有文化阶层

The sub-culture stands for the culture pattern both including dominant culture character and special culture criterions, which formed in some social groups.

主导文化与反文化代表着对立的两极，亚文化则是指在某一阶层、群体中形成的既包含主导文化特征，又有鲜明独特的文化标准的文化形态。

Looking from the history longitudinal, the corrupt culture's main body nearly is the imperially appointed official, their nobody does not read book of the saints and sages, does not have the official not to say cultivates oneself and puts one's house in order maintaining peace, actually also nearly does not have the official not to incur the power to accept bribes, does not have the official not to take bribes and pervert justice; Inspects from the crosswise aspect, besides the government official social stratum's corruption, the rich person has the rich person "corrupt", the poor person also has the poor person "corrupt"; Regarding corrupt is nearly nobody does not hate, however the corruption actually is also that "strikes root in the hearts of the people".

从历史的纵向来看，腐败文化的主体几乎都是朝廷命官，他们无人不读圣贤之书，无官不讲修齐治平，却又几乎是无官不招权纳贿，无官不贪赃枉法；从横向方面考察，除官吏阶层的腐败外，富人有富人的"腐败"，穷人也有穷人的"腐败"；对于腐败几乎是无人不恨，然而腐败却又是那么"深入人心"。

The social level structure is defined from its basic conception, in-depth meaning and characteristics. The term refers to a functional being and social reality, a unity of physical space and value space as well as connectional and theoretical existence. Viewed from the perspective of political philosophy, the social level structure is a political sovereignty grading or ladder in a state who values the supremacy of sovereignty, penetrating into economic, cultural and social fields, universally forming social relationship. Based on general social structure, social system and political sovereignty, the social level structure is an abstractly summary of social hierarchy which is neither a copy of political structure nor simply addition of economic, cultural and social structure. The social level structure is long hidden but universally existing, deeply affecting and shaping social system, people's life and thinking. Based on the above, the thesis probes the social foundation, evolutional law, fundamental quality, running mechanism, historical function, current significant and the reform necessity.

从社会层级结构概念的基本规定、深层意蕴和性状表现三个方面界定社会层级结构概念，认为社会层级结构既是一种实体性存在和社会现实，也是一种观念性存在和理论构造，是物理空间和意义空间的统一；从政治哲学视野，社会层级结构是在政治国家内部按照权力至上的方式形成的权力级别或权力阶梯，并渗透到经济、文化、社会领域，形成具有普遍性的社会关系体系；它以总体社会结构为依托，以社会制度为外化，以政治权力为中轴；它既不是政治结构的翻版，不是社会阶层结构的别名，也不是经济、文化、社会结构的简单叠加，而是对它们层级性的一种抽象和概括；这种结构长期隐而不显，但却无处不在、无时不有，深深地影响和牢牢地控制着社会制度、人的生活和人的思维方式。

If I will be the computer programmer I can choose will work in Microsoft becomes in them First Microsoft took global top-quality IT Corporation, I liked Microsoft enterprise culture there gathering the innumerable computers outstanding person to be able to learn very many things in there me, how not only was learns compiles the procedure also to be able to learn the more better renewals computer knowledge, was helpful further sharpens my working ability to me Works in Microsoft may lodge works Yu Le atmosphere, can henceforth center obtain the achievement feeling, and enjoys the work Likes Microsoft the enterprise culture He encourages the innovation in Microsoft subsequently to have the responsibility to the work, the full authorization, may regard as the work own enterprise to manage the management Controls the work but not to let the work control you The free working conditions with the non- bureaucrat's management way, enable me all work with the management social stratum in the mutual cooperation and under the support environment Then is works in Microsoft may see own idol Bill Gates, moreover also can work together with him Finally is high in the Microsoft work treatment, company's famous sound, has the future Later even if will not work in Microsoft I to believe depended on the oneself ability and thing also own which learned in Microsoft also can have an achievement Because time this experience is most important But in view of Microsoft's management, down to overworks dead "facing the long-firing operation pressure facing other individual Microsoft staff's" I also still to want, not only may challenge my limit facing the pressure, is competing together with more outstanding talented people, in the competition I thought I can make good.

