未免疫的

To investigate whether the expression of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in spermatogenic cells during spermatogenesis is actually a temperature dependent event, in situ hybridization, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry analysis were used to study the expression of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in normal and cryptorchid testis. Results showed that heat would differentially hurt male germ cells in different developmental stages during spermatogenesis, especially the pachytene primary spermatocytes. Most of spermatogonia in contralateral cryptorchid testis were not harmed fatally by heat as yet, indicating that spermatogonia could resist to beat to a certain extent. In this case spermatogonia could develop to pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocytes, but they could not acquire the ability to complete the transition from mitosis to meiosis, and then appeared to go through apoptosis. Therefore, we could not find the descendants of meiosis: secondary spermatocytes and round spermatids, elongated spermatids and spermatozoon. The abdominal temperature had no significant influence on the transcription of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in the spermatogonia and pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocytes. In normal rabbit testis, cyclin B1 increased in the pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocytes before meiosis and reached its peak in the spermatids.

为了解精子正常发生过程中cdc2和cyclin B1表达的低温依赖性，我们利用原位杂交和免疫组化等方法，研究了正常和隐睾精子发生过程中cdc2和cyclin B1的转录和翻译调控活动，结果表明：（1）热对各阶段的雄性生殖细胞都有损害，粗线期的初级精母细胞尤为敏感，实验性隐睾内的精原细胞尚未完全受到"致命"影响，说明精原细胞对热有一定的耐受性，但即使成为粗线期／双线期初级精母细胞，却未能获得由有丝分裂过渡到减数分裂的能力，呈现不同程度的凋亡，所以在整个切片中找不到源自减数分裂的产物----次级精母细胞、圆形精子细胞，更谈不上长形精子细胞和精子的形成；（2）腹腔高温未明显地影响隐睾精原细胞和粗线期/双线期初级精母细胞中cyclinB1和cdc2的转录，说明高温并不是通过影响cyclin B1和cdc2的转录活动而导致生精过程阻断的；（3）正常兔睾丸组织中，〓在精原细胞和粗线期／双线期精母细胞中均有表达：cyclin B1蛋白在减数分裂前期的粗线期／双线期初级精母细胞中的表达量增加，于变态末期的精子细胞中达高峰。

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of mPGES-2 protein in mouse oviduct during the early pregnancy, pseudopregnancy, and estrous cycle by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The regulation of mPGES-2 protein in mouse oviducts was also studied under delayed implantation, steroid hormonal treatments and oviductal ligation.

本实验主要利用早期妊娠、假孕、输卵管结扎、发情周期、激素调节以及延迟着床等实验模型，结合免疫组织化学和Western blot 的实验方法，详细研究了mPGES-2 蛋白在小鼠输卵管中的表达与调节。mPGES-2 蛋白主要定位于不同时期的伞部和壶腹部的上皮纤毛细胞中，在伞部和壶腹部肌层以及峡部和宫管连接处的上皮和肌层中未检测到mPGES-2 蛋白的表达。

To determine the effectiveness of combining laser therapy with an immunosuppressive approach, the investigators recruited 14 subjects, aged 12 to 63 years, with Fitzpatrick skin types II to IV and having had vitiligo for a minimum of three months. A total of 43 vitiliginous lesions were randomized to receive either 308-nm excimer laser monotherapy twice weekly for six weeks or the laser sessions plus topical 0.1% tacrolimus ointment applied twice daily. Treated lesions were matched with untreated lesions on the subjects' opposite side.

为了确定结合雷射治疗与免疫抑制方式的效果，研究人员徵集14位受试者，年龄从12到63岁，患有Fitzpatrick皮肤类型II到VI的、而且有白斑至少3个月以上的患者；总共有43个白斑病灶被随机分派接受每周两次的308－nm准分子雷射治疗持续六周，或是雷射治疗加上0.1%局部tacrolimus软膏每天涂抹两次；治疗后的病灶再与受试者另外一边未接受治疗的病灶相比较。

Three weeks afer the allografting,there was no significant difference between the two al lografting groups in maximum load(P＞0.05),Eight weeks later,the maximum load of the group that was preserved by liquid nitrogen after program freezing(76.60±4.67)N was better than the group that was preserved by －80℃ deepfrozen(75.99±4.20) and similar with the autografting group(76.72±2.55).4.The healing process and histological behavior of the two deepfrozen groups are similar with the autografting group,and the program freezing group is better.

