术前

Efficacies were assessed using the Selfrating Anxiety Scale on admission and the preceding day before operation respectively.

对照组给予常规术前准备和告知同意，实验组在给予常规术前准备和告知同意的基础上给予术前认知干预等。

Efficacies were assessed using the self rating anxiety scale on admission and the preceding day before operation respectively.

对照组给予常规术前准备和告知同意，实验组在给予常规术前准备和告知同意的基础上给予术前认知干预等。

Results:Before surgery, 39 patients with paroxysmal pain, after surgery, 84 patients with pain immediately disappeared, reaching 94.4%, 12 patients with mild throat discomfort, 2 patients with cough of short-term drinking water, 1 patient with hoarseness, the follow-up in the 3 months to restore Conclusion:Preoperative care focus on patients with Glossopharyngeal neuralgia are primarily on the preparation and pre-operative pain attack, as much as possible to avoid the attack of the pain, postoperative complications, mainly care, treatment and care through to complications as soon as possible.

结果：39例术前出现发作性疼痛，术后89例患者立即止痛者达94.4%，12例出现轻度咽部不适，2例出现短暂的饮水呛咳，1例出现声音嘶哑，经随访在3个月内恢复。结论：舌咽神经痛术前的护理重点主要是术前准备和疼痛发作，尽量通过治疗和护理的避免疼痛的发作，术后主要是并发症的护理，通过治疗和护理促使并发症的尽快恢复。

objective to discuss perioperative complication and management of patient with high risk copd following esophagectomy.methods 45 patients with high risk copd underwent esophagectomy with epidural block combined with general anesthesia.perioperative treatment included smoking cessation,chest physiotherapy,prevention and control of infection of air way and appropriate bronchodilators of air way,breathing exercises,nutrition support and oxygen therapy.painkiller was instilled after surgery,early exercises,ensuring unobstruction of the air way,mechanical ventilation was applied when needed.results 3 had hypoxaemia in operation.after surgery,all patients had spo2 somewhat declined.6 had lung infection.6 were removed of bronchial secretion by bronchoscope.2 were supported by ventilator by using intubation.2 underwent tracheotomy.1 had disturbances of acid base balance and treated by using hydrochloric acid muriatic acid.all patients recovered rather smoothly and discharged from hospital.conclusion high risk copd is not the absolute contraindication of esophagectomy.active management before and after surgery ensures the safety and recovery of patients.

目的 探讨重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病简称慢阻肺病人食管切除术围手术期常见并发症及其处理。方法 45例重度慢阻肺的病人在全麻联合硬膜外阻滞下进行开胸食管切除手术，围手术期处理包括术前戒烟、胸部理疗、预防和控制呼吸道感染、解痉化痰、呼吸功能锻炼、营养支持和氧疗；术后硬膜外镇痛、早期锻炼、保持呼吸道通畅，部分病人予以呼吸支持。结果术中3例出现低氧血症。术后所有病人pao2均有不同程度的下降，6例出现肺部感染，6例行纤维支气管镜吸痰，2例通过气管插管给予呼吸机支持，2例行气管切开术，1例酸碱平衡紊乱使用盐酸精氨酸治疗。所有病人均痊愈出院。结论重度慢阻肺病人并非开胸食管切除手术的绝对禁忌证，积极的术前准备和严格的术后管理可减少和控制术后急性发作，有助于确保此类病人的围手术期安全和康复。

Patients in the experimental group were applied with Nutrison Fibre as a kind of liquid diet in preoperative bowel preparation and postoperative early（ in 12 - 24 hours） enteral nutritional support. 21 patients in the control group made the bowel preparation by the traditional method of semiliquid -liquid- fasting with infusion and managed with ordinary process after operation.

试验组21例，术前3d口服能全力作术前肠道准备，术后12～24h开始以能全力进行早期EN支持；对照组21例，术前采用传统的半流食-流食-禁食补液方法进行肠道准备，术后给予禁食、输液-流食-半流食过渡。

Dynamic respiratory compliance and total respiratory resistance were measured before surgical incision, after sternal closure in the operating room, and after arrival in the intensive care unit. The following data were recorded: age, weight, preoperative pulmonary infiltrates, preoperative mechanical ventilation, evidence of increased PBF before surgery, duration of CPB, duration of aortic cross-clamp, duration of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, use of steroids, and volume of ultrafiltrate removed.

分别在麻醉诱导后、手术结束关胸后和返回ICU后3个时间点测定患儿的肺动态顺应性和全肺阻力，并记录患儿年龄，体重，术前胸片浸润性改变情况，术前机械通气情况，术前肺血流量增高情况，体外循环时间，主动脉阻闭时间，深低温停循环时间和体外循环中超滤量等参数。

Laser operations of anterior capsulotomy 16 cases of mature stage cataract were performed before extracapsuIar cataract extraction.

其中16例成熟期白内障囊外摘除术前做激光前囊膜切开术；14例未成熟期白内障在做前囊膜切开术的同时做透明皮质乳化术。

Methods: form january 1995 to january 2005, 42 patients with acute respiratory failure (acute respiratory failure group) and 84 random sampling after esophagectomy and cardiectomy were studied. age, sex, smoke index, preoperative respiratory function, preoperative pulmonary and the other complications, hypoproteinemia, the site of anastomosis, duration of operation, postoperative analgesia, postoperative other complications were compared by logistic regression analysis.

将1995年1月～2005年1月期间食管癌、贲门癌术后发生arf的42例患者临床资料，与按1∶2比例随机抽取的同期手术后未发生arf的84例食管癌、贲门癌患者的资料做对照，应用logistic回归分析比较两组患者的年龄、性别、吸烟指数、术前肺功能、术前有无肺部合并症和其它合并症、术前有无低蛋白血症、吻合口位置、手术时间、术后是否镇痛、术后有无其它并发症等与术后发生arf的相关强度，推测可能导致术后arf发生的危险因素。

The position of the primary carcinoma of unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma ofen located in the collum and body of the gallbladder, the position of the primary carcinoma of preoperative diagnosed gallbladder carcinoma ofen located in the body and fundus of the gallbladder. The incidence of Nevin I stage and II stage in unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma was significantly higher than that in preoperative diagnosed gallbladder carcinomaP.

意外胆囊癌的Nevin分期，在Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期的比例均高于术前确诊的胆囊癌，差异有显著意义(P＜0.05)；在Ⅳ期的比例低于术前确诊的胆囊癌，差异有显著意义(P＜0.05)；在Ⅴ期的比例低于术前确诊的胆囊癌，差异有非常显著意义(P＜0.01)。

The changes were observed and anlysised. Results In the normal days and after operation, the far distance binocular vision and near distance stereoacuity were no significant difference between 14 cyclic esotropia cases and normal. In 16 cases of consecutive esotropia, 12 cases had no binocular vision before operation, and after operation, simultaneous perception were acquired in 16 cases (100%), fusional power in l6 cases (100%) while the range of fusion was lower than normal, far distance stereoscopic vision in 10 cases (62.5%), near distance stereoscopic vision in 8 cases (50%).

观察术前、术后的远双眼视觉，近立体视锐度变化：结果 14例周期性内斜视患者术前正位日及术后远双眼视觉及近立体视锐度与正常人群相比无显著性差异。16例恒定性内斜视术前12例(75%)无双眼视觉，术后16例(100%)具有同时知觉能力，16例(100%)可获得融合力，但融合范围低于正常人群。10例(62.5%)获远立体视，8例(50%)获得不同程度近立体视。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新