有的放矢

In materials science there is also an emphasis on developing and using knowledge to understand how the properties of materials can be controllably designed by varying the compositions, structures, and the way in which the bulk and surfaces phase materials are processed.

材料科学也强调开发和利用知识，了解如何通过改变成分、结构、以及液相和固相材料的加工方法来有的放矢地设计材料特性。

Other than going in and out exhaustedly the special classes beyond the capability of the children, it's better to carry out some purposeful parent-child games which combine learning and playing together and direct the children very naturally.

家长与其带着孩子在各种拔苗助长的特长班之间疲于奔命，不如有的放矢地进行寓教于乐的亲子游戏，使其在学中玩，玩中学，顺其自然，因势利导。

Pragmatic presupposition determines the choice of information focus and its position in a sentence,organizes the discourse into a coherent whole,concise,clear and smooth,and achieves the expected stylistic effects.in college english teaching,if teachers teach the knowledge about pragmatic presupposition in listening teaching,introduce the frequently-seen patterns of presupposition, increase the presuppositional sensitivity of students to certain words and structures,guide students to use the theory on presuppositional information to make forecasts on base of written listening material,listen purposefully,and get rid of the distraction of the minor and redundant information,the ability of students to obtain major information and linguistic inference will be strengthened and their listening competence will improve remarkably.george yule divided presuppositional triggers into factive presupposition,non-factive presupposition,counter-factive presupposition,existential presupposition,lexical presupposition and structural presupposition.presuppositional triggers are helpful for us to understand the true intention of the speaker or writer.in college english reading teaching,if teachers introduce the discourse organizing function of pragmatic presupposition and the relevant presupposition triggers,and teach students to use these triggers to communicate with the writer,the comprehension competence of students will be greatly enhanced.the essential function of presupposition is to build a framework for the further development of discourse.in college english writing teaching,teachers can use the theory on pragmatic presupposition to construct a handy training program for textual organization,increase the textual coherence, economy and structural perfection of the english writings by students.in college english translation teaching,teachers should focus on developing the pragmatic presuppositional thinking of students,enable them to grasp the presupposed information in source text / speech exactly,understand the original thoroughly,correctly reorganize and reproduce the pragmatic presuppositions in the target language,carry out the functional equivalence in translation and successfully realize the smooth and accurate communication.with the instruction of pragmatic presupposition in college english teaching,the complete understanding and integral acquisition of english and chinese of students will come true.in conclusion,to implement the curriculum requirements for college english teaching promulgated by the ministry of education of china,we should emphasize the instruction of the theory on pragmatic presupposition in college english teaching,carry it through from beginning to end.it's one of the important means to realize the college english teaching reform, improve the effects of college english teaching,strengthenr the practical and integrative language abilities of students,in order to cultivate the compound talents to adapt to the global integration and meet the requirements of the reform and opening in china.

在大学英语教学中，教师将语用预设知识贯穿于听力教学过程中，讲授一些常出现的预设类型，提高学生对一些特定的词语和结构的预设敏感度，引导学生运用预设信息理论对听力文字材料进行预测，有的放矢，排除次要、冗余信息的干扰，增强获取主要信息的能力和语言推理能力，从而提。。。更多高学生的听力理解水平。george yule将预设触发语分为事实预设、非事实预设、反事实预设、存在预设、词汇预设和结构预设，触发语有助于我们在阅读当中理解作者的真正用意。在大学英语阅读教学中，介绍语用预设的语篇组织功能和有关的预设触发语，并利用触发语来与作者进行交流，会极大地提高阅读理解能力。预设的基本功能就是为语篇的进一步发展建立一个框架。利用语用预设理论可以为大学英语写作教学构建一个易于操作的篇章组织训练方法，提高学生英语写作的语篇连贯性，经济性和结构优化。在大学英语翻译教学中，注重培养学生的语用预设思维，准确把握源语的前提信息，透彻理解原文，使语用预设在目的语中正确重组和再现，实现翻译的功能对等，交际的流畅性和准确性，并增强学生对英汉双语的全面性认识和整体性习得。综上所述，为更好地贯彻和实施教育部颁布的《大学英语课程教学要求》，在大学英语教学中重视语用预设理论的传授，使语用预设贯穿于大学英语教学的始终，是实现大学英语教学改革的重要手段，改善大学英语教学效果，增强学生的实用综合语言能力，培养符合全球一体化趋势，适应改革开放要求的复合型人才。

