有方法地

In our thesis, contents are organized as following In Chapter 1 we present our topic's internal and overseas research situations, theoretical and practical significance, and introduce the research object and contents, and the main contributions of this dissertation. Chapter 2 reviews the development of the stability results for nonlinear systems and some relevant recent results, which include Lyapunov and LaSalle-Yoshizawa theorems for nonlinear systems, and stochastic edition for stochastic nonlinear systems. Sontag's formula for systems affine in control is presented in the frame of CLF. The concepts of disturbance attenuation and the inverse optimality are also explained in this Chapter. In chapter 3 we present the solvable theorem of inverse optimal gain assignment problem, design the inverse optimal controller and the inverse optimal tracking controller for strict-feedback nonlinear continuous systems with unknown time-varing bounded disturbances and constant unknown parameters using an adaptive backstepping algorithm, which are nonlinear, continuous and are easier to realize. These designs are fully systematic and the algorithm can be directly coded in symbolic software. The results of simulation show the effectiveness of the control algorithms.

论文的结构如下：在第1章中，给出了本文研究课题的研究现状、理论意义和实际应用，并介绍了本文的研究对象、研究内容以及主要贡献；在第2章中，针对确定性非线性系统和随机非线性系统，分别介绍了Lyapunov定理、LaSalle-Yoshizawa定理及其随机版本；对仿射系统，在控制Lyapunov函数框架下，给出了Sontag公式；同时给出了非线性系统扰动抑制和逆最优控制问题的基本概念；在第3章中，针对具有未知时变有界扰动和未知定常参数的一类不确定非线性系统，给出并证明了逆最优增益配置可解定理，使用自适应Backstepping算法和均值定理，系统地设计了自适应逆最优控制器和逆最优跟踪器，这种设计方法可同时获得逆最优控制策略和自适应律，简单明了，仿真结果表明该控制算法的有效性，并给出了性能估计。

The main research methods are:(1)Theory analysis:from the 2D plane geometry analysis, dots continuity characteristics are found. The first time irrational fraction algorithm is used in FM program.(2)Experiments reaearch:experiments of condition halftone function are designed under the cross-experiment principles. The first time variable information printer and C# language are used in experiment.(3)Data processing:new type digital density apparatus is used to measure data. Compare is used in processing data and error cause are explained. The main works as follows:The dot area percentage has been gained and new condition halftone function has been set up.(2)After being corrected, speed of irrational fraction algorithm has been compared with multiplicative congruence algorithm's.

本文的主要研究方法有：(1)理论分析：运用数字加网原理，从二维平面几何分析入手，借助实验验证研究网点连续特性；首次系统地把无理数取尾法随机数生成器引入到调频加网系统中，根据实验修正生成器的模型，运用统计假设检验理论，对生成的随机数序列进行统计假设检验；(2)实验研究：根据正交实验法则设计实验，首次采用可变信息印刷机(HP Laser PS印刷机)输出实验样张，克服了用传统胶印机作实验影响因素多的缺陷；采用新型数字式密度仪测量密度值，提高了数据精度；采用最新编程语言编写调频加网程序；(3)数据处理与分析：利用平均值比较法处理数据，对误差产生的原因进行讨论。

In addition, Single Pass Orbit Improvement can reflect the abnormal jumpiness of observations, which is favorable for estimating the precisi...

另外该方法能够反映观测资料的不正常的跳动，对准确地评估观测仪器的性能，进一步改进观测仪器是有益处的。

Influential theories, notions and techniques developed in the Western tradition have been introduced into the studies of the Chinese language since the late 19th century, as represented by the works of Ma Jianzhong, Klas Bernhard Johannes Karlgren, Chao Yuen Ren and Lü Shu- xiang, and have since formed an integral part of modern Chinese linguistics.

1988年底，《国外语言学》编辑部在北京槐树岭举办第二届编辑工作研讨会，会议主题是"国外语言学理论与方法应用于汉语的成果、动态和设想"。与会者就该主题进行了热烈地讨论，会上提出的一些观点，学界后来屡有述评。十七年过去了，中国的语言学研究又取得了长足的进步，《国外语言学》也改名为《当代语言学》。

The main results are as follow:(1) Systematically discussed the methods that built up the DEM by the contour line, we put forward new algorithms of auto-adding characteristic points that eliminated the "plane triangle" in constructing TIN and approximating important characteristic points by Lagrange interpolation polynomial.

主要成果有：(1)系统地论述了基于等高线建立DEM的方法，提出新的消除TIN构造中出现"平三角形"的算法——自动增加特征点和利用拉格朗日插值多项式拟合重要地形特征点，并验证算法对TIN结构的优化。

The landing strip to successful SOA also comes with at least six approaches.

成功地创建 SOA 同样也有至少六种方法。

Laneway run through calculation method using vertical distance and actual application are introduced .

介绍了用垂距法进行巷道贯通计算的方法和实际应用，无论巷道之间的位置如何，用该法总能简便快速地计算出结果，并有检核，可以提高工作效率。

In view of constant pressure outside boundary double permeability composite oil reservoir model, the variable rate question dimensionless pressure distribution Laplace solution has been studied, and the corresponding application briefly derived.

针对定压外边界的复合双渗储层模型，研究了变流率问题的无因次压力分布的Laplace空间解，并简要地引导了相应的应用，是对试井分析理论的一种完善，对相应的试井分析软件的研制更具有深远的应用价值，对油藏数值模拟方法也具有指导意义。

The present paper proposes an analytical method of solution, in which operational calculus and Laplace transform are applied.

将所得结果和以前的结果对照，发现有一些差异；即过去的计算的结果一般使密度偏低，并且在变化较大的区间无法正确地估计及计算出来。本文的方法是严格的，可以知道各处的精确程度。

After the review of the previous studies on the models of sky luminance distribution, it is the first that this thesis make the systematic study of the pseud-overcast sky luminance distribution by two characteristics of the maximum sky luminanace element and the luminance lapse rate with that the all of sky luminance distribution is determined. Through discussed, these methods and results on pseud-overcast sky study are suggested to be valid of the standardization of intermediate skies in this thesis.

在较为系统地分析了前人有关天空亮度分布模型的基础上，首次利用天空最大亮度元和亮度变化率二个确定天空亮度分布的特征量，对构成中间天空（除CIE全阴天空和CIE全晴天空以外的一切真实天空）之必要部分的似阴天空进行了系统的研究，从而为中间天空的标准化提供了有意义的方法和结果。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。