急求翻译高手！！！我朋友要我帮他翻译点东西，我正好这些天上班太忙，没时间给他翻，他又要的急，所以就把他给我的东西发到这上面请各位高手帮帮忙。下面是那两段要翻译的东西：1。如果我是电脑程序员我将会选择在微软工作成为他们中的一员。首先微软作为全球头号IT公司，我喜欢微软的企业文化那里汇聚了无数的电脑精英在那里我会学到很多东西，不光是学到如何编写程序还能学到更多更好更新的电脑知识，有助于我进一步的提高我的工作能力。在微软工作可以寓工作于乐的气氛，能从此中得到成就感，并享受工作。喜欢微软的企业文化。在微软他鼓励创新继而对工作产生责任，充分授权，可以把工作当成自己的企业去管理经营。去主宰工作而别让工作主宰你。自由的工作环境与非官僚的管理方式，让我与管理阶层都能在互相的合作及支持的环境下工作。然后是在微软工作可以见到自己的偶像比尔盖茨，而且还能跟他一起工作。最后是在微软工作待遇高，公司的名声响，有前途。以后即使不在微软工作了我相信凭自己能力和在微软学到的东西也自己也会有所一番作为的。因为这段经历时最重要的。但是针对微软的管理，面对长时间工作的压力以至于面对其他个别微软员工的&过劳死&我也依然愿意，面对压力不光可以挑战我的极限，与更多的优秀人才在一起竞争，在竞争中我想我会做得更棒。

And because Chitwan was a newly settled district, where people from all over the country gathered, a chance to people of different classes, castes and cultural backgrounds.

因为奇旺是新的社区，有从各地来的不同的人，我有机会接触不同阶层、不同种姓和文化背景的人。

With endless wonder and reverence to the 5000 years historic Indus Valley Civilization which is one of the four oldest civilizations of humanity, with deep loves to the people generationally working hard in this mysterious land and in fact with great contribution to civilization of humanity, and with much loves to the arts like oriental hand-knotted carpets created by the people in this land, we think that oriental carpets art should now return to the orient, particular China, where they actually belonging, and become a delicious taste to the emerging high class people over there, after European rich families who have enjoyed the arts of oriental carpets, china and oil painting since past hundreds years, so we decide to present this brochure to Chinese public.

缘于对人类著名的四大文明之一，已有5000多年历史的印度河流域文明的无限遐思和敬仰；缘于对这块神秘土地上世代勤劳耕作，为人类文明做出了极大贡献的人们的热爱；缘于对这块土地上的人们以其勤劳和智慧创造出的包括东方手织地毯艺术在内的诸多文化艺术的喜欢；缘于对东方手织地毯这种特殊的千百年来铺陈于大地母亲之肌，承接人类立足之本的高贵的脚下艺术品的特殊情怀，在西方富裕家庭充分享受东方手织地毯艺术、瓷器艺术和西方绘画艺术的熏陶几百年之后的今天，我们认为，东方手织地毯艺术应当回到她本来就属于的美丽的东方，特别是中国，成为这里快速崛起的新兴阶层的艺术之飨。

However this does not mean consumers are ignorant parvenus.

在研究方法的部份，主要是运用质化研究的深度访谈法为主，并搭配参与观察法予以辅助，研究发现：在这个族群里的消费者，影响其购买名牌包的主要原因仍是停留在韦伯伦所说的炫耀性消费，但是这并不代表这群消费者是毫无知识、品味的暴发户，这群消费者已开始懂得去吸收名牌的相关知识来搭配自己的消费行为，不过尚属於较低层次的文化资本阶段；另外中间阶层的消费者对於名牌的知识来源主要是经由大众传播媒体所获取，而其他讯息的来源亦会对消费者造成一定程度的影响，不过主要讯息来源仍仰赖大种传播媒体的提供；最后，在社会资本方面呈现出男、女有别的情况，在女性方面，社会资本对於名牌包的消费影响力并非直接提供资源予消费者，而是透过社会资本来延伸消费者的文化资本，但是在男性方面，则表现出截然不同的情况，名牌包对於男性消费者有著工具性消费的意义，男性消费者呈现出一种强烈利用名牌包来达成自己目的的行为。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失