有效性

This dissertation proposes group reasoning and group AHP-based GDSS structure and its decision steps to solve the problems existing in research of theory and application of GDSS. Besides, the dissertation also studies the method of group reasoning on rough-set and qualitative reasoning method basis in GDSS. It also studies on constructing method of hierarchy structure of group AHP in GDSS and combinative method of judgment matrixes. Moreover, it studies on method regarding construction of judgment matrixes on rough set based and optimization theory of convex combination parameters of judgment matrixes as well. Finally, it develops an AHP based GDSS to demonstrate the efficiency of these methods.(1) This dissertation also summarizes the developing trend of GDSS and analyses problems as regards the research of GDSS.

本论文针对GDSS理论研究及应用中存在的若干问题，提出了基于群体推理及群体层次分析法的GDSS结构，并给出了基于该结构的GDSS的决策程序；研究了GDSS环境下的基于粗糙集理论及定性推理技术的群体推理方法，并举例说明了方法的有效性；研究了GDSS环境下群体AHP层次结构的建立、判断矩阵集结的理论与方法；研究了判断矩阵凸组合系数的优化原理；探讨了基于Rough Set的判断矩阵构造方法；开发了一个基于AHP的GDSS原型系统，旨在验证本文关于GDSS环境下群体AHP有关方法的有效性。

In this paper,samples as a sensitive issue in two kinds of random survey answered model,from two angles of a large sample theory and a small sample theory respectively,the estimates obtained by the quantity of unbiasedness ,effectiveness,consistency of the strength of the areas of evaluation and assessment are to survey it is reasonable and effective.

以敏感问题调查中两种随机化回答模型为例，分别从小样本理论和大样本理论两个角度，对所得到的估计量进行无偏性、有效性、强弱相合性等方面的评估，从而评价此种统计调查方法的合理性和有效性，最后给出两种模型的实例分析。

The nonlinear one-dimensional advective equation and the twodimensional inertial wave equations are used to verify the validity of the VCA technique and the new method of calculating the step size.

本论文也同时结合了非线性一维平流方程和二维惯性波方程进行了具体数值试验，从而验证了VCA技术对模式修正的有效性以及推导出的计算优化步长公式的有效性

by analyzing internal and exterior factors working on the validity of professional sports service production institution, the paper concludes that on the one hand, with ectogenic, compellent, defective structure low maneuverability and human degree in the chinese professional sports production institutions, which result in low validity of professional sports production institution in china; on the other hand, for the whole nation systems and common property right dominated by china government, china economy systems' transition, confucian culture that pays more attention to academic knowledge, whereas despise on physical force, which greatly influence the efficiency of professional sports service production institution.

摘 要：通过分析影响竞技体育生产制度有效性的内在因素和外部因素，得出：一方面，中国竞技体育生产制度由于其外生与强制性、制度结构欠缺、可执行性程度低、人性化程度差等原因导致其制度有效性低，另一方面，中国政府主导的&举国体制&和竞技体育的公共产权、中国经济体制转轨、&重文轻体&的儒家文化极大地影响竞技体育生产制度效率的发挥。

Some soil chemical properties, as pH of soils, cation exchange capacity, calcium carbonate, ferriferous oxide and organic matter are studied. Chromium speciation is mainly affected by soil pH, CEC and calcium carbonate, but little by ferriferous oxide and organic matter.

所研究的土壤化学性质中，土壤pH值、阳离子交换量以及碳酸盐量对土壤铬形态分布及生物有效性影响较大，铁氧化物与有机质含量对土壤铬形态的分布及生物有效性有一定的影响。

It shows that it is noncorrelation between chemical availability and biological availability, it is indispensable to search new method for the right solution to the problem.

说明现有的化学有效性测定方法和生物有效性间的相关性较弱，有必要探求新的测试方法。

Corn seedling were grown for 5 harvests in pot experiments to evaluate potassium supplycapacity of the soils.Results indicated that when soil avaliable potassium decreased,the dryplant matter was firstly affected,secondly was the total uptake of potassium by plant,then was thepotassium content in plant.Exchangeable,nonexchangeable and mineral potassium wereavaliable for plant,but the contribution of each potassium form was depended on soil types.

本文在研究褐土、潮土不同层次土壤的供钾特性、土壤各形态钾素的动力学行为以及小麦根系对钾素的吸收动力学特征的基础上，以玉米幼苗从土壤中的吸钾量为对照，考察了土壤钾素动力学特征与土壤钾素生物有效性的关系，运用热力动力学理论建立了土—根系统中的钾素能态链，并确立了土壤钾素生物有效性的能态指标。

This chapter mainly expounds basic quantitative monetary theory and model, then thinks that monetary neutrality and nonneutrality is the important premise of whether the monetary policy is effective or not.

本章重点论述了一些基本的货币数量理论及模型，并且认为货币政策是否具有有效性的重要前提是货币中性命题是否成立，并展开阐述了凯恩斯主义的货币需求动机理论，概述了不同经济学派对货币政策有效性的主要观点和结论。

In this paper, according to the features of assessment index for the cleaner production, the unexpected input, the multi-usage of resources and energy is used as output, while the unexpected output, index of pollutants as input. Then the data envelopment analysis is applied to assess the cleaner production schemes for enterprises to find out the nonpaying schemes. Then improve the nonpaying schemes into effective ones.

本文根据清洁生产评价指标的特征，将资源能源综合利用指标等非期望输入等作为一种输出，污染物指标等非期望输出作为一种输入，引入到数据包络分析模型中，对企业的清洁生产方案进行科学客观的有效性评价，并找出非有效的方案，时其进行有效性改进。

And the particularity originated from the beyond reasonable doubt probative standard of the transfer of burden of proof in the criminal lawsuits is the higher requirement of the validity of the public prosecutor's initial claim ,but lower of the dependant's refutatory claim.

刑事举证责任转移的来源于无合理怀疑证明标准的特殊性表现是公诉人初次主张的有效性要求较高，被告方反驳主张的有效性要求较低。

It seems likely that Kraft will return with a better offer.

看起来卡夫要重新考虑一个更好的出价了。

But he'd rather burn off my feelers and watch me squirm.

可他却放任那个家伙对我为所欲为！