杂交

Through wide hybridization between wheat and Thinopyrum species, a lot of amphidiploid, addition, substitution and translocation lines were produced and many wheat cultivars were selected.

通过小麦与偃麦草的远缘杂交，创造了大批小麦一偃麦草双二倍体、异附加系、异代换系和易位系材料，选育了许多小麦新品种。

Nigra, B. oleracea and B. carinata belonged to class 2A according to the classification of karyotypes by Stebbins (1971). According to Levitzky's and Stebbin's view, the more asymmetric karyotype a species has, the more evolved it is. Therefore, B. campestris is the furthest evolved species among the elementary species, and B. juncea and B. napus the furthest among the amphidiploid species. Compared with the previous reports, there is no any cytoplasm in the chromosome sample prepared using this protocol which is very useful for the karyotype analysis, as well as the FISH research on Brassica species.

对上述研究结果分析表明：（1）芸薹属复合种是由基本种相互杂交而成；（2）B基因组与A或与C基因组亲缘关系较远，而A和C基因组亲缘关系较近；（3）芸薹属复合种在演化过程中，发生了染色体结构上的重排现象；（4）芸薹属复合种演化过程中，rRNA基因位点发生了减少；所获结果与国外同类报道相比表明：国内的白菜型油菜存在新的rRNA基因位点，即rRNA基因在芸薹属同一物种不同的品种间具有多态性；有关这类研究国内尚未见报道。

It is proposed the gene is designated as Pm34. A dominant major powdery mildew resistance gene in a BC〓F〓 population, derived from a cross between an amphidiploid of T. durum acc. DR147-Ae. caudate acc. Ae14 and wheat cv. Laizhou953, was identified.

在由硬粒小麦DR147-尾状山羊草Ae14合成的双二倍体与普通小麦品种莱州953杂交衍生的BC〓F〓群体中鉴定了一个显性抗小麦白粉病基因。

A new upland germplasm with the delayed gland morphogenesis trait of G.bickii, ABH-0318, was bred by crossing the amphidiploid of (G.arboreum ×G.bickii)F_1 with an upland cotton germplasm 'Gl_2Gl_2gl_3gl_3' and backcrossing afterward continuously.

用F1双二倍体作母本与陆地棉单节显性系1(Gl2Gl2gl3gl3)进行杂交和连续回交，育成了具有子叶色素腺体延缓形成特性的陆地棉种质系———ABH0318。

In this study, the author used GISH technology to analyze the material that was resistant to take-all in test, and got three chromosome arm addition lines that carried the resistance genes derived from the amphiploid of Triticum-Haynaldia. The above arm addition lines and their resistant and sensitive parents were analyzed by RAPD method and two specific molecular markers that were tightly linked to resistant gene were obtained.

本研究先用基因组原位杂交对经鉴定抗全蚀病的材料进行分析，检测出三个抗性源于簇毛麦的端体异附加系材料，再利用RAPD方法，对这三个材料和抗感病亲本进行分析，得到了两个与全蚀病抗性基因紧密相关的特异性RAPD标记。

The chromosome constitution on H96276-2, which is a stable line derived from a sterile wheat-Agropyron intermedium partial amphiploid Zhong 3 cross to common wheat Hui 75, was analyzed by sequential GISH and FISH.

利用顺序基因组-重复序列原位杂交技术对1个来自中3不育系和普通小麦恢75杂种后代稳定株系H96276-2的染色体组成进行了分析。

The chromosme constitution on H96276-2, which is a stable line derived from a sterile wheat-Agropyron intermedium partial amphiploid Zhong 3 cross to common wheat Hui 75, was analyzed by sequential GISH and FISH.

利用顺序基因组-重复序列荧光原位杂交技术对1个来自中3不育系和普通小麦恢75杂种后代稳定株系H96276-2的染色体组成进行了分析。

The chromosome composition of Yuan Zhong 2, a common wheat-Ag.intermedium partial amphiploid (2n=54), was analyzed with the genomic in situ hybridization,in which the biotinylated total DNA of Ag.intermedium as the probe and the total DNA of common wheat cv.Chinese Spring as blocking DNA were used to hybridize with the chromosome DNA of Yuan Zhong 2 at mitotic metaphase in root tip cells.

为分析普通小麦-天兰冰草部分双二倍体-远中2号(2n=54)的染色体构成，用生物素(biotin-16-dUTP)标记天兰冰草染色体组DNA作为探针，以普通小麦品种中国春染色体组DNA为封闭DNA，与远中2号的有丝分裂中期染色体DNA进行了分子原位杂交。

An artificial amphiploid RSP (2n=42, AABBDD) obtained by tetraploid landrace Ailanmai (Triticum turgidum L., 2n=28, AABB) and Aegilops tauschii (DD, 2n=14) expressed high tolerance to preharvest sprouting which derived from Aegilops tauschii.

利用长休眠的河南节节麦与四倍体小麦矮兰麦杂交幷经人工加倍合成的新六倍体小麦RSP，其节节麦抗穗发芽特性得到表达。

An artificial amphiploid RSP (2n=42, AABBDD) obtained by tetraploid landrace Ailanmai (Triticum turgidum L, 2n=28, AABB) and Aegilops tauschii (DD, 2n=14) expressed high tolerance to sprouting which derived from Aegilops tuuschii.

"RSP"是利用长休眠节节麦与四倍体小麦杂交并通过染色体加倍，人工合成的优良的抗穗发芽小麦新材料。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！