有效操作

The uncovered tracts and the liver wound surface were managed by some of the methods combined such as high frequency electrocoagulation, titanium clamp, suture, hemostatic gauze oppression, argon-beam coagulation, protein glue adherence, and Endo-GIA switcher. The total operative outcome, operating time, blood loss, postoperative complications and postoperative hospital stay were summarized in order to assess feasibility and safety of the clinical laparoscopic liver resection.Results: 1. Laparoscopic liver resection with clamp dissection method needs only the ordinary laparoscopic equipment. It has a low cost but causes a little more bleeding. 2. Laparoscopic liver resection operated by microwave tissue coagulation method had very little bleeding when dissecting hepatic parenchyma. The operative field is clear and the cost is low. It is a safe, convenient and effective method. 3. Ultrasound dissector is a relatively ideal appliance for laparoscopic liver resection at present because ofless bleeding during operation. But the speed is slow thus prolongs the operation time. Its separating intensity is not strong enough, and it can only be applied to patients without hepatic cirrhosis. 4. Ligsure has clamp dissection and electrocoagulation functions. It can carbonize hepatic tissue including the tracts whose diameters are less than 7mm. It has some advantage in dissecting. However, it has the shortcomings of the clamp dissector during coagulating. 5. Hand-assisted laparoscopic liver resection can make use of the flexibility and feeling of the operators left hand.

结果：1、钳夹分离切肝法不需特殊仪器设备，只要具备常规的腹腔镜器械即可实施，成本低，肝断面较易渗血；2、微波固化切肝法肝实质出血很少，视野清晰，成本低，操作简单，是一种安全、简便、有效的方法；3、超声刀是目前较为理想的切肝器械，术中出血少，但是，切割速度慢，手术时间长，而且，切割强度有限，适用于无肝硬化的肝切除；4、Ligsure具有挤压粉碎及高频电凝止血两大功能，可使包括7~以下管道的肝组织碳化、形成焦痴，具有一定的优势，但是，也存在分离钳电凝止血的缺点；5、手辅助腹腔镜肝切除可以利用术者左手的灵活性及手感，便于术中显露、分离、控制出血等，可随意协助右手及助手的主要操作，缩短了手术时间，大大提高了腹腔镜肝切除的安全性，李朝龙等的改良方法，同样达到了手辅助目的，又节省了费用；6、小切口腹腔镜辅助切肝法可以使用剖腹肝切除常规器械及剖腹肝切除技术，操作简单、可靠，适用于肝左外叶切除及右肝第V段切除；7、Endo一GIA切肝法在离断肝组织的同时闭合管道结构，多用于肝左静脉、门静脉分支、管径较大胆管的切割，缺点是不能用于较厚肝组织的切割，而且价格昂贵；8、临床巧例腹腔镜肝切除均获得成功，手术时间最短1.5h，最长sh，平均125 min，多数在100 min左右，手术出血量最少50 ml，最多500 ml，平均1 78 ml，除2例合并严重肝硬化的原发性肝癌患者术后出现少量腹水，1例术后发生胆漏外，其余无并发症，发生胆漏的1例患者术后住院40d，多数在术后一周左右出院，术后住院时间5一40d，平均gd。

