机理

Pollution with biological theory and methods, monitor and estimate environmental quality, mainly including the basic conception of environmental biology, the toxin and mechanism of natural biological environmental pollution and abiological environmental pollution on organism, the pollution and mechanism

课程内容主要包括环境生物学的基本概念，自然生物环境的污染、非生物环境污染物对生物体的毒害和机理，生物污染物对环境的污染和机理，环境污染物的生物效应及其对平衡生态系统的破坏与摧毁，污染环境的生物净化，生物净化的新技术、新工艺等等。

In this paper, mechanisms of electrorheological fluids are reviewed, theirreason ableness and existing problems are analyzed, and some suggestions for future research are given.

综述了电流变体的各种作用机理，分析了各种机理的合理性及其存在的问题，并对该方面以后的研究提出了建议。

The non-isothermal kinetic data were analyzed with the Achar equation, Coats-Redfern equation, Kissinger equation, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa equation and Starink equation.The mechanism function and kinetic parameters of the thermal decomposition in the third step were obtained.The chemical reaction mechanism (F3) controlled the third thermal decomposition process.The apparent activation energy and the pre-exponential factor were 351 kJ·mol-1 and 2.57×10 30s-1 respectively.

采用Achar方程、Coats-Redfern方程、Kissinger方程、Flynn-Wall-Ozawa方程和Starink方程对非等温动力学数据进行了分析，得到了第3步热分解反应的机理函数、动力学参数和热分解反应动力学方程，其热分解反应过程受F3机理控制，表观活化能为351 kJ·mol-1，指前因子为2.57×

Just under this background, studying on the flight mechanism of flapping-wing MAV and sample fabrication from the bionics are conducted in this dissertation. The kinematics equations of insect wings can be acquired by the observation and measurement on the natural insect in researching paper. The geometry model of insect is established by UG technology. The three dimensional grid during the insect moving in the flow field is achieved which adopted grid generation method. The characteristic of lift and drag are attained by simulation the surround flow field during the locomotion of wings, and the flight mechanism of insect is discussed. Based on this study, the physical flapping-wing MAV is fabricated by the acquirable materials and parts of apparatus in existence.

正是在这一背景下，本文从仿生的角度来研究微型飞行器的飞行机理与样机制作；通过查阅文献中对自然界中昆虫翅膀运动的观察与测量，获取了昆虫翅膀的运动方程；采用UG建模技术，建立昆虫的几何模型；采用网格划分方法，获取昆虫在流场运动时的三维网格；运用CFD方法模拟翅膀运动时周围的流场，获取昆虫运动时的升阻力特性，进而来研究昆虫的飞行机理；在此基础上，通过现有可用的材料加工制作仿生微型飞行器。

The paper through the mechanism which produces to the asphalt road surface water harm carries on the induction to summarize, as well as the different type bituminous mixture water stability has carried on a series of contrasts experiment to several kind of different aggregates and the asphalt adherency, has analyzed the aggregate and the asphalt adherency and the bituminous mixture water stability; Meanwhile moves the water action mechanism take the pavement structure in as the key point, in the basis room experiments to the design half rigid base bituminous mixture test sample carries on washes out the experiment, the observation test sample and washes out when the number of times increase along with the time variation the basic unit wash load situation, has analyzed the water to the bituminous pavement various structures level damage rule; To immerses under the condition using the ANASYS finite element software the bituminous pavement structure level the stress to carry on the analysis computation, and analyzed the bituminous pavement according to the computed result to produce the unboiled water harm the rule, further to understand the structure level produced the unboiled water harm the rule.

