机构

The variable geometry truss mechanisms have been studied extensively and systematically by this project. The research plan has been completed all sidedly, and expected results have been obtained. Three new kinds of combination decahedrons and a new class of variable geometry truss mechanism, which is composed of an octahedron and three tetrahedrons connected in parallel form, are proposed. The position analyses for decahedrons, dodecahedrons, triple-octahedrons, combinations decahedron and a new type of structure of variable geometry truss mechanisms are presented by introducing additional extra linear displacement sensors and using resultant elimination and homotopy continuation algorithms. The method of kinematical analysis of variable geometry truss mechanisms is established.

课题组对变几何桁架机构进行了深入的研究，全面地完成了研究计划，取得了预期的成果；提出了三种新的十面体组合机构以及由一个八面体和三个四面体组成的新型变几何桁架机构的结构形式；应用结式消元、附加传感器和同伦方法等提出了十面体、十二面体、三重八面体、组合十面体和新型变几何桁架机构的位置分析方法；建立了变几何桁架机构运动分析的一般方法；建立了简洁的凯恩和拉格伦日动力学的模型；应用有限元和子结构方法，提出了变几何柞架机构弹性动力学模型，导出了逆动力学方程的显式形式；设计和研制了一台可折叠的八面体变几何杵架机构装置等。

The talk will review four 'narratives' of deinstitutionalization: 1 the positive narrative of moving care from the asylum to the community, from 'confinement' to 'hope'; 2 the dark narratives of 'deinstitutionalization' leading to neglect and 'reinstitutionalization'; 3 a cultural narrative of distinctive forms of institutionalization and deinstitutionalization in diverse regions of Asia; and 4 a reminder of the complex history of deinstitutionalization in the United States and Western countries.

这个讲座将回顾对去机构化的四种"表述"：1把服务从避难所转到社区的积极表述，从"拘禁所"到"希望"；2）"去机构化"导致忽视和"重新机构化"的灰暗的表述；3）在不同的亚洲地区有各具特色的机构化和去机构化形式的文化表述；4）让人回想起在美国和西方国家中去机构化的复杂历史。

The paper studies the distribution characteristics and determinants of job vacancies. The parameter estimation is based on the two-stage Tobit procedure. The main statistical results are as follows: There is a positive correlation between the hiring scale and job vacancy incidence, while there is a negative correlation between the qualification vacancy rate and the hiring scale. The higher the labor turnover rate in units, the higher the job vacancy incidences and the vacancy rates are. The 98.39% of institutions with prospects have labor needs, and 39.53% of units declining say they will hire new staff. After decomposing the Theil Index which reflects the gaps among vacancy rates, the differences among vacancy rates of different units are mainly from the inner causes of various groups, and the intergroup reasons are not main ones.

本文利用两阶段Tobit模型对国内的职位空缺统计数据进行了估计，发现：用人机构的雇佣规模与职位空缺发生率正相关，而职位空缺率则与机构的雇佣规模呈现负相关的关系；机构员工流动率越高，职位空缺发生率以及职位空缺率越高；在景气指数为"看涨"的机构中98.39%表示存在用人需求，而景气指数为"看跌"的机构里只有39.53%的机构表示会招募新员工；在对反映职位空缺率差距水平的泰尔指数分解后发现机构职位空缺率之间的不同主要是由于各类分组的组内原因导致的，而组间的原因并不是主要的。

The paper studies the distribution characteristics and determinants of job vacancies. The parameter estimation is based on the two-stage Tobit procedure. The main statistical results are as follows: There is a positive correlation between the hiring scale and job vacancy incidence, while thereis a negative correlation between the qualification vacancy rate and the hiring scale. The higher the labor turnover rate in units, the higher the job vacancy incidences and the vacancy rates are. The 98.39% of institutions with prospects have labor needs, and 39.53% of units declining say they will hirenew staff. After decomposing the Theil Index which reflects the gaps among vacancy rates, the differences among vacancy rates of different units are mainly from the inner causes of various groups, and the intergroup reasons are not main ones.