The thesis studies the difference between GWSs composition and traditional workflow applications, proposes the implement mechanism and technical architecture of GWSs composition and defines the reference model of GWSs composition platform, which provide holistic framework and top-level guidance for studying dynamic GWSs composition technology, designing GWSs composition platform, and implementing representative composite service applications.2、Theories and methods of composite process modeling and process analysis. This thesis proposes a meta-model of Geo-spatial Web services composition process defining from two aspects, i.e. process and resource. According to the process definition meta-model, we propose a new Geo-spatial Web services composition Process/Resource model based on extended WF-net, which effectively resolves the problems on uncertain activity option and dynamic variation of service in composite process model. A notion with regard to soundness of process model is proposed from three aspects, i.e. the structural correctness of process model, validity of data link and validity of resource. The notion of soundness definitely gives a dividing line on correctness of composite GWS process. This thesis analyzes sufficient and essential terms of soundness, and studies compositional property of WSCP/R-net models which provides an effective method to construct a soundness WSCP/R-net model. According to WSCP/R-net, the thesis proposes composition algebra and studies the properties of it. Based on the composition algebra, 6 kinds of composite process reduction rules are induced to optimize the process.3、Geo-spatial Web service QoS model and its application architecture. This thesis proposes an extendable GWS QoS model from three aspects, i.e. Geo-spatial Web Service itself, networking conditions and service consumer which can be used to distinguish GWSs with overlapping or identical functionality. We work over the QoS evaluation methods of composite GWS process which can be used to guide the execution, monitor and service selection of composition process. Aming at some disadvantages in traditional Web service discovery model for its lacking of QoS supporting, this thesis proposes a new service discovery model SDMQ supporting QoS constraints.4、Technologies of composite service executing. SSPL, a new composite service process language, is defined to overcome the disadvantages of existing composite services process languages which can not adapt to the dynamic variation of Geo-spatial Web Services. An algorithm is described to translate WSCP/R-net model into SSPL. The thesis studies the model of dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization, presenting an algorithm GODSS to resolve dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization in GWSs Composition.5、Design and implement experimental system and representative applications. According to the research findings presented above, we design and implement an experimental system and construct two representative applications to show that our achievements are effective and practical.

针对当前空间信息服务聚合研究中存在的若干不足，本文重点在基于工作流的空间信息服务聚合框架、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术、空间信息服务QoS模型及应用体系以及空间信息服务聚合流程执行等几个方面进行深入研究，主要工作和创新点包括：1、基于工作流的空间信息服务动态聚合框架：研究了空间信息服务动态聚合和传统工作流应用的不同，在此基础上提出了基于工作流技术的空间信息服务动态聚合实现机制、技术体系和参考模型，为研究空间信息服务聚合的关键技术、开发服务聚合支撑平台以及在此基础上构造特定的空间信息服务聚合应用提供了总体框架和顶层指导。2、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术：首先基于动态服务聚合流程建模的需求和空间信息服务动态变化的应用实际，从服务聚合的过程维和资源维出发定义了服务聚合流程定义元模型；与之相对应，对基本的WF-net进行扩展，提出服务聚合流程/资源网作为空间信息服务聚合流程的形式化描述模型，有效解决了现有的基于基本Petri网和工作流网的服务聚合建模方法所不能解决的不确定路径选择和服务的动态变化性问题；从流程结构正确性、数据依赖有效性和资源实现有效性三个方面提出了WSCP/R-net健壮性的概念，明确界定了聚合流程正确性的标准，并对WSCP/R-net模型的健壮性分析方法和WSCP/R-net模型的组合特性进行了研究；提出了空间信息服务聚合代数算子并对其性质进行了研究，在此基础上提出了6种聚合流程约简规则，从而可达到优化聚合流程、提高聚合流程执行效率的目的。3、空间信息服务QoS模型和应用体系：从服务本身、网络环境和服务消费者三个层次出发，提出了一个可扩展的空间信息服务QoS模型GSQM，实现了对空间信息服务的度量和评价，并对GSQM不同质量要素信息的客观、公正采集方法进行了研究；研究了空间信息服务聚合流程QoS评价方法，有效支持了空间信息服务聚合流程的执行、监控以及服务选择等操作；针对目前的服务发现模型仅支持服务功能性描述、不能有效满足空间信息服务应用需求的现状，提出了一种新的支持QoS约束的服务发现模型SDMQ，并对模型的实现框架进行了研究。4、空间信息服务聚合流程执行技术：针对现有的服务聚合流程描述语言不能有效满足空间信息服务动态聚合流程描述的特点，基于BPEL4WS提出了一种新的空间信息服务聚合流程描述语言SSPL；研究了满足健壮性要求的WSCP/R-net模型向SSPL的转换算法，在此基础上可以满足用户无显式编码来实现空间信息服务聚合应用的目的；研究了服务动态选择QoS全局优化模型，并在此基础上提出了一种解决服务动态选择QoS全局优化问题的实现算法GODSS.5、基于论文研究成果，设计实现了"空间信息服务聚合实验系统"，并构建了"矿产资源评价"和"城市消防应急响应"两个典型应用案例，对论文所述模型、方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。

