杂交

Some species of sturgeons are polypolids. The hybridization is common even between genera Acipenser and Huso. The parents of different species with the same chromosome numbers will produce reproductive offsprings, and thus, genetic introgression among species would easily happen in the nature conditions.

鲟具有多倍体特徵，其中鲟属及鳇属杂交的情形非常普遍，染色体倍数相同的亲代杂交产生的子代具有繁殖力，因此在自然情况下或人为移殖时很容易造成基因渗入现象。

The detectable group, biotin-ε-aminocaproic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, is attached to the remaining amino group. A series of multiamine compouds, i. e. ethylendiamine, 1, 6-hexandediamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, and synthetic polyarylamide are used inlabelling, it is found that linker arms and steric hindrance effect the detection sensitivity. The probes labeled by 1, 6-hexandediamine and triethylenetetramine can detect 0.1-0.5pg target DNA in dot blot hybridization, and their sensitivities are better than the others.

本文详细考察了乙二胺、己二胺、二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺、四乙烯五胺及合成的聚乙烯胺化合物对λDNA探针的标记和检测的影响，发现胺化物链长和空间位阻影响探针的杂交和检测，用己二胺和三乙烯四胺标记的生物素探针在杂交24小时、显色8小时后检测灵敏度达0.1-0.5pg，超过其它胺化物标记的探针。

A new Antheraea pernyi variety Hulunbei'er 1 in bivoltine area in which breeding one generation for a year has been bred by the methods of pedigree separation and hybridization.

采用系统分离和杂交育种方法，育成了适合二化一放蚕区放养的柞蚕四元杂交新品种呼伦贝尔一号。

The low fitness of the hybrids would cause selection to favor assortative mating, which would control hybridization.

杂交子代的低适合度将导致选择有利于选型交配，从而控制杂交。

Pneumoniae FH strain was cloned and the sequence was analysed by M13 DNA sequencing method. Comparing the PCR product sequcence with MP M-129 strain P1 gene, we found that there are 4 bases different. This may result from the different MP DNA templates. The maximum homology is 98.8%. The result confirmed the fidelity and specificity of the amplified target DNA segment by PCP, and suggested that two categories of MP P1 gene still exist a few differences even in the conservation region. The cloning MP DNA segment was labelled by random hexanucleotide priming, after hybridization, the probe detection was completed using an anti-digoxigenin antibody alkaline phosphatase conjugate, and the substrates 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate and nitro blue tetrazolium. This hybridization system is much superior to the radioactive probe hybridization, because it is safe, easy to handle and has no limitation of decay time. The time required for colormetic detection is also much less than the corresponding autoradiographic exposure time needed to achieve similar detection limits with 32P-labelled probes. The Dig-probes could be used repeatedly, and this made them not only much convenient to use, but also lower the cost, and worthwhile to be used popularly.

将PCR产物进行重组，并将阳性重组质粒，应用M13测序系统对产物进行DNA序列分析，并与MPM-129株P1基因核苷酸进行同源性比较，发现有4个位置的碱基发生了变化，其同源性为98.8％，证实了PCR所扩增DNA片段的准确性和特异性，同时也证实了不同MP组型的P1基因即使在保守区也存在着一定的差异，将克隆的目的DNA片段用异羟基洋地黄毒苷配基用随机引物法标记制备MP DNA探针，杂交后用碱性磷酸酶标记的抗Dig多克隆抗体与杂交体反应，再用BCIP和NBT呈色，制备MP DNA探针，鉴定所扩增片段的特异性，与同位素探针比较，Dig探针不受半衰期限制，可反复使用，而且价格低廉，值得推广使用。

From the cross with P131, 24monoascospore progenies were obtained, 10 of them were avirulent and 14 virulent to Tsuyuake.

因此，将杂交组合产生的杂交后代接种在这4个品种上，以确定稻瘟菌控制对这些品种无毒性的遗传位点数。

Thinopyrum intermedium,one of the relative species of common wheat,is a kind of dominant wheat germplasm resource for the resistance to stripe rust in wheat genetic improvement. With using Chinese spring phlb as recurrent parents and awnless Zhong 4(a partial chromosome of Thinopyrum intermedium)as donor parents,that is backcross selection,the offspring BC_2F_(7～9)were acquired.Cytology check and genome in situ hybridization, were used for the translocation lines and substitution lines detection.

本研究采用常规杂交并辅抗性鉴定等方法，以中国春phlb突变体为轮回亲本，利用无芒中4，转育中间偃麦草的抗条锈性，并通过细胞学和DNA原位杂交检测，鉴定和筛选普通小麦—中间偃麦草的抗条锈病异代换系或易位系。

On day 3 post-booster-immunization with the bacterially expressed gC protein MBP-gC-NC,the myeloma cell line SP2/0 was fused by PEG4000 with the splenocyte of mice after booster immunization.Then three McAbs,1B4,1H4 and 2C8,were obtained and characterized with titers of 1∶2×105-1∶2×106 in ascites.

给BALB/c小鼠用大肠杆菌表达的gC融合蛋白MBP-gC-NC加强免疫后第3d，取小鼠脾细胞与SP2/0小鼠骨髓瘤细胞在PEG4000作用下进行杂交融合，经筛选、克隆，获得了3株稳定分泌抗PRV gC蛋白单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株，分别命名为1B4、1H4和2C8。

Summary The yak belongs to the family of Bovidae.

另外，黄牛和牦牛之间的种间杂交可以追溯到3000年前，并且这种杂交活动在整个牦牛分布地域尤其是农牧交错区相当普遍。

Eight buffalograss Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt. Engelmplants of stable shape and properties were selected to prepare 16 hydridized combinations by incomplete diallel crossing.

选用8个性状稳定的野牛草材料，采用不完全双列杂交试验设计，配制了16个杂交组合，分析了叶片枯黄程度、枯黄过程中叶片颜色遗传力及配合力。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。