杂种优势的

While doing the RFLP tagging of giant embryogene,the genome changebetween mutants and its original parent,the relationship between RFLP andheteroses in indica,japonica and intermediate rice,the performance of multipleand null allelism in rice varieties,the utilization of null allelic RFLP probes inidentifying indica and japonica rice specifically,the distribution of the nullallelic RFLP probe RG684 in rice cultivars,and the segregations of RFLPmakers in indica/japonica F2 population were also studied.

本实验从经典遗传、分子遗传、育种潜力评估、育种新品系选育等领域，对巨大胚、甜胚乳、暗胚乳三种新型突变体进行了全面系统研究。在对巨大胚进行分子定位过程中，对涉及到的突变体与原始亲本基因组变化，籼、粳、中间型材料的RFLP多态性与杂种优势之间关系，水稻品种的复等位、零等位表现，鉴定籼、粳特异性的零等位RFLP标记，零等位标记RG684在稻种中分布，RFLP标记在籼粳交F2群体中分离等遗传现象也一并进行了分析。

Some discussions on essence,occurrence and change of BPH biotype were also provided

此外，致害力的纯化速度缓慢，容易发生衰退，显示的是数量性状的特征和某种程度的杂种优势。

Using the method of single factor variance,the SSR markers correlated with wood density,fibre length,fibre width and fibre angle were identified to be 5,7,4 and 2,respectively.

结果表明：纤维长有明显的杂种优势，控制该性状表现的基因之间具有正效应的互作；控制木材基本密度的基因之间具有负效应的互作。

Study on the genetic characteristic of improved lines which can broad temperate maize genetic basis, found new heterotic patterns, resolve the back and force situation, overcome the obstacle of high and super- high yield breeding, provide the technique guarantee for the sustainable development of Chinese maize production.

对改良系进行遗传研究，拓宽温带玉米的遗传基础，构建新的杂种优势模式，这将解决我国玉米育种徘徊不前的局面，克服玉米高产超高产育种的障碍，为我国玉米生产的可持续发展提供技术保障。

Crosses of the 13(15) crosses with higher protein content in kernel composed by parents from different heterotic groups, so the inbreds with high protein content and high combining ability from different heterotic groups was the genetic basis for making high protein crosses.

在子粒粗蛋白质含量相对较高的13(15)个组合中，92.3%(80%)组合的双亲来源于不同的杂优类群；因此，来自不同杂种优势类群的高蛋白、高配合力自交系是组配蛋白质含量较高组合的基础。

Accordingly we start from the definition of heterosisH=F1-MP,where H is heterosis, F1 is the first generation offspring, MP is the mean of the parents or midparent, and from the use of a binomial random variable and its extention to the multinomial case derive the basic relations of heterosis with its components.

另一在原文中未加说明的原因是，用配合力概念需要无穷多个品系才能和遗传力的结果相比较，仅此一点就把配合力的作用排斥掉了。文中的主题是杂种优势老大难题可以用笛卡尔的推理方法来解决。

Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to study the new approaches of QTL mapping, the results indicated that general least squares method, which was widely applied in mixed linear model, could unbiasedly estimate all genetic main effects, including additive effects, dominance effects and epistatic effects of additive by additive, additive by dominance, dominance by additive, dominance by dominance.

对新提出的QTL分析力法进行了Monte Carlo模拟研究，结果表明，广泛应用于混合线性模型的广义最小二乘法能够无偏估计加性效应，显性效应以及加加、加显、显加、显显上位性效应等各项遗传主效应；运用线性无偏预测法能够无偏预测上述各项遗传主效应与环境的互作效应；基于QTL效应的杂种优势预测也是无偏的。

This item is mainly carry on close origin of original grow at first then further and purely expand big area through cross-fertilize to make technique research and extend a new product in order to do experiment demonstration and popularization.

项目简介：采用国内外第一项&瓜果超低温育种&的成功技术，选育性状稳定的两个亲本杂交，选育出杂种优势强的籽用南瓜新品种。

Seven restorers were selected out of 15 resource materials, based on their complete restoring ability to both of the ms lines.

利用这7个恢复系与湘油66A所配的组合在品种比较试验中表现出不同程度的杂种优势，6个组合均比对照增产，增产幅度为2.28％～19.21％，其中有3个组合的增产幅度在10％以上。

It is feasible to forecast the heterosis of Small Tail Han Sheep crossed with imported meat sheep by genetic polymorphism of microsatellite DNA and it will have an important value for sheep breeding in future.

利用微卫星DNA 多态性预测引进肉用绵羊品种与小尾寒羊的杂种优势是可行的，将对今后绵羊育种具有重要的应用价值。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。