有效数

The non-uniform algebraic codebook is determined by the non-uniform statistical properties of the algebraic codebook, and the part-searching-area is determined by the periodicity of the algebraic codebook excitation vector, which makes up the insufficient numbers of signed pulses in algebraic codebook at low bit rate.

非均匀代数码书由代数码书的脉冲非均匀统计特性确定，部分搜索域代数码书则由代数码书矢量的周期性确定，该方法有效地弥补了低比特率情况下代数码书中脉冲数不足的缺点。

To improve the transmission efficiency and reduce the storage requirement, efficient encoding algorithms should be used to remove the residual information in images, and fewer bits should be used to describe images on restrictions of given distortion. Vector quantization is an efficient lossy compression technique, whose prominent virtues are high compression ratio and simple decoding process, so it has become one of important compression techniques for image coding.

为了提高传输效率和减少存储空间，必须采取有效的压缩编码算法消除图像中所包含的各种冗余信息并在给定的失真条件下使用尽量少的比特数来描述图像。

In this thesis, I summarize the theoretical calculation method, applied scope and notice of siphonic drainage system, and point out the advantage of siphonic drainage system compared with gravitation drainage system. In the archetype experiment study of siphonic drainage tube, I adopt different tube diameter and different structural height to survey the drainage volume and press in different place. I observe various kinds of flow state, and get chief factors which influence hydraulic peculiarity of system as the tube diameter or structural height, and find out the relevance of factor to flux. I apply CFD Fluent software and adopt standard k-ε model and RNG k-ε model, then use finite volume method and second-order upwind scheme to discrete numerical model, while coupling numeration of velocity field and press is based on SIMPLE. In the numerical simulation of curved part of tube, siphonic drainage tube experiment system and multi-outlet siphonic drainage system, I make research on internal velocity and press of system in different project condition by changing the tube diameter of curved part, negative press value in tube export and improving the quantity of water gutter. This thesis first adopts a method of combining archetype experiment and numerical simulation to study the siphonic drainage system, test and verify the validity of experiment and numerical simulation, and makefurther study on system, it solves the problems of limited testing conditions, and has a logical results, it can provide a valid method for optimizing and designing the drainage tube-net system. The conclusion have referring value for study and design of siphonic drainage system.

本文首先对虹吸式排水系统理论计算方法、适用范围以及注意事项做出总结，并分析了虹吸式排水系统的优势；再对虹吸式排水管道进行原型试验研究，采用不同管径不同立管高度，对系统流量、管道压强进行量测，观察了各种工况下的流态，对其水力特性进行研究分析，找出影响水力特性的落差、管径主要因素以及与排水量的关系；进一步应用计算流体力学Fluent软件，采用标准κ-ε模型与RNGκ-ε模型，计算过程应用有限体积法和二阶迎风格式对数值模型进行离散，速度和压力的耦合采用SIMPLE算法，分别对系统弯管段、虹吸排水管道试验系统、多斗虹吸式排水系统进行数值模拟分析，通过改变管段弯头处半径、管段出口负压值、增加雨水斗数对不同工况下系统内部的速度和压力进行研究；本文首次采用结合原型试验与数值模拟相结合的方法，对虹吸式屋面雨水排水系统进行研究，试验与模拟相互验证，并进行拓展，很好地解决了虹吸式屋面雨水排水系统由于试验条件限制问题，结果正确合理，为排水管网系统设计和优化研究提供了有效的方法，对工程设计有较好的参考价值。

In the specific quantum numbers configuration of holon-isospin excitation where the excited momentum approach to the ground state, the dispersion relations can be expected as a quadratic dispersion, so we can define the effective mass of the spin wave excitation.

在激发能动量接近基态的特殊的isospin 量子数选取下，可以把色散关系看成为二次函数的形式，由此得到了有效质量与能隙、激发态动量的关系。

And an algorithm framework to solve this stochastic dynamic programming model was proposed.

通过启发式策略仿真和Q学习，有效解决了"维数灾难"问题。

It has the main advantages of stochastic dynamic programming and nested Benders decomposition simultaneously, and can be used to deal with problems with large number of both stages and state variables.

这种算法可以综合随机动态规划和嵌套Benders分解的优势，有效地用来处理较多阶段和较大维数状态空间的问题。

The Republican's strategists have claimed for several days that they are closing the gaps in many of the traditionally Republican states to within striking distance.

共和党派战略家已声称数天，他们在许多向来支持共和党的州份把差距缩小到有效距离。

The goals of this study includes to get the picture of E-magazine in market, to discuss the characters of its consumers, to find out product perceived attribute, and to analysis those important factors affecting E-magazine consumers.

本研究以文献探讨与问卷发放两个方式进行研究，以台湾地区具有电子杂志阅读经验的消费者作为主要研究对象，在网路上采随机抽样方式进行调查，有效样本数共计378份。

This method not only can reduce the dimension of feature vector effectively,but also can provide a new kind of parameter for recognition of protein superfamily.

此方法不仅有效地降低了特征向量的维数，而且为蛋白质超家族识别提供了新的参数。

This paper is carried out to analyze the buffeting of long-span steel arch bridge in operation and erection stage. The research is mainly focused on the following aspects: Based on the present AR method, the AIC rule is used for fix the rank of the AR model to improve the simulation precision. Take into account that the wind speed spectrum is vary with the height for the long-span steel arch bridge, simulate the fluctuating wind field.

主要工作有以下几个方面：通过对现有的AR法进行改进，采用最小AIC(A-Information Criterion)准则准确识别模型阶数，提高AR法的计算精度，并考虑大跨度钢拱桥风速谱随高度变化的特点，实现了对三维空间脉动风场的有效模拟。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。