本地的

For the less adventuresome, normally there are bus tours or supervised shopping excursions in the local port.

对於不冒险，通常有巴士游览或购物游览的监督，在本地端口。

A method for carrying out transparent transmission service of elastic packet ring includes setting station table and interface table in RPR station of EPR, finalizing top ring retransmitting process based on MPLS countermark by matching MPLS countermark in service frame to station table to obtain MAC address of correlated EPR station according to topological retransmission table of station, finalizing bottom ring process based on MPLS countermark by matching MPLS countermark in service frame to interface table to obtain correlated local Ethernet interface number.

本发明公开了一种弹性分组环透传业务的方法及装置，方法包括：在每一个弹性分组环RPR站点中，建立一张具有MPLS标签与弹性分组环站点关联关系的站点表以及一张具有MPLS标签与本地以太网接口关联关系的接口表；通过将业务帧中的MPLS标签与所述站点表进行匹配获得关联的弹性分组环站点的MAC地址，并根据站点的拓扑转发表，完成基于MPLS标签的上环转发处理；通过将业务帧中的MPLS标签与所述接口表进行匹配获得关联的本地以太网接口号，完成基于MPLS标签的下环处理。

The local peasant undergoes the process of class differentiation within rural village. From the 1980s onwards, they are under the pressure of proletarianization. They lost farm land and advantages in local market. These transformations change the social division of labor in rural village. The only way against this process is the expansion of village government and its administrative power. The need of strengthening security force leads to more recruitment of young people. It mitigates the pressure of proletarianization and forms the basis of the local society.

至於本地农民，他们经历了农村内部的阶级分化。80年代后，农民面对无产阶级化压力增加，农民失去土地，在地方市场上也开始失去优势，这些正在改变著农村的社会分工，唯一减慢或转化这个过程的是，农村基层组织的膨胀及吸纳，由於其基层管理权力的膨胀，以及加强治安能力的需要，增聘了不少年青劳动力，稍为纾缓了部份无产阶级化的压力，同时形成了本地社群的基础。

According to some worker activists /representatives dealing with the local labor bureaus, when receiving a complaint, the officials would simply check if the actual wages workers received would be able to cover all hours s/he worked in the factory using a calculation based on the local legal minimum wage, instead of the scale of her/his real wages.

根据中的一些处理本地劳动局的工人激进主义分子/representatives，当收到一来自的抱怨的时候，官员将如果接待的真实工资工人将能所有的小时，s/他用工厂工作使用把一代替以为单位的刻度的她的/他的实际工资的计算建立在本地法律上最低工资的基础上的代替简单检查。

By this means,the city s products will meet the requirements of the market;the sources of raw materials will be irrestrictive by local resources,forming a rational industrial structure with great adaptability to the international e-conomic development and more momentum for development. Sustained development of economy will be realized. Therefore,such basic countermeasures should be taken. Strategic developing programme for sustained economic developmentshould be worked out timely and scientifically. Great attention should be attached to the development of processing industry.

盘锦市经济实现持续发展应遵循的总体思路是：在充分利用当地现有石油资源的同时，建立和发展不依赖当地资源的其它产业或行业，拓宽经济收入的来源，尽快减少对当地资源的依赖并最终完全摆脱对当地资源的依赖，从而形成一个产品广泛适应市场需要、原料来源不受本地资源状况制约、产业结构合理6够适应世界总体经济形势的发展变化、具有较强经济实力和发展后劲的地区经济，实现本地经济的持续发展。

