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BACKGROUND: Some scholars have used finite element analysis to simulate spinal biodynamics. But there are few reports on finite element imitation of lumbar biodynamics system before and after artificial disc replacement.

背景：国内外已有学者将有限元分析用于脊柱的生物力学模拟，但对人工椎间盘置换前后腰椎生物力学系统的有限元模拟报道较少。

The study has shown:(1) With increasing sediment depth and the woody giblets, the total organic carbon, the extraction of benzene , the total humic acids and the unhydrolyte are enhanced, while the hydrolyte is decreasing.(2) According to the GC-MS analysis, n-alkane,n-alkan-2-ones and n-alkanones are composed mainly of long-chains,such a result is thought to be characteristic of a herbaceous input from 2300a.B.P. n-alkanones exist in the samples may be considered as the evidence of microorganisms activity.(3) It is showed that the lipids is more sensitive to the climate change than the floristic. The proxy of the pollen spore of the peat stratum is different from the normal environment proxy. It is one of the main reasons that the sensitivity difference of the bog vegetation reacting to the climate isn't accordant with the log of the fat molecule fossil and biology fossil.(4) The transformation of the peat organic carbon is under the influence of temperature,acidity,organic material constituting, etc, and it showed the up-trend with the depth. In the short-term scale, the conversion of the peat organic carbon is effected by seasonal water,regional climate and vegetations; while in the long-term scale, it is controlled mainly by the climate.(5) According to the comparing the orderliness of organic compound,vegetation giblets with the depth to the characteristics of the peat molecule fossil with the section, in the development of this peatmire, 1500a B.P（210cm）is regard as the borderline of the late Holocene, the keynote of the front period is warm with several cold fluctuations, and the trend of the back period is dry and cold although there were several fluctuations.

研究表明：（1）随深度的增高及植物残体中木本残体的增多，总有机碳、苯萃取物、总腐植酸、不被水解物含量逐渐增高，而易水解物含量减少；（2）GC- MS分析显示，正构烷烃，直链烷基2-酮和正烷醇均以长链组分为主，揭示了该泥炭柱剖面2347a.B.P的母源输入以草本植物为主；甲基酮类和短链正烷醇的存在是微生物活性很大的生物证据；（3）通过有机分子标志物与孢粉、植物残体等指标的对比研究表明：脂类化合物对气候变化的反映要比植物种灵敏得多，不同沼泽植物对气候变化的敏感性的差异是脂类分子化石记录与生物大化石结果很难一致的主要原因之一；（4）泥炭有机碳的转化受到温度、酸度、有机物质组成等很多因素的影响，短时间尺度，泥炭有机碳的转化受季节性降水、地方气候和植被等因素的影响；长时间尺度，泥炭地有机碳的转化，受气候条件控制；（5）总结泥炭分子化石特征、泥炭有机质各组分含量及植物残体组成随深度的变异规律，分析结果显示该泥炭地层形成过程中，1500a B.P（210cm）可作为划分前后晚全新世的界线，前期的基调是气候偏暖，但又有几次偏干冷气候的反复，后期气候以干冷为主，其间虽有几次上升波动，但整体趋势不变。

Treat your carnivorous plant kindly. It is a carnivore, not a herbivore, and you yourself can serve as food for carnivores.

善待你的食肉植物，它嗜肉，是株肉食生物，不是草食生物，你也有可能成为它口器下的亡魂。

Hydrogenases are key enzyme for bio-hydrogen production, most of them were rapidly inactivated by oxygen. It is important to bio-hydrogen production and hydrogen application that improve the O2-tolerance of hydrogenase.

氢酶是生物制氢的关键酶，大多数氢酶因对氧极敏感而易失活，因此提高氢酶的氧耐受性对生物制氢有重要意义。

The resul ts indicated:(1) When micrococcus existed,carbon steel corrosion was accelerated by a loose and heterogeneous biofilm formed on its surfaces;(2)Rpo an d Cc values were close after two days and four days immersion respectively in solutions with micrococcus,which indicated that the metabolization of bacteria became sta ble,and the biofilms under two conditions were tend to be ripe and accordant;(3) The equivalent circuits for situations without or with bacteria were proposed respectively,and the parameters in circuits were also calculated;and (4) Corrosi on reaction impedance with micrococcus showed dispersion effect.

