有效间隔

The discrete velocity ordinate method in the kinetic theory of gases is developed and applied to discretize the correspo

借助非定常时间分裂法和无波动无自由参数的NND耗散格式，建立直接求解微观分子速度分布函数的有限差分数值格式；研究并发展可用于离散速度坐标点选取和离散速度空间宏观取矩的高斯─埃尔米特无穷积分方法、等均间隔的牛顿─柯斯复合积分法、以勒让德多项式的根为积分结点的高斯─勒让德数值积分法，并应用于不同马赫数绕流模拟；通过对不同流域一维激波管问题、二维圆柱绕流问题和三维球体绕流的计算研究，并将计算结果与其他途径得到的研究结果诸如DSMC模拟值、N-S解及有关实验数据进行比较分析，创建了一套能有效模拟稀薄流到连续流不同流域气体流动问题简化的统一数值算法研究框架

This method is very much effective used for processing the data series of unequally interval and irregular varying, and is the further expansion of weighted moving average smoothing method.

该方法用于处理非等时间间隔、无变化规律可循的数据序列很有效，是加权移动平均滤波方法的进一步扩展。

The boundaries parameter controls the shape of the interval open vs.

参数boundaries控制间隔的形状（左右两边分别为闭合还是开放）。boundaries的有效值有""、""、""。

Therefore,a series studies of ice-pier vibration are performed from different aspects in this paper.The main work of this his thesis is summarized as follows:(1) Ice response spectra is proposed based on the idea of a seismic response spectra analysis of str .. uctures.Firstly,ice response spectra on the basis of power spectra density function is established;Secondly,based on the assumption of quadratic parabolic interpolation method,the nonlinear interpolation analysis method of ice response spectra is studied from both theoretical and practical points of view,and the successive computation formulas including ice displacement,velocity and acceleration response spectrum are deduced by Duhamel integral.Furthermore,to analyze the effectivity and applicability of the method, the real temporal curves of ice pressure are used to be studied.The results show that the presented method is more convenient and accurate to study the structural response induced by ice force,also it can be effectively applied in the design of ice resistance.

鉴于此，本文针对冰激桥墩结构振动问题从不同方面展开了一系列与之相关的研究，主要研究内容如下：(1)根据结构抗震反应分析思想提出了冰振反应谱，首先建立了基于功率谱密度函数的冰振反应谱；其次借鉴地震反应谱内插法的思想从理论和实际观点出发，假定在等距离微小时间间隔内冰荷载按二次抛物线规律变化，由Duhamel积分推导出冰振位移、速度以及加速度反应谱的一系列连锁公式，建立了基于非线性内插法的冰振反应谱，并利用实际冰压力时程曲线进行了冰振反应谱数值分析，为以后冰激结构振动的研究提供一种方便、简捷、精确的分析方法，也能够将其有效地应用到结构的抗冰计算中。

The extrapolated calculation of the regression function of SVM was used to establish prediction model.The regression function that got from the nonlinear regression method of SVM can fit estimated value to historical data very well.The model can effectively avoid the influence of oil change and sample interval disaccord.This new model can be applied...

支持向量机的非线性回归方法得到的回归函数对光谱历史数据有良好的逼近效果，通过SVM回归函数的外推计算建立的SVM回归预测模型能有效消除换油和采样间隔不一致对模型预测效果的影响，具有更广泛的应用范围。

Therefore, it has the important scientific research value in studying the relationship between the changing of the parameters (including the temperature, the humidity, the grain radius and so on) and the electricity and radioactivity of the medium. Applied the count statistics and the numeral value analysis, the paper analyzes, concludes and contrasts the data sufficiently through the experimentation, and acquires the following results that the resistivity and the polarizability both have the negative relationship with the temperature variety of medium from 0℃ to 200 ℃. The parallactic poalarizability is consistent with the temperature variety in the plan as well as the section, but their trends are exactly opposite. Power supply voltage has no considerable influence to the resistivity and polarizability by using duality variance analysis, however, the detecting depth and the plan position influence them greatly. Different AB/2 interval that increases by degree does not influence variance and the average value of the resistivity and the polarizability remarkably. By using the least double multiplication, the relationship of temperature-time-the influence radius of the fire source is carried up by the mathematic drawing up. After discussing their correl ation, I educe the influence radius of the fire source and carry out the 'trend analysis and forecast to the spacial changing of the temperature and the parallactic polarizability in the end.

本文通过试验并应用数理统计和数值分析等相关理论对所得到的试验数据进行了分析、归纳和对比，得出了介质温度变化在0-200℃内视电阻率和视极化率与温度均表现为负相关性；视极化率与温度在剖面和平面上的变化形态具有很好的一致性，但变化趋势相反；由二元方差分析可得供电电压对视电阻率和视极化率无显著影响，但探测深度和平面位置对视电阻率和视极化率有显著影响；通过假设检验可证不同AB／2递增间隔，对视电阻率和视极化率的方差和平均数影响都无显著性差异；应用最小二乘法对温度——时间——火源影响半径之间的关系进行了数学拟合，讨论了它们之间的相互关系，得出了火源影响的有效半径，太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文并对温度和视极化率的空间变化作了趋势分析和预测。

And at the same time, the interval of defrosting is obtained, which provides the basis for the adoption of effective defrosting measure.

而且计算出了不同工况下融霜的时间间隔，为采取有效的除霜控制方法提供了依据。

Image reconstruction from the projections of fan-beam: The CT equipment is broadly adopted on the world that its detectors are arranged on the concentric circle at same angle interval. This equipment rebates the complex machinery movements like parallel-beam geometry, makes the sampling time shorter, that is rebating the whole CT testing time.