本文利用两阶段Tobit模型对国内的职位空缺统计数据进行了估计，发现：用人机构的雇佣规模与职位空缺发生率正相关，而职位空缺率则与机构的雇佣规模呈现负相关的关系；机构员工流动率越高，职位空缺发生率以及职位空缺率越高；在景气指数为"看涨"的机构中98.39%表示存在用人需求，而景气指数为"看跌"的机构里只有39.53%的机构表示会招募新员工；在对反映职位空缺率差距水平的泰尔指数分解后发现机构职位空缺率之间的不同主要是由于各类分组的组内原因导致的，而组间的原因并不是主要的。

Some key part is ameliorated to meet the demands of working. This thesis mainly includes:(1) Analysing the working principle of the spring operateing mechanism, expatiating the character of the mechanism;(2) With the design aim of the spring operating mechanism, accomplishing the design of ZW□-12/630-20 outdoor HV vacuum breaker based on the systemic design theory of the spring operating mechanism, which includes spring mechanism of open-close switch; cam mechanism based on the principle of power balance; buckle-off mechanism with force-minished device; ratchet wheel mechanism with number-increased detent;(3) In the design on the spring operating mechanism for the outdoor vacuum breaker, using the air cushion device with speed controller to ensure the steady working of the spring operating mechanism;(4) Accoding the problem of daily maintenance for HV circuitbreaker, giving some effective steps of daily maintenance.

论文工作主要包括以下几个方面：(1)从真空断路器弹簧操动机构的功能原理出发，详细分析了该机构的工作原理，阐述了机构工作的基本特性；(2)根据工程实际提出了真空断路器弹簧操动机构的设计目标，在系统分析弹簧操动机构设计理论的基础上，完成了ZW□-12/630-20型户外真空断路器弹簧操动机构的设计工作，其中包括真空断路器弹簧操动机构的分合闸弹簧机构的设计；以输出力特性曲线设计机构理论演化出的功率平衡原则为基础的凸轮机构的设计；带有减力机构的滚动摩擦扣结方式的脱扣机构设计；根据实际情况增加了棘爪数量的棘轮机构设计；(3)在真空断路器弹簧操动机构的设计中，引入了速度控制模式空气缓冲器，对惯性负载起到了良好的自动缓冲效果，从而保证了真空断路器弹簧操动机构稳定、有效地运行，保证了真空断路器的动作质量；(4)针对目前真空断路器运行过程中存在的问题，提出了有效的日常维护措施。

This paper introduced the working principle and kinematic regulation of intermittent sheet transfer mechanism available,expounded their advantages and disadvantages,and provided out that the tendency of this mechanism is the finer dynamic performance,higher precise and compacter.

介绍了现有间歇递纸机构的工作原理和运动特性，阐明了各自的优缺点；指出间歇递纸机构的发展趋势是对动力学性能好、传递精度高、结构紧凑的新型组合机构的研发；提出专用曲线槽轮-不完全齿轮递纸机构，通过与现有机构的分析对比，证明了新机构的优点，为间歇递纸机构的改进设计提供了新的思路。

This thesis investigates the profile extraction and shape optimization on the result of topology optimization of planar compliant mechanisms. The main context includes the following work:(1) summarizing and analyzing the recent research status, some harvest and unsolved problems;(2) analyzing the conceptual design of planar path-generating compliant mechanisms and its mathematical model and tools;(3) Modifying the method of density contour as the method of profile extraction, and developing a method to optimize the density function in the profile extraction according to the requirement of the design of compliant mechanism;(4) developing a method to abstract the compliant mechanism into a form of links and joints by using the principle of connectivity on topology;(5) developing a method of shape optimization of planar path-generating compliant mechanisms, by representing the profile of the abstracted compliant mechanism as simple curves such as straight lines and arcs, establishing the models of the size optimization of the parameters of these curves, so that the compliant mechanism has a machinable shape;(6) At last, proving the feasibleness and effectiveness of the design method by making simulation design and validating it in FEA software.