This paper therefore examines the development of "the folklore Pai-Chang of Peking opera aria in Tainan city" through literature review depth-interview oral history and participant observation The concept frame is culture organism as the vertical axle and elements of a folklore activity as the transverse axle There are several significant findings about the general picture of this subject: During the late period of Japanese colonial era Tainan local people who played Peguan music learned Peking opera aria and tried to bring Peking opera aria into the folklore Pai-Chang which was one kind performance and traditional custom of Peguan music Some people who came from other places and played Peking opera aria had also known or learned "Pai-Chang" with touching Tainan local amateurs "Pai-Chang" used to be performed by amateurs for worship of god or goddess or for seasoning and wedding celebration without rewards Amateurs volunteered to perform "Pai-Chang" only for their duty temples and fraternity of Peking opera aria The majority of the audience is people who perform or like "Pai-Chang" or who live nearby There is a fixed pattern of the performance including the repertoire and the arrangement of the band The main meaning of this performace is to pray God's blessings therefore the procedure of "Ban-Hsian" is the most essential and ahead of Peking opera aria singing With time goes by the number of the amateurs has dropped; yet the demand for the worship ceremony remains; hence some of the amateurs have been trained to become professional performers Besides although the idea and the meaning of "Pai-Chang" remains the pattern of the performance has become simplified and rigid which is because of the performers' number decreasing and market adapting Nowadays the whole ecosystem of the folklore Pai-Chang of Peking opera aria in Tainan city keep changing which is mainly influenced by the transition of the society(such as the time and space of the industrial and commercial society being compressed and most people's pursuing of specialization and utilitarianism etc ) According to the findings in this paper the phenomenon can be regarded as the subject matter both of Peking opera and folklore studies For the studies of the Taiwanese culture however the subject not only enriches the subject matters of the Taiwanese culture(signifies the localization of Peking opera and a new pattern of Taiwanese folklore) but also reflects the characters of diversification integration adaptation and compromise of Taiwanese culture which used to be influenced by different regimes and the historical contexts Facing such a multicultural context this paper thus suggests researchers should show an open-minded attitude toward the complex of the Taiwanese culture studies and then important phenomenon would not be ignored or misunderstood

代表了什麼意义？对於上述疑惑，查既有研究成果，不消没有论述者，具体提即「京调排场」现象的可说没有，基於此，有必要对台南市及其周边之民俗性京调排场，不管是语汇来由或者其现象本身，做一番研究。本研究透过文献、访谈、口述史、参与观察等方法，以文化有机体之纵的发展概念为经，以民俗表演之横切面各主客要素为纬，试图先对此文化现象调查并推论出一概貌：台南市民俗性京调排场的形成，是在京调传入台南，台南本地北管子弟改习或兼习京调后，结合北管音乐文化所固有的排场表演型态及民俗演出传统，融合而成，形成时间至迟在日治晚期。而一些不同时期的外来京调人士(如原本生长於其他地区、后移住台湾的票友，和中国大陆琴师等等)，也曾透过与当地子弟的接触，而习得或知晓「排场」语汇以及本地京调排场习俗者。此项音乐民俗表演在过往多由业余子弟於神诞或民众婚俗做寿时，对其有义务或交陪的庙宇及子弟间做酬酢性的演出，不收报酬；聆赏者多是京调同好与邻近民众，也有少数路过者；演出模式包括节目安排、乐队编制皆有一定；表演意涵上以「扮仙」祈求神明赐福人间最为重要，因此排仙必不可少，且一定先於京调演唱。随著时间推移，京调排场表演活动的各要素都有变动，惟变迁速度不一，大体而言，业余表演者锐减，人们对酬神娱神节目的需求仍在，因此一些过往的业余表演者遂逐渐转型为职业表演者。此外，虽然表演意涵不变，但在职业表演人员少、又要适应市场的情况下，表演模式亦逐渐流於简化、僵化。目前京调排场整体生态仍在转变的过程中，而这种变化应与工商社会时间空间的被压缩、事事追求专业化与尼Q化等因素有关。再者，据此概貌，在结论部分厘清其意义、定位以及其对台湾文化研究之启示。台南市及其周边之民俗性京调排场现象，可视为京剧研究与民俗研究的一环，然而对於台湾文化研究，除了其题材本身标志了京剧的本土化与台湾民俗活动之新类型，进一步扩充整体台湾文化研究的内容外，更重要的是现象背后所反映的台湾文化的多元融合与妥协适应取向。台湾的海岛地理位置与长期被不同文化背景政权所殖民的历史，其文化自然容易随社会环境改变而弹性适应变迁，呈现多元纷呈、多重覆叠的特色，因此展望未来，从事台湾文化研究应秉除单一观点，保持一定程度之开放与客观胸襟，方不忽视或误识更多重要的文化现象。

Nowadays is an era of economization and information, more and more people would like to live in the place nearby waterhead and beautiful landscape. Zoology of this place is fragile, and easily invaded by disaster. When anti-disaster investment is implemented at this place, disaster fatalness is degraded, environmental quality is improved, more and more people move to this place, more and more enterprise invest over there, what all this will help to raise land-value and promote area flourish. This is the indirect effect caused by anti-disaster investment.

