权力基础

According to them, to oppose power, we must oppose foundation and legitimation of foundation to knowledge. This is delegitimation of knowledge.

在他们看来，要反对权力就要反对基础，反对基础对知识的合法化，这就是知识的非合法化。

As the current law lack of the provisions on the associational autonomy,...

本文从对行业协会自治权的法律分析入手，研究行业协会自治权的范围、性质、权力来源、内容等问题，并在此基础上探讨对行业协会自治权进行法律规范的必要性，在现行法律规定的基础上提出了对行业协会自治权进行法律监督的完善措施，包括制定统一的《行业协会法》及建立对行业协会自治行为的司法审查机制。

Though I have said that Patriarchal Power was not at first distinguished according to the objects over which it was exercised, I feel sure that Power over Children was the root of the old conception of Power; and I cannot doubt that the earliest use of the Nexum, and the one primarily regarded by those who resorted to it, was to give proper solemnity to the alienation of property.

虽然我们已说过，&父权&在最初时并不是因它所行使的对象的不同而有所区分，然我确切地感到，&对子女的权力&实即是古代&权力&概念的基础；我也深信在最早应用&耐克逊&时，也即是在原来应用它的人们的心目中，&耐克逊&的作用是在使财产的移转有适当的庄严仪式。

Unfortunately, such analytical frameworks don't follow a solid and strict logic, although they appear powerful in explaining substantive phenomena. There are actually four defects which should not be ignored within the frameworks. Firstly, some pivotal rights or power, such as residual claims and residual rights of control, are transcendentally provided without any scrupulous inspection of their intensions, extensions and foundations. Secondly, they depend overly on the approach of normal analysis , ignoring the forming process and practical rules of institutions. Thirdly, They pay so much attention on moral hazards, especially on hold-up problems related to specific investments, that how to deal with moral hazards becomes almost the only content of institutional arrangements or corporate governance. Finally, they select mature enterprises, most of which are public ones, as the research background, but neglect to study the initial establishing phase of a business venture.

虽然该框架对很多现象具有强大的解释力，但这并不意味它已有了坚实的理论基础和严谨的逻辑，因为该框架还存在着一些不应该被忽视的缺陷：第一，许多关键性的权利或者权力都是先验给定的，其内涵、外延以及存在基础并未得到严格考察；第二，过分依赖规范分析方法，却往往在有意或无意之间忽视了对企业实际的形成过程和运行规律的考察；第三，过分关注道德风险，尤其是与专用性投资相关的敲竹杠风险，以至于防止道德风险似乎成了企业制度安排或者企业治理的唯一内容；第四，基本上是以成熟企业，尤其是上市公司作为研究背景，而缺乏对创业阶段的研究。

The symbol system provides a power framework for the ruling authority of communities. Then, the exercise of village community leaders' informal power legitimates itself on local spiritual symbols and traditional cultures, and it is also expected to represent the whole villagers to communicate with their own god in order to meet the mental needs of community members.

民间信仰的象徵体系为村落共同体的组织权威提供了一个权力架构，所有村落社区领导人的非正式权力运作，其合法性就建立在地方性神灵象徵体系和传统文化的基础上，并被期待成为一个能代表村落社区集体与神灵进行沟通祈愿的中介，以满足社区成员共同的心理需求。

With the use of mechanics terms in his study of power, Foucault repudiates the static pattern of basis creed and essentialism and discovers "self-organizing" dynamics of social development, which coincidentally mirrors historical materialism, Marxist social theory.

福柯用力学术语研究权力，批判基础主义和本质主义在方法论上的静态模式，用微观权力揭示社会发展的&自组织&的动力学，这恰恰反映了马克思的社会理论―唯物史观。

Instead of basing the authority of rulers upon the sovereignty of God and requiring both rulers and subjects to submit to God's law as revealed in the Bible, Locke held that the authority of rulers derives from the consent of the governed.

他不主张政府的权力建立在神的主权的基础上，也不要求治理者和被治理者服膺神在圣经里启示的律法，而是主张政府的权力来自於人民的同意。

Instead of basing the authority of rulers upon the sovereignty of God and requiring both rulers and subjects to submit to God's law as revealed in the Bible, Locke held that the authority of rulers derives from the consent of the governed.

他不主张政府的权力建立在神的主权的基础上，也不要求治理者和被治理者服膺神在圣经里启示的律法，而是主张政府的权力来自于人民的同意。

According to the paper, the birth of the institution of Zhou is the outcome of many cases, such as the basis of institution of Yin, the restrictions on politics, economy, and culture of the early Zhou, and the balance of potences and interests among those in power.

摘要周礼是在继承殷礼的基础上，在周初政治、经济以及文化条件制约之下，在平衡各种政治势力的权力和利益的基础上诞生。

But with the forward historical evolution, the relationship between marriage and bear has been recognized by the human being and strengthened by the country's power, and the gender foundation of marriage has been regulation zed step by step so that to result to the mythological superstition to the natural characteristics of the gender foundation of marriage.

随着历史人推演，婚姻与生育的联系开始为人类所认识并不断被国家权力所强化，婚姻的性别基础逐渐制度化，以致于人类对婚姻的性别基础的&自然性&产生了神话般的迷信。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。