结果 a经程序冷冻液氮保存方法处理后，髌腱的最大载荷无明显下降，细胞活性得到了较好的保存，组织学观察冷冻损伤较－80℃深低温保存方法轻微；b程序冷冻液氮保存处理的移植物在术后未表现明显的排斥反应，且免疫反应随时间的推移而下降；c移植后3周，各组移植物的最大载荷无显著差异(P＞0.05)，移植后8周，程序冷冻液氮保存组移植物的最大载荷(55.87±1.86)N优于－80℃深低温保存组(52.14±2.79)，而和自体移植组相近(57.70±2.76)N；d从组织学观察看，－80℃深低温保存组和程序冷冻液氮保存组移植后的愈合过程均和自体移植组相似，而程序冷冻液氮保存组的愈合过程和组织学行为更接近于自体移植组。

Results 1.After treated by:program freezing,the maximum load of the allografts has no evident decrease and the cell activity of allografts was preserved well,the frozen hurt after program freezing was more slight than －80℃ deepfrozen,2.No evident reject reaction can be seen during the healing process after deep frozen and the reject reaction declined as the time pass by.3.Three weeks afer the allografting,there was no significant difference between the two al lografting groups in maximum load(P＞0.05),Eight weeks later,the maximum load of the group that was preserved by liquid nitrogen after program freezing(76.60±4.67)N was better than the group that was preserved by －80℃ deepfrozen(75.99±4.20) and similar with the autografting group(76.72±2.55).4.The healing process and histological behavior of the two deepfrozen groups are similar with the autografting group,and the program freezing group is better.

结果 a经程序冷冻液氮保存方法处理后，髌腱的最大载荷无明显下降，细胞活性得到了较好的保存，组织学观察冷冻损伤较－80℃深低温保存方法轻微；b程序冷冻液氮保存处理的移植物在术后未表现明显的排斥反应，且免疫反应随时间的推移而下降；c移植后3周，各组移植物的最大载荷无显著差异(P＞0.05)，移植后8周，程序冷冻液氮保存组移植物的最大载荷(55.87±1.86)N优于－80℃深低温保存组(52.14±2.79)，而和自体移植组相近(57.70±2.76)N；d从组织学观察看，－80℃深低温保存组和程序冷冻液氮保存组移植后的愈合过程均和自体移植组相似，而程序冷冻液氮保存组的愈合过程和组织学行为更接近于自体移植组。

The basolateral M cell surface is invaginated to form an intracellular central pocket into and out of which lymphocytes and macrophages.

M细胞是一种特化的上皮细胞，多分布于Peyer's结圆顶区的周边，FAE的顶端未见M细胞；其结构有别于相邻的肠上皮细胞，表面没有长而整齐的微绒毛，取而代之的是粗而短的微皱褶，胞质内终末网不发达，溶酶体较少，基底膜向顶部穹隆状突起，形成一&口袋&样结构，其中含有多个免疫活性细胞。

Preliminary research shows that supplemental vitamin A improves the likelihood that the measles vaccine will provide protection. 6 Vitamin A has, since the 1920s, been the subject of much research into the prevention and treatment of childhood exanthems, particularly measles. 7 This nutrient has a critical role in proper immune function , and there is evidence that supplementation with vitamin A reduces the incidence and severity of, and deaths from, childhood measles. 8 9 The World Health Organization has therefore recommended that children with signs of deficiency receive supplementation with vitamin A. The recommended amounts are 100,000 IU for children younger than one year and 200,000 IU for children older than one year, immediately upon diagnosis, and repeated once the next day and once in one to four weeks.

11初步研究表明，补充维生素A的可能性，提高麻疹疫苗将提供保护。6维生素A已自20世纪20年代，被纳入预防和童年exanthems，特别是麻疹治疗中的许多研究课题。7本养分有在适当的关键作用免疫功能，并有证据表明，补充维生素A减少发病率和严重程度，以及，儿童麻疹死亡。8 9世界卫生组织已因此，建议与不足的迹象儿童得到补充与维生素A的建议金额10万国际单位的儿童未满一年，20万国际单位的儿童一年以上，立即诊断，重复一遍，第二天，一次在1至4周。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。