Knife-type valve: Features 1, ultra-structure length, saving materials, piping systems can greatly reduce the overall weight of 2, the effective space occupied by small, can effectively support the strength of pipelines can reduce the possibility of pipeline vibration 3, flashboard selected austenitic stainless steel, Corrosion performance greatly improved, which can effectively prevent the corrosion caused by gate leakage sealing diarrhea 4, on the use of flexible packing seal PTFE, sealing reliable, flexible and lightweight 5, the gate with Knife function, can effectively break the gates of all types of media objects

刀型闸阀：产品特点 1、超短结构长度，节省材料，可使管路系统整体重量大大减轻 2、占用有效空间小，能有效支持管道的强度，可减少管道振动的可能性 3、闸板选用奥氏体不锈钢，耐腐性能大大提高，可有效的防止由于闸板腐蚀引起的密封泻漏 4、上密封填料采用柔性 PTFE ，密封可靠、操作轻便灵活 5、闸板具有闸刀的功能，能有效的闸断介质中各类杂物

In the increasingly competitive domestic tourism market today, only hold one's breath transported to the traditional model of tourism resources through effective management system to achieve rapid series of operations to improve efficiency, reduce costs, particularly in business-to, the volume of large travel agency team, but needs a simple operation, functional and appropriate management information systems to complete complex business operations

谁能帮帮我啊，我想翻译啊在国内旅游市场竞争日益激烈的今天，只有屏气传统的运做模式，通过旅游资源管理系统实现快速有效的一系列操作，才能提高效率，降低成本，尤其是地接业务为主、团队业务量大的旅行社，更需要一套操作简便、功能齐全、合适的管理信息系统来完成繁复的业务操作。

In the increasingly competitive domestic tourism market today, only hold one's breath transported to the traditional model of tourism resources through effective management system to achieve rapid series of operations to improve efficiency, reduce costs, particularly in business-to, the volume of large travel agency team, but needs a simple operation, functional and appropriate management information systems to complete complex business operations.

谁能帮我把这段话译成英文啊~不要翻译器啊。谢谢了在国内旅游市场竞争日益激烈的今天，只有屏气传统的运做模式，通过旅游资源管理系统实现快速有效的一系列操作，才能提高效率，降低成本，尤其是地接业务为主、团队业务量大的旅行社，更需要一套操作简便、功能齐全、合适的管理信息系统来完成繁复的业务操作。

"The establishment of this Luminant Training Academy underscores our ongoing commitment to operator training with the goal of operating our units as reliably and efficiently as possible," said Steve Horn, Vice President of Technology and Operational Readiness.

技术操作筹备处副总裁Steve Horn说：此次培训学院的成立加强了我们对操作人员的培训，尽可能地实现可靠且有效的操作目标。

The difficulties that the beginning physics teachers meet in the process of their professional growth mainly includes: firstly, pedagogically speaking, how to accomplish the transformation from textbook knowledge to practical operation, from indirect experience to direct experience; how to get practiced in the course-book and acquainted with the students, how to design the teaching plan and the classroom teaching, how to induce students to get engaged in scientific probe, to develop effectively the physics curriculum resource and to give vivid and examples.

初任物理教师在专业成长过程中所遇到的困难主要有：在教学方面，如何实现从书本知识到实际操作、从间接经验到直接经验的转化，如何熟悉教材、熟悉学生，怎样进行教学设计、课堂教学，如何引导学生进行科学探究、有效开发物理课程资源、举出形象直观生动的实例等；在班级管理方面，如何有效经营班级、评价学生等；在人际交往方面，如何与学校相关职能部门疏通好关系、如何与学校相关人员处好关系、如何与学生家长进行有效沟通交流等。

The results show that the porosity of the membrane prepared by ScCO_2 induced phase separation is higher than that prepared by conventional method;the membrane structures are significantly influenced by the process parameters;compared with the conventional immersion precipitation phase inversion,ScCO_2 induced phase separation process can effectively avoid the formation of macrovoids at suitable operating conditions;during depressurization process,the great differences in the effect of depressurization time on membranes structure for various polymer materials result from that the speed of CO_2 gaseous nuclei escaping from membrane substrate can not keep the pace with the outer depressurization rate.(2) The tendency that the interaction parameters affect the binodal curve position is illustrated by changing the interaction parameters in reasonable ranges.