结果表明：（1）小球菌存在时试样表面上所形成的疏松、不均匀的生物膜加速了碳钢的腐蚀过程；（2）有菌存在时暴露2 d、4 d的Rpo值和C c值较为接近，表明细菌的生长代谢过程渐趋于稳定，两种暴露条件下所形成的生物膜趋向于成熟一致；（3）分别提出了有菌和无菌条件下EIS的等效电路，并计算了相应的等效元件参数；（4）小球菌影响下腐蚀反应的阻抗行为存在弥散效应。

To keep certain number of greater patches through protection and restoration in urban area is meaningful;(2) small greenland patches with diverse structure may promote the heterogeneity of urban landscape, and serve as colonial land and stepping stones for certain populations, and create rich types of habitats and ecological niches. So laying small patches in urban environment is also important. Incorporation of the coarse grain and fine grain, aggregation and outliner of landscape elements may creates better landscape patterns;(3) many literatures have showed that good landscape connectivity benefits the longer persistence of species and the conservation of biodiversity.

大的绿地斑块有多种作用，通过城市地区自然景观斑块的保护或城市绿地的建设，在城市中维持一定的较大规模的绿地斑块是有积极意义的；（2）结构不同的小的绿地斑块可增加城市的景观异质性，为生物提供迁徙地、扩散暂歇地，创造丰富的生境资源和生态位，因此，结合大的绿地斑块的建设，同时布置小的绿地斑块作为补充，粗粒、细粒结合，集聚、分散结合是形成优良绿地景观格局的途径；（3）诸多的文献已显示，好的景观连接性有利于物种持续较长的时间，从而有利于生物多样性的保护。

The lab is capable of quarantine hazardous biology such as : Phytophthora sojea , Tilletia controversa , Bursaphelenchus xylophilus , Sorghum halepense , Acanthoscelides obtectus , Bean Pod mottle virus , and practising diagnosis akabane disease , leukaemia bovum,paratuberculosis and other hazardous animal disease;detection of listeria monocytogenes , staphylococcus aureus and salmonella etc in food;examination of transgenic products such as soybean , rapeseed , corn etc and detection of bovine ,sheep and goat -derived for preventing bovine spongiferm encephalopathy .

检测的项目主要有：大豆疫病、小麦矮腥黑穗病菌、松材线虫、假高梁、菜豆象、菜豆英斑驳病毒等植物危险性有害生物，赤羽病、白血病、副结核等动物危险性有害生物，单增李斯特氏菌，金黄色葡萄球菌，沙门氏菌等致病性食品微生物，大豆、油菜籽、玉米等转基因产品，以及预防疯牛病的牛羊源成分检测等。

It can be expected that modified silvering fiber probes have better biocompatibility and is suitable for further application in vivo.

结果表明，经修饰的探针有较好的生物相容性，预期检测过程中对生物活体造成影响很小。

The low temperature biofilm was composed of physchrotrophs, Through the experiments of isolation and identification, 8 strains of physchrotrophs were obtained from biofilm, they are Comamonas、Flavobacterium、Arthrobacter、Bacillus、Micrococcus、Pseudomonas、Achromobacter and Vibrio.

低温生物膜的活性主要来自其上面的低温微生物，分离鉴定试验结果表明，组成低温生物膜的微生物主要有8种，发现它们分别属于丛毛单胞菌属、黄杆菌属、节杆菌属、芽孢杆菌属、微球菌属、假单胞杆菌属、无色菌属和弧菌属。

When the frequency of codon usage of citrus was compared to Homo sapiens, Drosophila melanogaster, Saccharomyces cerevisiac and Escherichia coli, we found that the codon preference is considerably different between citrus and non-plant species. While compared to Arabidopsis thaliana, Lycopersicon esculentum, Oryza sativa and Musa acuminata, we found that the codon preference was identical in dicotyledons, but was different between citrus and monocotyledon, Oryza sativa and Musa acuminate.

将柑橘的密码子使用频率与人、果蝇、酵母和大肠杆菌等不同种类模式生物比较后发现，柑橘密码子的偏爱性与不同种类生物有不同程度的差异；但将柑橘的密码子使用频率与拟南芥、番茄、水稻和尖叶蕉等不同种类的植物相比，发现柑橘密码子的偏爱性与同为双子叶植物的拟南芥、番茄完全一样，而与水稻、尖叶蕉这2种单子叶植物均有较大的差异。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。