有效时间

By calculating the LST and asymptotic series of the service-time distribution we analyze the steady-state waiting-time probabilities of M/G/1 queue system. We also extend the special caseγ=3/2 to the normal case. The results show that it will be helpful to analyze the heavy-tailed waiting-time distribution of self-similar traffic sources. This chapter also proposes a generalized packets loss method.

本章第一部分通过引入一类混合指数分布并证明此类分布服从Pareto重尾分布，得到相应的LST变换闭合形式及服务时间渐进级数，同时将形状参数γ=3/2时的服务时间及其LST变换推广到更一般的情形，较为有效地解决了重尾分布的信源排队等待时间分析问题。

So, that's the secret of time management. Only spend time onthe things that to you, and you use that timeeffectively. By: Wendy Hearn. Adapted

这就是时间管理的秘诀：只把时间用在那些对你来说很重要的事情上，并确保要有效利用时间

An iterative reasoning algorithm with time delay of CD is proposed in this paper to resolve time delay of complex system. It is an effective approximating reasoning algorithm for its polynomial time complexity. It realizes dynamic reasoning of causality diagram through multiplication of linkage strength matrix and probability vector when the CD has time delay.

本文针对复杂系统的时间延迟性提出了带时间延迟的因果图迭代推理算法，该算法可以在多项式时间复杂度内完成，是一种有效的近似推理算法。

Thanks to the spectral accuracy inboth space and time of the proposed method, the storage requirement due to the "globaltime dependence" can be considerably relaxed, and therefore calculation of the long-time solution becomes possible.

归功于该方法在时间和空间方向上所具有的谱精度，我们能够有效地减少由全局时间依赖性所引起的对存储量的要求，从而可以计算长时间的解。

So that, we should do some effective transfor2 mation among these three systems, including time system and coordinate system. For the requirement, the time system and coordinate system for each of them are analyzed in details. And then, the method of time transformation and the model of coordinates transforma2 tion among GPS, GLONASS and GAL ILEO are p roposed based on lots of integration, certification and calculation.

这就需要我们对此三个系统的时间系统以及坐标系统进行有效的转换，本文就是基于这样的需求，详细介绍并分析了此三大系统中各自的时间系统与坐标系统，通过对多方资料的综合、推证与计算，综合得出GPS、GLONASS以及GAL ILEO三大系统间的时间转换方法及坐标转换模型与公式。

Bitemporal databases permit queries over two orthogonal time dimensions: valid time and transaction time.

时态数据库，允许在两个正交的查询时间方面：有效的时间和交易时间。

The results suggest the existence of implicit time and the characteristics of orientation and inpenetrability of it. Furthermore, the results testify that the motorial paradigm can be seen as an effective method for the study of implicit time.

研究结果证明了内隐时间的存在，进一探明了内隐时间具有方向性和认知不可渗透性的特点，并证明了运动范式为研究内隐时间及其特点的有效方法。

Chitosan had been modified by polyacrylate sodium, glularaldehyde, and NaBH4, respectively, which afforded three kinds modified chitosan: polyacrylate sodium modified chitosan (CIS- PA4) chitosan bead and pentamethylene diamido crosslinked chitosan bead (CTSB- G- Hy). The adsorption properties of CTS-CTSB and CTSB-G-Hy were studied by L25(56) orthogonal experimental design. They show high adsorption activities for Pb2+ in solution. The highest removal efficiency of Pb2+ for CTS-PA4, CTSB and CTSB-G-Hy is 94%, 96% and 93%, respectively. The results showed the adsorption property of CTSB is the highest. The CTSB- G- Hy has good mechanical property, acid-resistance and alkali-resistance.

第二部分壳聚糖的改性及其对水溶液中铅离子的吸附性能研究以壳聚糖为原料制备了三种改性吸附剂——聚丙烯酸钠改性壳聚糖(CTS——PA_4)、珠状壳聚糖凝胶树脂和戊二氨交联珠状壳聚糖凝胶树脂，着重考察了CTSB—G—Hy的制备条件，并考察了三种吸附剂吸附6.3mg/L铅离子水溶液中铅的最佳使用条件，结果表明对CTS—PA_4而言当pb~(2+)溶液的pH在4～6.5之间，吸附剂用量为5g/L，吸附时间为1h时pb~(2+)去除率高于94％，CTS—PA_4可在酸性条件下使用，在碱性条件下依然有效但处理效果较差；CTSB对pb~(2+)具有很好的吸附能力吸附剂用量为5g/L，吸附时间为1h时处理效果极佳，pb~(2+)去除率高于96％；CTSB—G—Hy对pb~(2+)具有一定的吸附能力，吸附剂用量为3g/L，吸附时间为1.5h时处理效果最佳，Pb~(2+)去除率高于93％，而且CTSB—G—Hy的机械强度高，耐酸碱性强，可在较宽的pH范围内使用。

From the definition of goods train turnaround time, we can know if we reduced turnaround time, accelerated the turnover of vehicles,especially serious lack of empty train, we can effectively control turnaround time and improve transport efficiency, whth important practical significance, especially present situation, the national railway can do more transport task with same number of vehicles, increasing transportation revenues and the local railway will redue occupancy costs of country rail to reduce costs and improve efficiency.

由货车周转时间的定义即可得知，如果能够成功压缩货车周转时间，加快车辆周转，尤其在全路空车严重不足时，则可以有效控制货车周转时间、提高货车车辆运用效率，这具有十分重要的现实意义。更何况在当前新形势下，加速货车周转，对于国铁即意味着能以同样数量的货车完成更多的运输任务，进而增加运输收入；对于地方铁路或专用铁路则意味着将大大减少对国铁货车占用费的支出从而降低成本、提高效率。

The inhibition substances in Sorbus pohuashanensisHedl fruit not only restrained the seeds of wheat, cabbage from germinating but also restrained height and root growth. After the seeds of wheat, chinese cabbage had been soaked in the water extraction of pulp, seed and decoated seed for 8h, the seed germination rates were 92% and 84%, 89% and 65%, 94% and 78%, lower than the control, especially the water extract of decoated seed; and the root length and seedlings height were lower than the control, especially the water extract of pulp, and decreased in sequence of soaking time from short to long. So the simplest and effective method to eliminate pulp soluble inhibiting substances is to wash fruits by flowing tap water soon after collection.

在几种浸泡时间中，浸泡8小时的去皮种子浸泡液对白菜、小麦种子发芽率的抑制作用最为明显，其发芽率分别为65%、89%，但随着浸泡时间的延长而降低；浸泡8h的果肉浸泡液对白菜和小麦幼苗高生长和根伸长的抑制作用最为明显，种子和去皮种子浸泡液(8h)的抑制作用对小麦和白菜的抑制作用次之，随着浸泡时间的延长，果肉浸泡液的抑制作用逐渐减弱，因而采收下来的果实及时净种是清除果肉水溶性抑制物质简单有效的方法。

The basic concept of FOP can be summarized as to further optimize effective prescription according to the standard of curative effects and with the aid of modern science and technology and theories of traditional Chinese medicine.

其基本内涵可概括为：以确有疗效的中药复方为研究对象，以现代科学技术和传统中医药理论为技术支持，以该复方所治病证的药效响应为评价标准，以优化重组疗效更优的新复方为研究目的。

Ever since our world has been a world, native forests have been indiscriminately exploited by man.

自从我们的世界一直是世界原生森林被任意剥削人。