在当今经济化和信息化的时代，人们更希望居住在靠近水源、山川秀丽的地方，而这此地方往往生态脆弱、易受灾害侵袭，对这些地区进行防灾投资，可以使该地区受灾的危险性降低，环境质量得到改善，从而促使更多的家庭来本地落户、更多的企业来本地投资，促进了地价的上扬和地区的繁荣，这是防灾投资的间接效果。

Technological tools,hotel guests used to rely on the concierge at their desionation to orient them to their new surroundings and connect them with tourist destinations,specialized shopping,gourmet restaurants,business services and serve a myriad other needs,twenty years ago.when i first started as a concierge in Washington., DC,concierges developed huge Rolodexes of contacts locally,nationally and internationally,in order to answer every request for help.we kept huge libraries of resources at our desks,telephone books,atlases,five inch thick guides to hotels around the world,a dictionary,and fight schedules for national and international travel,restaurant guides,an incredible amount of brochures on local attractions and so on.almost all of which are now replaced by computer access Back then,when a new challenge was made to a concierge, it could sometimes take hours of telephone calls to research an answer, as the chef concierge at the Park Hyatt Washington during the early 1990's,I remember getting a request from a VIP guest from the Middle East.

以前，宾客抵达目的地后，要靠礼宾员带路才能到达自己的下榻之地，并需要礼宾员指明旅游景点、专卖店、美食餐馆、商务服务以及其它各种需求。二十年前，当我第一次在华盛顿特区从事礼宾职业时，礼宾员需要收集大量本地、全国及国际联系人的名片，以便回答宾客提出的各种请求。我们的办公桌上堆满了各种参考资源，例如电话簿、地图册、五英寸厚的全球酒店指南、词典、全国和国际旅行的航班时刻表、餐馆指南，还有大量本地风景名胜的手册，等等。但现在，这些东西都已经被电脑取代。以前，如果礼宾员遇到新的问题，可能需要打几个小时的电话才能找到答案。20世纪90年代，我在华盛顿柏悦酒店担任礼宾领班，我记得有一个中东来的VIP贵宾向我提出了一个请求。

Its final target is to fully digitize the analogue receiver. The all digital receiver not just means digitizing every unit of the analogue receiver, but is a new receiver architecture. The two outstanding characters of this new architecture is: 1 It uses a high stable oscillator to generate a fixed frequency source. And both the sample signal and the local carrier required are obtained from it. 2 Once the received signal has been sampled by a high speed A/D converter, some digital signal processing algorithms will be used to realize all further processes, such as digital down-converting, match filtering, symbol timing, channel equalizing, carrier synchronizing, demodulating and decoding.

全数字接收机并不是简单地将传统的模拟接收机中所有的部件数字化的结果，而是一种全新的接收机体系结构，这种新的体系结构具有两个最为突出的特点：1）采用高稳定度晶体振荡器产生一个固定的本地频率源，接收机中所需的采样时钟信号和本地载波均从这一固定频率源得到；2）接收信号一旦经过高速模数转换后，余下的工作如频率变换、匹配滤波、定时同步、信道均衡、载波同步、符号解调、判决与译码等全部由数字信号处理算法来实现。

Considering disadvantaged groups born after 1980s have been becoming the majority force of Cainozoic Era's labor force in the labor market, therefore, analyzing the structure of employment substitution between migrant workers and local workers, urban workers and rural workers of the disadvantaged groups, especially constructing the mechanism of conflict prevention during their employment vicarious interaction has become a valuable research.

考虑到&80后&弱势群体作为新生代的劳动力正在陆续进入就业的高峰期，因此，&80后&弱势群体中&外地工&与&本地工&、&农民工&与&城市工&的就业内部替代格局的分析，特别是&外地工&与&本地工&、&农民工&与&城市工&替代性就业互动的冲突预防机制的建构成为了颇具研究价值的课题。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。