扇形束图象重建：将探测器等角间隔排列于同心圆周上采集射线投影数据，然后进行图象重建的CT装置是目前世界上广为使用的，它减少了平行射束采样方式的繁杂的机械运动，可有效地缩短数据采集时间，也就是减少了CT检测的总的花费时间。

objective to evaluate efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsyfor treating ureteral stones in situ,investigate the cause of higher re-treatment rate.methods total of 687 patients with ureteral stone were received eswl between january 2000 and december 2004,included 455 male(66.2%) and 232 female(33.8%) patients,6 cases have bilateral ureteral calculi,12 cases have unilateral multiple calculi.hence,together 709 ureteral calculi were treated.patients upper ureteral calculi were treated in the supine position,for lower ureteral calculi patients were turned prone.to reduce eswl-induced renal trauma and pain,using lower energy source,adjusted power setting from 9.8 to 13.2kv,limited 1500 shock wavs per one session.no auxiliary procedure were used before eswl.the stone size was measured as the surface area of stone length by stone width on x-ray film.the interval between two treatment sessions was two weeks.results of 709 ureteral calculi,the overall stone free rate was 97.3%(690 calculi),re-treatment rate was 34.1%(292 calculi).according to the performed treatment sessions,one session 467 calculi,the mean stone size 37.27mm2,stone free rate 65.4%(464 calculi).two sessions 138 calculi,the mean stone size 62.48mm2,stone free rate 18.4%(131calculi).three sessions 52 calculi,the mean stone size 79.60mm2,stone free rate 7.1%(50calculi).four sessions 19 calculi,the mean stone size 101.63mm2,stone free rate 2.4%(17calculi).fivesessions 33 calculi,the mean stone size 119.33mm2,stone free rate 3.9%(28 calculi).overall 19 cases(2.7%)turned to other treatment modalities.of 335 upper ureteral calculi,303 achieved stone free (95.8%),re-treatment rate was 38.5%(129 calculi).of 374 lower ureteral calculi,369 achieved stone free(98.7%),re-treatment rate was 30.2%(113 calculi).the re-treatment rate of upper ureteral calculi was higher than lower ureteral calculi(p＜0.05,χ2=5.40).the difference of stone-free rate between upper and lower ureteral calculi was no significant(p＞0.05,χ2=0.15).conclusion eswl should be considered first line therapy for ureteral stone still.stone burden are the main variable of higher re-treatment rate,upper ureteral stone may moving with respiring during eswl.so efficinet shock wave was decreared,re-treatment rate become higher.

目的 评估体外震波碎石治疗输尿管结石的疗效，探讨再治疗率高的原因及输尿管结石的治疗选择。方法回顾2000年1月～2004年12月间eswl治疗输尿管结石的临床资料687例，男455例（66.2%），女232例（33.8%），平均年龄46.6岁（15～83岁）。有双侧输尿管结石6例，单侧多发性输尿管结石12例（4颗1例，3颗2例，2颗9例），共计输尿管结石709颗（含透光结石13颗）。应用上海爱申公司生产的desunit6030型碎石机，c臂x线球管做结石定位。上段输尿管结石（肾盂输尿管交界处至骶髂关节上缘）取仰卧位，下段输尿管结石（骶髂关节上缘下至输尿管口）取俯卧位。为减少eswl引起的肾损伤和疼痛，应用较低的能量，震波发生器电压从9.8～13.2kv，震波频率1.5s。每次治疗设定为1500次震波。治疗后3天摄腹部平片或b超，以后每隔7日重复检查。假如结石未碎或有残留结石最长径＞3mm以上，再次eswl，两次治疗的间隔时间为两周。结石的大小用x线片上的表面积（mm2表示。结果 709颗输尿管结石总的治愈率为97.3%（690颗），再治疗率34.1%（242颗）。其中一次治疗467颗，平均结石大小37.27mm2，治愈464颗（65.4%），3颗改治疗；两次治疗138颗，平均结石大小62.48mm2，治愈131颗（18.5%），7颗改治疗；第1和第2次治疗治愈率（1个月治愈率）为83.8%。3次治疗52颗，平均结石大小79.60mm2，治愈50颗（7.1%），2颗改治疗；4次治疗19颗，平均结石大小101.63mm2，治愈17颗（2.4%），2颗改治疗；5次及5次以上治疗33颗，平均结石大小119.33mm2，治愈28颗（3.9%），5颗改治疗。总计19颗（2.7%）结石改变治疗方式。上段输尿管结石335颗，治愈321颗（95.8%），再治疗129颗（38.5%）。下段输尿管结石374颗，治愈369颗（98.7%），再治疗113颗（30.2%）。经χ2检验，上、下段输尿管结石的再治疗率差异有显著性（χ2=5.40，p＜0.05），治愈率差异无显著性（χ2=0.15，p＞0.05）。不良反应：血压升高13例（1.9%），震波区域疼痛26例（3.8%），震波进入处皮肤点状淤血33例（4.8%），肉眼血尿128例（18.6%），均于第2、3天自行消失。结论 eswl目前仍是输尿管结石的第一线治疗，结石的大小是再治疗率高的主要因素。结石的位置有影响，上段输尿管结石可随呼吸移动，有效震波次数减少，再治疗率比下段输尿管结石高。eswl前注重病例筛选可降低再治疗率。

The tPROG interval begins tREHmax after the trailing rising edge on IO for the last time slot of the E/S byte for a valid Copy Scratchpad sequence.

间隔的tPROG之后开始尾随边缘投入产出上升了E / S的字节最后一次有效的复制暂存器序列插槽tREHmax。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。