主要工作包括：(1)分析了柔顺机构拓扑优化和形状优化的研究现状，分析了目前柔顺机构的研究重点、主要成果和尚未解决的问题；(2)分析了基于SIMP的柔顺机构概念设计方法及其相关工具和模型；(3)针对柔顺机构轮廓提取的特殊要求，提出了密度等值线法的改进方案，对密度函数插值点密度值进行优化，提出优化模型和选择优化算法；(4)根据轨迹输出平面全柔顺机构自身的形状特点，提出了轨迹输出平面全柔顺机构的抽象方法，即应用拓扑学上的连通性原理将柔顺机构抽象成杆件和结点形式，并对相应的数学原理进行了证明；(5)提出了平面全柔顺机构的形状还原和尺寸优化方法，对抽象的柔顺机构进行还原，将其轮廓还原成简单曲线的连接，从而建立尺寸优化模型，对机构进行尺寸优化设计，在得到可加工的机构轮廓的同时又能对关键部位进行特别处理；(6)进行了柔顺机构的数值仿真设计，并将所得设计结果导入商用有限元软件中进行仿真实验，证明了设计方法的可行性和有效性。

The main content of this thesis includes the following parts:(1) In Chapter 2, the conditions of link lengths are derived for the side bars to rotate as cranks. Two types of cranks are defined and then five-bar linkages are divided into four types, i.e.

本文主要做了以下几方面的工作：(1)在第二章中，先导出五杆机构两连架杆可整周转动的杆长条件，并根据曲柄的存在情况，对五杆机构进行分类，即把五杆机构分成全曲柄机构、双准曲柄机构、双摇杆机构和准曲柄-摇杆机构四种类型。

The new rT joint not only has two rotation axes that intersect at right angle,but also has another rotational degree of freedom which can be used to modify the assembly of other joints.This can change the mobility of the parallel mechanisms that assembled with the new rT joints and leads to two types of metamorphic paralllel mechanisms:In the first type,the mechanism changes its topology by turning the new rT joints in all limbs into different configurations which reconfigures the constraints within the limbs or the assembly of all the limb constraints.This change of mobility is completed by two cases.One is illustrated by a 3PS and a 3C parallel mechanism,by altering the rT joint into different configurations there will produce or reduce local degrees of freedom and thus change the constraits to the moving platform.This qualifies the 3PS and 3C to have variable mobility from 3 through to 6 and from 1 through to 6 respectively.

该铰链除了一般Hooke铰的两个轴线互相垂直相交的旋转自由度外，还增加了一个可以调节该两个轴线之一的姿态的一个旋转自由度，通过此自由度调节该rT铰到不同的装配构型，可以改变用其装配的并联机构的自由度，由此产生两类新型的并联变胞机构：一类是机构的各个支链中都有rT铰，该铰链的不同构型可以改变各支链对运动平台的约束或整个支链组的组合形式而改变机构的自由度状态，3PS和3C属于前者，通过调节rT铰到不同构型可以使其支链产生或消失局部自由度，从而减少或增加支链对运动平台的约束，使得并联变胞机构3PS和3C分别具有自由度从3变到6和从1变到6的能力；3P属于改变支链组组合形式的机构，其rT铰的不同构型将改变整个支链组的几何约束组合，使得并联变胞机构3P可以有三转动、三平动或三平移(来源：ABCded9de论文网www.abclunwen.com)一转动的自由度形式。

Under CFI we also include a number of institutions known as cooperative banks. The expression_r cooperative bank is often used to represent a CFI that holds a banking licence, but also a number of other very disparate structures, such as: the apex of a CFI network that holds a banking licence; a joint stock anking subsidiary of an apex of a CFI network; a joint-stock bank subsidiary of n apex of a non-financial cooperative network (U.K., Swizerland); or an entire network of CFI, usually with a relatively high level of integration that holds a banking licence (Netherlands' Rabobank ).

合作金融机构也包括大量名为&合作银行&的机构，&合作银行&通常指拥有银行牌照的合作金融机构，但也包括很多其他机构实体，如：合作金融机构体系中的中央机构；合作金融机构体系的中央机构下属的股份制银行；非金融的合作社体系的中央机构下属的股份制银行；或者整个合作金融网络体系，通常这样的合作金融网络体系融合程度很高，共同拥有一个银行牌照。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。