研究结果表明：与传统方法相比，采用ScCO_2诱导相转化法可获得更高的膜孔隙率；通过改变操作参数可对膜的结构进行调控，且操作参数对膜结构的影响与铸膜体系的自身性质也紧密相关；在适宜的操作条件下，ScCO_2诱导相转化法能有效避免采用传统的浸入沉淀相转化法制膜时易出现的大空腔结构；泄压过程中CO_2气核从聚合物膜基体中逃逸的速度能否与膜基体外部的泄压速度保持同步，是泄压时间对不同材质膜结构影响截然不同的根源所在。

These antennas can cover GSM900/DCS/PCS/UMTS operation. In the chapter 2, the antenna is designed based on the concept of monopole antenna. Furthermore, the antenna structure have two radiant paths and coupled each other at tail end to do impedance matching. In addition, to raise distance between radiation plane and ground will avoid capacitative effect effectually. In the chapter 3, the antenna is designed based on the concept of planar inverted-F antenna. Furthermore, that the antenna structure have two radiant paths and coupled each other at tail end to do impedance matching is similar to chapter 2. But there is a difference in them. We can choose the short position to change input impedance at this structure. In the chapter 4, the antenna is designed based on the concept of planar inverted-F antenna which takes coupled-fed. It will produce the first mode and high-order mode near the frequency, 900MHz. The feature of this type is to reduce the volume effectually. This antenna can not only cover GSM900/DCS/PCS/UMTS operation but maintain good radiation efficiency. Finally, we will compare three antennas, and develop procedure with industrial view, and propose the prospect of the GSM/GPRS antenna in PND, as a conclusion.

在第二章中，我们使用单极天线设计概念，使用双路径架构并於末端耦合来对天线阻抗做匹配，产生涵盖GSM900/DCS/PCS/UMTS四频操作频带，并提高与接地面的辐射高度，以避免电容效应，使天线具有良好的辐射特性；在第三章中，使用倒F形天线设计概念，使用双路径架构於末端耦合，并於辐射臂上采取适当接地点电感效应作输入阻抗匹配，达成涵盖GSM900/DCS/PCS/UMTS系统的四个操作频带；在第四章中，采用倒F形架构并使用耦合馈入方式，使得长辐射金属臂在低频900 MHz附近产生共振，产生低频基频模态及高阶模态，以达成宽频及频宽涵盖GSM900/DCS/PCS/UMTS频带操作，并有效缩减使用体积；最后，分别比较此三种架构的优缺点，再加以业界角度来思考，研发产品天线的流程及思考方向，以及天线应用於可携式导航装置中未来的展望作为本论文的总结。

Using electric operation controlled lifting system so that the floating plate safe, stable, powerful stress job to ensure that the molding, simpler and quicker. 2 strong suction system without phase vacuum suction, negative pressure may have been the ideal state, the use of more convenient. 3 equipment, power can achieve the best working state of the lowest electricity consumption standards. 4 soften me with automatic temperature control system can be made under different heating plate settings required. 5 operating system, the use of numerical control system to operate, effective improve the efficiency of the operator. 6 advanced technology can be a cooling suction pressure molding, may also be under the light box, the different effects of the word alone or in a separate suction pressure, so that light boxes, forming a word.

产品特点：1。采用电操作控升降系统，使浮动板安全，平稳，工作压力强大，确保成型更简便，快捷。2 吸气系统功能强劲，无需阶段吸真空，可一直处于理想负压状态，使用更方便。3 设备功率可达到最佳工作状态的最低电耗标准。4 软化箱装有自动恒温控制系统，可根据板材不同的加温需要设定。5 操作系统采用数控系统操作，有效的提高了操作人员的工作效率。6 技术先进，可吸压冷却一次成型，也可根据灯箱，字的不同效果，单独吸或单独压，使灯箱，字一次成型。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。