机制

Mechanisms evolved to solve specific adaptive problems faced by our ancestors in the environment of evolutionary adaptedness ）这些就是领域特殊性机制（ domain-specific mechanisms

2：机制进化以用来解决我们的祖先在进化适应的环境中所面临的具体的进化问题。

First, it analyzes the background of the economy system and reform of the establishment of composite peasant households financing mechanism; defines the goal that build composite peasant households financing mechanism under the condition of uncertain market system; proposes a basic idea of innovation of peasants households financing mechanism at economy transition period, and outlines the frame content of composite peasant households financing mechanism. Composite peasant households financing mechanisms requests: peasant households which are enterprise management as financing main body, innovative financing means as a core, the market mechanism as a means. Our country must gradually establish a peasant household financing decision-making mechanisms and risk-control mechanisms, and create a favorable environment and conditions for peasant household.

首先分析了经济转型期复合型农户融资机制建立的经济体制背景和改革背景；明确了在市场体系还不够健全的条件下，构建复合型农户融资机制的目标定位；提出了经济转型期农户融资机制创新的基本思路，并勾勒出了复合型农户融资机制的框架内容；复合型农户融资机制应当以企业化经营的农户为融资主体，以创新融资方式为核心，以市场调节机制为手段，逐步建立农户融资决策机制和风险控制机制，并为农户融资创造一个良好的环境条件。

Comparisons between market performance under auction mechanisms and that under market maker mechanisms are made in terms of liquidity, stability, efficiency and transparency. The comparative results show that certain price formation mechanics integrated with specific market environment can affect market performance. The results of the test that is used to verify the liquidity of security market in China indicate that current price formation mechanics can provide the securities market with better liquidity. But the fixation of the minimum changing price lowers the liquidity of the market factitiously and close call auction mechanisms result in increased price fluctuation and price manipulation. Through the analysis on the competitive strategy of securities market, the objects and principles of the design of price formation mechanisms are established.

本文推导出了竞价机制和市商机制下证券市场的均衡价格，结果表明不同的价格形成机制对资产的真实价格有着不同的反映；从证券市场的流动性、稳定性、有效性和透明度等四个方面分别对竞价机制和做市商机制下的市场绩效进行了比较分析，结果表明一定的价格形成机制和特定的市场环境相结合就会对市场绩效产生不同的影响；通过对我国证券市场的流动性进行实证检验，发现当前我国证券市场价格形成机制能够为市场提供较好的流动性，但固定的最小变动价位人为地降低了市场流动性，并且封闭式的开盘集合竞价导致价格波动加大和市场操纵。

It includes the mechanism of making laws and regulations, the mechanism of propagation and education, the mechanism of protecting and planning, the mechanism of accrediting, the mechanism of supervision, and the mechanism of punition.

它包括法律法规制定机制、宣传教育机制、保护规划机制、审批机制、监管机制、处罚机制等。

Therefore, it is time to construct the government mechanism to conserve the historic cities and towns, which includes the mechanism of making laws and regulations, the mechanism of propagation and education, the mechanism of protecting and planning, the mechanism of accrediting, the mechanism of supervision, and the mechanism of punition.

根据我国现实，历史城镇保护的当务之急是构建政府保护机制。它包括法律法规制定机制、宣传教育机制、保护规划机制、审批机制、监管机制、处罚机制等。

There are some key technologies, such as knowledge library, ratiocinative mechanism, learning mechanism, expository mechanism, database and the inter-importing mechanism of neural network and expert system in this intelligent fault diagnosis system. The knowledge library, ratiocinative mechanism and learning mechanism all consist of neural network and expert system, and they should be treated separately.

本智能故障诊断系统有知识库、推理机制、学习机制、解释机制、数据库以及神经网络与专家系统的相互导入机制等关键技术，其中知识库、推理机制和学习机制都包括神经网络与专家系统两个部分，需分别对待。

To deal with various risks in the production of space,local governments have to cease the monopolization in land requisition and expropriation,and establish the balance of interests between correlative groups and national institutions in the circulation of lands.To deal with risks in the games of new society,local governments must adjust the systems and policies concerned,and avoid just scratching the surface of a problem.To deal with risks in reallocation of social resources and social administration concerned with policy output,many local governments already have material condition to effectively break them,and the key is to improve their administerial skills in policy making and implementation.To deal with risks in vicious competition between city governments in urbanization,which are actually the manifest of malfunction of market mechanism,local governments must put the centralization mechanism into full play,and strengthen the social check and balance mechanism,in order to effectively regulate market mechanism and realize the organic interactions between social units,democracy,and market.