本论文通过对沥青路面水损害产生的机理进行归纳总结，对几种不同集料和沥青的粘附性以及采用不同抗剥落措施的沥青混合料的水稳性进行了一系列对比试验，分析了集料与沥青的粘附性及沥青混合料的水稳定性，并对水稳性试验进行了评价；同时以路面结构中的动水作用机理为重点，依据室内试验对设计的半刚性基层沥青混合料组合试件进行冲刷试验，观察试件随时间变化和冲刷次数增加时基层的冲刷量情况，分析了水对沥青路面结构层的损坏规律；利用ANSYS有限元软件对浸水前后沥青路面层底应力进行分析计算，并根据计算结果分析了沥青路面产生水损害的规律，进一步了解结构层产生水损害的规律。

Homogeneous catalytic oxidations of organic substrates such as alkane and alkene catalyzed by m-oxo-bismetalloporphyrins and flexible alkoxyl oxygen linked-bismetalloporphyrins were introduced,and the catalytic mechanism of these two bismetalloporphyrins,along with the possible synergetic catalysis mechanism of binuclear central metal were discussed.

主要介绍了μ-氧代双核金属卟啉和以柔韧烷氧链相连的双核金属卟啉作为仿酶催化剂在均相催化烷烃、烯烃等有机底物氧化方面的研究进展，并对这两类双核金属卟啉的催化机理、金属双核的协同催化作用机理作了论述，最后展望了双核金属卟啉仿酶催化剂的研究前景。

In order to reveal the spatial disciplinarian and the driving mechanism of urban land expansion, this paper applies the integrated method of remote sensing and geographic information systems to examine the dynamic changes, spatial patterns, traffic locations, barycenter migrations, allometric growth and driving mechanism of urban land expansion in Beijing.

为了揭示北京市城市用地扩张与城市化的空间推进规律及其驱动机理，本文采用RS和GIS综合集成的研究方法，探讨了北京市城市用地空间扩张的动态变化特征、交通区位特征、重心迁移特征和异速增长特征，并对城市空间扩张的机理进行了分析。

AlTiN coating has inconspicuous anti-wear effect on carbide.(3) With the introduce of graphite chips bwteen the frictional surface, the effect of graphite chip on the sliding friction and wear behavior of frictional pair was studied. The results show that graphite chips can reduce the coefficient of friction and frictional temperature, and make the coefficient of friction decrease with the decrease of normal load and rise of sliding speed.

在硬质合金微铣刀高速铣削石墨的刀具磨损和破损研究方面，分析了石墨高速铣削过程中的摩擦学条件，揭示了涂层和非涂层硬质合金微铣刀高速铣削石墨的刀具磨损和破损形态及其机理，研究结果表明涂层早期剥落是涂层的早期破损形式，&抛光&磨粒磨损是涂层硬质合金微铣刀在稳定磨损期的主要磨损机理。

The mechanism of RCC''s metamorphism is expatiate on the hiberarchy of the applying theories and the designed method of the mixed ratio of the cement grout enriched RCC was put forward by studing on the correlativity of grout materials involved in the vibration-diffusion mechanism, the mixed ratio, the cement grout enriched RCC and RCC etc. The durability of antifreezing of the cement grout enriched RCC is enhanced by the improvement and optimization of grout materials.

中文摘要：通过对变态浆材在碾压混凝土中的振动扩散机理，变态浆材掺加量、变态混凝土和碾压混凝土的关联性等的研究，在应用理论基础层次上阐明碾压混凝土变态的机理，提出变态混凝土的配合比设计方法；通过对变态浆材的改性和优化研究，提高变态混凝土的抗冻耐久性。

The mechanism of RCC''s metamorphism is expatiate on the hiberarchy of the applying theories and the designed method of the mixed ratio of the cement grout enriched RCC was put forward by studing on the correlativity of grout materials involved in the vibration-diffusion mechanism, the mixed ratio, the cement grout enriched RCC and RCC etc. The durability of antifreezing of the cement grout enriched RCC is enhanced by the improvement and optimization of grout materials.

通过对变态浆材在碾压混凝土中的振动扩散机理，变态浆材掺加量、变态混凝土和碾压混凝土的关联性等的研究，在应用理论基础层次上阐明碾压混凝土变态的机理，提出变态混凝土的配合比设计方法；通过对变态浆材的改性和优化研究，提高变态混凝土的抗冻耐久性。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。