杂交植物

Love was the maternal donor of the polyploid Elymus; the "Y" genome existed in the StY-genome Elymus may be differentiated from the St genome, i.e., the autopolyploid StSt-genome species probably experienced genomic differentiation within a species after autopolyploidy, leading to the significant genomic change and resulting the StY-genome allotetraploids; the StY genome species distributed in the Central Asia with a high level of genetic diversity radiated to the Western and Eastern Asia, under the environmental selection and other factors, and only a few species spread to the western Asia and most species have remained in the Central and eastern Asia.

3分子证据表明在StY基因组的物种之间有明显的地理分化，中亚可能是StY基因组披碱草属植物的分化中心，并在此基础上，StY基因组的披碱草属植物向东亚和西亚进行了快速的辐射，形成了现代StY基因组物种的分布格局；多次杂交、迁移和分化是StY基因组的披碱草属植物进化的主要动力。(4)拟鹅观草属物种可能是所有披碱草属植物的母本供体。

We will continue to flourish because our diverse American society has the strength, hardiness, and resilience of the hybrid plant we are.

我们会继续繁荣昌盛，因为我们是一株杂交植物，我们多元的美国社会有这一植物的力量、坚韧、适应力。

Lam. and its related species are called plants of Ipomoea section batatas, which are classified into two groups based on the cross-compatibility with sweetpotato: Group I cross-compatible with sweetpotato and Group II cross-incompatible with sweetpotato.

根据同甘薯的杂交亲和性，将甘薯组植物分为两个群：同甘薯杂交亲和的第Ⅰ群和同甘薯杂交不亲和的第Ⅱ群。

Nutrition solution culture, ICP-AES, the differential centrifugation technique and sequential chemical extraction method, suppression subtractive hybridization , RAPD were used in this thesis to study the mechanisms of copper tolerance and accumulation by Commelina communis grown in copper mine deposit which was reported to be a Cu hyperaccumulator, compared with C. communis grown in normal soil. Several aspects were examined, including: difference of copper tolerance and accumulation between C. communis grown in copper mine deposit and that grown in normal soil; difference of growth and nutrient accumunation between C. communis grown in copper mine deposit and that grown in normal soil under copper treatment; physiological differences between between C. communis grown in copper mine deposit and that grown in normal soil under copper treatment; subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Cu in C. communis; identification of cDNA fragments differentially expressed in C. communis grown in copper mine deposit; genetic diversity and copper tolerance of C. communis, tolerance mechanisms to copper in C. communis are discussed.

中文题名鸭跖草对铜的耐性机理和富集特征研究副题名外文题名 Mechanisms of Cu tolerance and accumulation by Commelina communis 论文作者廖斌导师蓝崇钰束文圣学科专业环境科学研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位中山大学学位授予日期2003 论文页码总数128页关键词重金属污染植物修复超富集植物土壤污染铜污染鸭跖草馆藏号BSLW /2003 /X53 /12 论文以本实验室报道的生长于矿山上的铜超富集植物鸭跖草和生长于正常土壤中的鸭跖草为试验材料，分别运用溶液培养法、ICP-AES元素测定技术、差速离心法和化学试剂逐步提取法、抑制消减杂交技术、RAPD技术研究了矿山和非矿山两种生境鸭跖草对铜的耐性和吸收积累的差异，两种生境鸭跖草在铜胁迫下养分吸收和积累的差异，两种生境鸭跖草在铜胁迫下生理反应的差异，以及铜在鸭跖草细胞内的分布及结合形态研究，矿山鸭跖草差异表达的cDNA克隆，铜对鸭跖草种群遗传分化的影响，从这几个方面探讨了矿山鸭跖草对铜的耐性机理。

An out crossing plant needs to transfer its pollen to the stigma of a conspecific plant, and receive pollen from a conspecific.

异型杂交植物需要将其花粉转移到同种植物的柱头上，并接受同种植物的花粉。

An out crossing plant needs to transfer its pollen to the stigma of a conspecific plant, and receive pollen from a conspecific.

传粉异型杂交植物需要将其花粉转移到同种植物的柱头上，并接受同种植物的花粉。

Despite the hybrid's unfortunate sexual impotence, shrewd would-be agriculturalists realised that the plants could be cultivated from suckering shoots and cuttings taken from the underground stem.

尽管这种杂交植物是不幸的&性无能&患者，精明的农学家们还是意识到可以通过插条法和嫁接来培育香蕉。

A seed-packed wild musaDespite the hybrid's unfortunate sexual impotence, shrewd would-be agriculturalists realised that the plants could be cultivated from suckering shoots and cuttings taken from the underground stem.

尽管这种杂交植物是不幸的&性无能&患者，精明的农学家们还是意识到可以通过插条法和嫁接来培育香蕉。

The course mainly introduces basic principles and methods of experimental techniques of cell engineering, which includesmedia preparation, sterilization and aseptic technique, virus-free seedling production, plant rapid propagation, immature embryo culture, pollen and anther culture, cell culture, protoplast culture, somatic hybridization, plant transformation, and so on. The contents of this course follow the from easy

该课程主要介绍细胞工程特别是植物细胞工程的基本实验技术及其原理与方法，包括：培养基配制、灭菌及无菌操作技术、无病毒苗培育、植物快速繁殖、幼胚培养、花药及花粉培养、细胞培养、原生质体培养、体细胞杂交及植物遗传转化等。

By removed ovary culture after positive and negative hybridization, produced interspecific hybridization, and have improved the hybrid seed through removed ovary culture and induced to shoot by culture medium MS, and produced hybrid F1, the plant of Brassica junce×B.pekinesis, the advantage characteristic of hybrid plant is similar to female nature;By cytology authenticating, chromosome number of F1 young flower bud cell (2n=28), it is the sum of monoploid chromosome number of female parent Brassica junce(2n=36) and male parent B.pekinesis(2n=20); The hybridization to Brassica junce×B.pekinesis, and embryonic bud come from removed ovary culture, and it found another form of plant embryo saving.

以芸薹属植物芥菜型油菜和白菜为研究对象，对其进行常规正反杂交后子房的离体培养，通过离体子房培养获得的杂种种子经MS培养基诱导成苗，获得了芥菜型油菜与白菜的杂种F1代植株，表现出杂种优势；通过细胞学的方法，鉴定了杂种F1幼蕾体的细胞染色体数为2n=28，为母本芥菜型油菜（2n=36）和父本白菜（2n=20）的单倍体染色体数之和；芥菜型油菜与白菜常规杂交后，经离体子房培养获得了&胚性芽&，确立了植物胚挽救的另一种形式。

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。