有效性

In this paper we disscuss a test of changing market effifiency based on a time varying parameter model with generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity in mean structure of the residuals.

内容摘要：本文以上海综指和深圳综指为研究对象，研究1990年12月至2005年8月的上证综指和1991年12月至2005年8月的深圳综指的静态有效性和动态有效性，及可能的渐进有效路径。

With interesting, practice, with for grasper, enhance colloquial classroom effectiveness

基于以趣、练、用为抓手，提高口语课堂有效性以趣、练、用为抓手，提高口语课堂有效性

Based on the former for a lot of imprecise ...

本文在前人研究的基础上，针对快速路规划阶段许多数据的不准确性和快速路运输有效性的含义，利用IDEA方法建立了城市快速路运输有效性的评价模型，并进行了实证研究。

The plants feel the availability of external support mainly at individual's level, the morphological and biomass characteristics of branches are affected indistinctively by external support with different availability.

对外界支持物有效性的感知主要发生在个体水平，不同有效性的外界支持物对分枝形态特征和生物量特征影响不显著。

In recent years, the macro-control efficiency of monetary policy has been improved greatly in China. However, there are still many problems showing ineffectiveness.

近几年来我国货币政策调控有效性有了很大的提高，但仍不如人意，表现出许多非有效性方面的问题。

Both add to agency costs and loss of social welfare, resulting in inefficacy of assessment and reward.

官员的业绩不能准确考核，官员就会出现道德风险，官员得不到货币奖励，就会出现经济行为政治目的，两者都会增加代理成本和社会福利的损失，导致激励考核有效性缺乏和激励有效性缺乏。

In the second part, we give the analyses mode. On the base of research the literature on validity of system, author gave the analyses mode on how to research the validity of the intendance system of Government Procurement.

笔者在对前人关于制度有效性研究成果进行分析的基础上，提出我国政府采购监督制度有效性的分析框架，认为有效的政府采购监督制度必须满足两个基本要件：该制度必须是符合目标的；该制度必须是符合条件的。

Therefore, this article depend on the objective valid theory in Kantianism as coordinates, has carried on the frame posture historical inspection to in the western philosophy thought related theory re...

为此，本文以康德哲学中的客观有效性理论为坐标，对西方哲学思想中的相关理论资源进行了框架式的历史考察，并初步提出了基于时间性的马克思哲学解决方案；另一方面，从必然与自由、以及理想与现实两维度，联系历史追溯对客观有效性问题的理论蕴涵进行了分析。

In this paper, the theory, algorithm, and experiment of automatic object detection and tracking are studied in depth. It is firstly pointed out that the essential of Mean Shift method is a special Newton-Gaussian method. A new method named Fast Mean Shift is established to stretch the conservative step of Mean Shift method. The convergence and validity of this new method are proved in theory. And it is also proved that the convergence speed of Fast Mean Shift is faster than that of Mean Shift. The contrast experiments of searching the maximum possibility density of random of data sets in plane and 3D space are done. The results show that this new method can reduce the iterations greatly. A new object tracking method based on Fast Mean Shift is built to improve the object tracking performance, which is shown in the face tracking experiment with the tennis sequence provided by the Ohio State University, and the car tracking experiment with the car sequence provided by Kalsruhe University. The face trcking experiment with highly noised images show that the object tracking method based on Fast Mean Shift has strong anti-jamming ability. A new fast color object detection technology based on characteristic color is established, which use characteristic color distribution to compute the characteristic color vector of any area in an image quickly. With the high performance search method, the fast object detection is achieved. At last, using object tracker based on Fast Mean Shift and color object detector based on characteristic color with the Kalman filter, PID controller, searial communication and other technologies, automatic object detection and tracking system with control system is built. The availability and anti-jamming ability of this system are verified by some object detection and tracking tests in different scenes.

本文对目标自动识别与跟踪进行了理论、计算、试验三方面的深入研究，主要包括：首次指出了目标跟踪技术中常用的均值迁移方法的本质为一种特殊的高斯-牛顿方法，改进了均值迁移方法步长取值保守的弱点，建立了快速均值迁移方法，证明了该方法的收敛性、有效性以及收敛速度优于均值迁移方法；进行了平面和3维随机分布数据集的最大概率密度搜索对比试验，试验结果表明，快速均值迁移方法大大减少了迭代次数；建立了基于快速均值迁移的目标跟踪方法，利用俄亥俄州立大学提供的乒乓球序列图像和卡斯鲁厄大学的汽车序列图像，对人脸和汽车目标跟踪性能分别进行了对比试验，并进行了高噪声人脸图像目标跟踪试验，结果表明，基于快速均值迁移的目标跟踪方法有效提高了目标跟踪性能，具有很强的抗干扰能力；建立了一种新型彩色目标自动识别方法，采用特征色彩分布函数实现了对任意图像区域特征色彩矢量的快速计算，建立了高效的搜索方法，实现了彩色目标的快速识别；将基于快速均值迁移方法的目标跟踪方法、基于特征色彩的目标识别方法与卡尔曼滤波、PID控制、串行通讯等技术结合，建立了带有控制系统的快速目标自动识别与跟踪系统，并在不同场景下进行了目标自动识别与跟踪试验，验证了快速目标自动识别与跟踪系统的有效性和抗干扰能力。

The results show that the KPW scheme is not a nominative signature scheme since the nominator not only can verify and prove the validity of given signatures but also can convert given signatures into universally verifiable signatures, and that the PL scheme is only a self-authentication signature scheme since anyone can verify the validity of given signatures.

摘要该文分别对一个指名签名方案和一个指名代理签名方案进行分析，结果表明：在KPW方案中签名人不仅能验证而且也能向第三方证明签名的有效性，甚至能将签名转化为通常的自认证签名，因此不是指名签名方案；在PL方案中任何人都可验证签名的有效性，它只是一个自认证签名方案。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失