机制

As the evolution of economics, new classical economics has been grown for three stages in natural monopoly, and they are economics of scales, economics of scopes and subadditivity of costs in turn. We review and analyze these thoughts and theories about natural monopoly, and then forecast the trend of natural monopoly theory based on the new institute economics.

本文在对这些理论加以梳理、分析之后，借助新制度经济学的理论和分析工具，预测了自然垄断理论的发展趋势，那就是自然垄断成因由技术成本因素过度到交易成本因素，自然垄断形成机制是在经济学上的自增强机制以及交易成本约束下的一体化理论下完成的，这与先验性的决定自然垄断然后再在行政上加以规制是不同的。

The mechanisms underlying these biases of subcortical neurons are still under investigation.

视皮层内较强的方位、方向选择性主要是由视皮层内部机制形成的，而皮层下神经元也具有明显的方位、方向敏感性，并对视皮层神经元的方位、方向选择性有初步的贡献，然而这种皮层下方位、方向敏感性的形成机制仍在进一步的探索中。

Combining with the evolution of congestion control mechanisms, the existed technologies for congestion avoidance and recovery in IP networks are reviewed. The unsolved problems and hot spots in subdiscipline, such as TCP flow control, end to end flow control and enhanced mechanism in intermediate nodes, are summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of all kinds of schemes for active queue management are emphatically analyzed. Also the paper presents and discusses the drawbacks of heuristic designin...

以拥塞控制机制演化的历史为线索，回顾了IP网络中已有的拥塞控制技术；总结了TCP流量控制、端到端流量控制和中间节点增强机制等各研究子方向中需要解决的问题；重点分析了主动队列管理这一热点领域中已有策略和算法的优缺点，并在此基础上，归纳和阐述了大多数算法所采用的启发式设计加仿真试验验证的模式存在的不足；提出了应用控制理论中的分析和设计方法研究网络拥塞控制的思路，并给出几个有意义的研究方向

As a main subpopulation of CTL, CD8+CTL can eliminate viral through cytotoxic mechanism and non-cytotoxic mechanism.

CD8+CTL是CTL的主要功能亚群，他们通过细胞毒机制和非细胞毒机制清除病毒。

The relationship between promotion incentive mechanism and the pay-for-performance incentive mechanism is substitutable, but not significant.

以上发现意味着，经营者报酬—绩效激励机制在很大程度上只是辅助性的激励机制，晋升激励仍然是最主要的。

These two series of probes differ in their mechanism of action. The first series exploits the concept of suicide substrate. When the probe is hydrolyzed by the target sulfatase, it will release an intermediate that undergoes elimination to form a reactive quinone methide which in turn reacts with nearby nucleophiles. The second series belongs to an electrophilic reagent which utilizes a cyclic sulfamate moiety serving both as the recognition unit and the trapping device.

这二系列标示分子的主要差异在於其标示机制，第一系列是源自於自杀性受质的概念，利用水解后的中间体会生成高反应性的quinone methide，来达到标示的效果；第二系列则是属於亲核性试剂型，采用环状胺基磺酸衍生物做为辨识端及捕捉机制，预期在其进入酵素的受质结合区后能与酵素催化中心形成共价键结。

The bionic model in the networked manufacturing is studied and the characteristics of networked manufacturing such as openness, unification of the diversity and stability, unification of rival and cooperation, cooperative competition, self-organization and supersystem integration are expounded.

应用共生理论研究了基于网络企业群体的协同进化机制，网络中信息的导航江大学俗士学位论文：邱络化制迫的芳干理论与方法研兜和集成、企业信誉机制的建立能促进连续共生和对称性互惠共生关系的形成，使网络在信息交流方面的优势得到充分利用，形成良好的基于网络的企业生态系统。

In order to supply the lack of the resources allocation police in end to end IP QoS guarantee mechanisms, the approaches to design the police of IntServ and DiffServ are discussed.

通过在用户端实施支持媒体流传输的TCP友好协议，在网络端扩展SCORE机制，提出了支持多媒体业务流的TCP友好SCORE改进机制。

Our main work is as follows: the stable laser mode theory in uniform plasmas is extended to non-uniform plasma cases; the discussion of the sufficient and necessary conditions for laser self-focusing in uniform plasmas is developed to non-uniform plasma cases; a quantitative approach to judge the impact of different plasma density distribution on laser self-focusing is proposed; the evolution properties of asymmetric laser filed in non-uniform and uniform plasmas are discussed and mechanisms that symmetric channel-like plasmas can confine the laser centroid around the plasma channel axes and symmetrize initially asymmetric laser beams are proposed; the formation of solitary standing wave in moderate plasma density is studied by PIC simulations and can be explained by stimulated Raman scattering of laser beams in plasmas.

主要工作为：把均匀等离子体中激光的稳定模理论推广到横向非均匀等离子体情形；把均匀等离子体中激光自聚焦的充分和必要条件的讨论推广到横向非均匀等离子体情形；给出横向密度分布不同的等离子体影响激光自聚焦的定量判据。讨论了初始不对称的激光场在横向非均匀及均匀等离子体中的演化特性，并提出了具有对称腔道结构的等离子体箍缩激光质心和对称化初始不对称激光场的物理机制。用粒子模拟讨论了激光场在等离子体中形成孤立驻波的过程，认为前向受激拉曼散射是发生此现象的可能机制。

Context Multiple pathogenic mechanisms may be involved in generating the migraine symptom complex, and multimechanism-targeted therapy may confer advantages over monotherapy.

背景：偏头痛症候群的产生涉及到多个致病机制，因而，多机制的有目的的治疗方案可能比单一的治疗方案更具优势。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。