Under the base of investigation and research on natural radioactive nuclein in coal of Yili area,combining with the distributing characteristic and law of radioactive nuclein in coal of area and residents' customer of using coal in Yili area,the article raises decrement,resources,harmless and prevention and control measure of whole course managing rule with having a definite object in view and put foward a feasible plan and way for economie developmant of Yili area,resonable development and utilization of coal resources,preventing from pollution because of mining and utilizing coal and further protecting people's health.

文摘：在对伊犁地区煤中天然放射性核素调查研究的基础上，结合伊犁地区煤中放射性核素分布的特点、规律以及伊犁地区居民的用煤习惯，有的放矢的提出了减量化、资源化、无害化以及全过程管理原则的防治措施，为伊犁地区的经济发展，煤炭资源的合理开发和利用，防止因煤炭的开采利用而造成的污染，建设性的提出了切实可行的方案和途径。

Evaluating innovation system ability of state-owned coal mines that is predeterminative condition of building high yield and high efficiency innovation system of state-owned coal mine and constituting definitely innovation stratagem of coal mine.

评价国有煤矿创新系统能力是建设高产、高效的国有煤矿创新系统和有的放矢地制定国有煤矿创新战略的先决条件。

A statement, issued jointly by the Ministries of Construction, Finance and Supe...

所以，在这个阶段中，一定要合理安排复习计划，避免盲目的题海战术，有的放矢，合。。。

Commencing from the actual inquisition and aiming at the reality of teenager's crime, the writer puts forward the following counterplots to reslove this problem---the improvement of the family environment ;the exaltation of parents' character; raising the teenager's self-character; making the family structure better; raisig the quality of the family marriage ;altering the conception of family,marriage, morals, ethics and so on; improving the economic function of family; making the spirit function of family healthiness; strengthening the function of home education etc.

笔者从实际调查入手，针对青少年违法犯罪的现实，提出了改善家庭环境，提高家长的素质，提高青少年的自身素质，优化家庭结构，提高家庭婚姻的质量，改变自身的家庭、婚姻、道德、伦理等观念，改善家庭经济功能，健全家庭精神功能，加强家庭教育功能等有的放矢的具体对策。

Commencing from the actual inquisition and aiming at the reality of teenager's crime, the writer puts forward the following counterplots to reslove this problem---the improvement of the family environment ;the exaltation of parents' character; raising the teenager's self-character; making the family structure better; raisig the quality of the family marriage ;altering the conception of family,marriage, morals, ethics and so on; improving the economic function of family; making the spirit function of family healthiness; strengthening the function of home educatio

笔者从实际调查入手，针对青少年违法犯罪的现实，提出了改善家庭环境，提高家长的素质，提高青少年的自身素质，优化家庭结构，提高家庭婚姻的质量，改变自身的家庭、婚姻、道德、伦理等观念，改善家庭经济功能，健全家庭精神功能，加强家庭教育功能等有的放矢的具体对策。

Your take on McHale was 100 percent right, and your debunking of Zeke and his crybabies was 150% on target.

你对McHale的观点100%正确，你对Zeke和他的那些抱怨者的揭露也是有的放矢。

On this basis, this paper reconstructs the teaching content of the serial courses of financial accounting.

在明确了教学目标的基础上，规范教学内容，才能有的放矢，进而进行教学手段、方法的改革。

Finally, according to market conditions and market products this article paper analyzes the trends in the development of camera technology, and designs a color night vision camera.

最后根据市场情况和市面上产品的情况分析了摄像机技术的发展趋势，并设计了一款彩色夜视摄像机。

Only person height weeds and the fierce looks stone idles were there.

只有半人深的荒草和龇牙咧嘴的神像。