要破解地方政府在空间生产中风险重重的局面，必须改变政府在土地征用征收上的独裁专断格局，完善土地流转中各个相关利益群体间的权利均衡以及国家机构间的权力均衡机制；地方政府在新型社会博弈中的风险，也需要相关制度与政策的调整，不能停留在治标不治本的层次；在社会资源再分配与社会管制等政策输出方面的风险，许多地方政府已经具备了有效化解的物质条件，主观上提高政策制定与执行的行政技能是解决此类问题的关键；我国城市政府在发展地方经济推进地方城镇化中的恶性竞争风险，本质上是市场机制失灵的一种表现，必须通过充分运用集权机制、强化社会制约机制从而有效规制市场机制，实现科层、民主、市场三种机制的良性对接，政府、社会、企业三种力量的有机互动，才能解决。

The financial governance is very important for corporate as an independent behavior subject and also interplays with the financial environment and individual characteristics. The financial behavior incentive mechanism is the dynamical mechanism in the selection of financial behavior.

由于企业财务行为是企业对理财环境刺激的反应，企业自身与理财环境都是影响企业财务行为选择的内生变量，都会对企业财务行为产生激励作用，因而企业财务行为激励机制可分为自我激励机制和外部激励机制，前者是企业自身对财务行为的自主的、内在的激励机制，后者是理财环境对财务行为的外在激励机制，这两者是相互影响的，因此应从这两个方面来完善我国企业的财务行为激励机制；财务行为约束机制是财务行为的制衡机制。

On the other hand, the emergency dealing mechanism leaves much to be desired:①the efficacy of emergency preparative system is poor;②t he mechanism for prediction and early-warning is imperfect;③t he communication mechanism is lacking;④t he psychological intervention is absent;⑤the treatment of emergency is not perfect;⑥t he supervision and evaluation is lacking.

另一方面，我军卫勤的应急反应机制仍很不完善：①应急准备机制有待完善；②监测、预警机制尚不健全；③缺乏畅通、便捷的信息保障机制；④缺乏有效的心理干预机制；⑤紧急处置机制仍不够完善；⑥科学、权威的评估机制急需建立。

By the combination of experimental results with theory of crystal growth, some growth models and growth mechanisms were proposed. Research results confirmed that pillar-shaped TaC whisker with spherical droplet at the end grew via a vapor-liquid-solid mechanism, pillar-shaped whisker with pyramid-like end was formed via a vapor-solid mechanism, awl-shaped TaC whisker with zigzag end formed via a liquid-solid mechanism, awl-shaped TaC whisker with growth step at the end has a growth mechanism of screw dislocation mechanism. The growth mechanism of dumbbell-shaped MgO nanowhisker and NaCl particle-decorated MgO nanowhisker is VS; C and MgO powder-yielded MgO nanowhisker was formed via a VLS mechanism, Mg powder-yielded MgO microwhisker and MgO microsized or nanosized crystal sheet grew via a VS mechanism. In the Si and SiO〓 nanostructures, Si nanowires formed in higher-temperature zone grew via oxide-assistant mechanism, while Si nanowires or nanorods formed in lower-temperature zone have a growth mechanism of VLS, and the growth mechanism of SiO〓 nanowires is VS.

研究确定呈平直柱状且头部带有球形颗粒的TaC晶须是通过气-液-固机制生长；头部呈之字型的锥状TaC晶须则通过液-固机制生长；晶须头部为四棱锥状的粗长TaC晶须的生长机制是VS机制；顶端呈锥状且有生长台阶的TaC晶须通过螺位错机制生长；哑铃状氧化镁晶须和氯化钠颗粒修饰的氧化镁纳米晶须的生长机制是气-固机制：当采用C+MgO粉提Mg源时形成的氧化镁纳米晶须的生长机制是VLS，而采用直接热蒸发Mg粉时得到的氧化镁微米晶须的生长机制为VS，纳米和微米晶片的生长机制均为VS机制；在高温区，硅纳米线的生长机制是助氧化机制，在低温区硅纳米线和纳米棒的生长机制是VLS机制，而氧化硅纳米线的生长中VS机制占主导地位。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。