有效功率

PIC results show that the occurrence of absolute instability is determined by the operating current.

通过PIC模拟，给出了采用无损耗波导结构，且工作电流为25A和10A条件下的放大器频谱图和功率图，结果表明绝对不稳定性的出现与否主要由工作电流是否超过起振的阈值电流决定，损耗波导是抑制绝对不稳定性的有效手段。

Five minutes is the optimal irradiation time for ALA-PDT by Xe lamp under the same irradiation conditions. Irradiation injury caused by the light alone was slight, but the destruction rate of ALA-PDT was very high. Conclusion: Xe lamp's action spectrum is wider and it's power is higher, so it's better than 532 nm laser for ALA-PDT.

结果：532 nm连续激光和脉冲激光对K562细胞的ALA-PDT抑制率均较低，增加光剂量也不能有效提高ALA-PDT的抑制率；氙灯在功率密度为350 mW/平方公分、光照5 min时就能达到最佳的光剂量，此时单纯光照对K562细胞的光损伤作用很小且ALA-PDT效率很高。

We firstly bring forward and realize technologies of arbitrarily shaping laser pulse in the time domain by chirped pulse stacking, programmablely shaping spatial intensity by crystal liquid diaphragm, focused spot smoothing using angular spectrum dispersion by special gratings and detecting and compensating the small patch wave front aberration. Precise, programmable, efficient and \'all parameters\' condition of high power laser system has been obtained.

首次提出并实现了啁啾脉冲堆积型的时间波形任意整形；液晶光阀可编程光强空间整形；特殊光栅光谱角色散焦斑束平滑和小尺度波前畸变的探测和补偿，从而对高功率激光系统的激光束实现了高精度、可编程、有效的"全息"控制。

Detailed contents are given as follows:(1)In views of the x-ray laser target chamber on the SG-II high-power laser facility and the experimentally physical demands, the key influencing factors, such as the elliptical eccentricity and the spectral detection angle, on the angular dispersion, the spectral resolution,and the photometric parameter were studied by the elliptical self-focusing geometric principle. In order to increase the spectral and spatial resolution, using ray tracing code and optical path function, optimization calculation was carried out for an elliptical crystal spectrometer.

进一步以此为核心开发出了一种新型的X射线测量与诊断系统，取得了一些新的科研成果，可为王王淦淦昌昌院士、王大珩院士二老倡导研制成的用于国防科研、激光惯性约束聚变、强激光与物质相互作用、X射线激光等物理研究的大型钕玻璃高功率"神光II"激光装置上的物理实验提供更有效的诊断X射线谱手段，扩充了其应用范围，也对激光等离子体辐射keV以上能区段的X光发射和吸收的原子物理过程与机制、占据动力学、谱形态结构等方面做了深入一步的理论和实验研究。

The numerical results show that LQR could control the power flow transmission at the natural frequencies of the coupled system, but increase power transmission at the antiresonance frequencies. The position of the sensors in feedback control is important to the effect of the active isolation and the closedloop's stability.

研究结果表明：线性二次调节器可有效地控制系统共振时振动能量向基础的传递，但增加了系统反共振区域功率流的传递；在输出反馈控制中，从系统稳定性和可实现性上考虑，传感器应布置于隔振器与机器的连接点处。

The designed terminal can collect too many electric parameters such as voltage RMS, current RMS, digital waveform of voltage and current, active power, reactive power, apparent power, frequency and current temperature etc.

该终端可以采集三相电压、电流的有效值，三相电压、电流的数字波形，三相有功、无功、视在功率，频率，现场温度等各种电力参数，还可以同时采集3路脉冲量，8路模拟量。

The designed terminal can collect too many electric parameters such as voltage RMS, current RMS, digitalwaveform of voltage and current, active power, reactive power, apparent power, frequency and current temperature etc.

该终端可以采集三相电压、电流的有效值，三相电压、电流的数字波形，三相有功、无功、视在功率，频率，现场温度等各种电力参数，还可以同时采集3路脉冲量，8路模拟量。

The average active power in intermittent operations can be displayed, which is highly effective for consumed-power measurements.

间歇性的平均经营活动的权力都可以显示，这是非常有效的消耗功率测量。

The simulation results show that the vector control system based on this improved scheme has better dynamic and static performance. It solves a lot of problems such as larger error in the MRAS based on the back electromotive force when the motor runs across the zero speed and the instability based on the instantaneous reactive power in the regenerating mode and has high estimating precision.

仿真表明基于该方法的矢量控制系统动静态性能好，能有效解决反电动势模型参考自适应方法在速度过零点辨识误差大以及瞬时无功功率模型参考自适应方法在转速给定为负阶跃时转速不稳定问题，转速估计精度高。

Speakers import modules with a combination of : titanium membrane Treble, and with fiberglass trumpet, better high frequency extension stronger sense of space; Bass modules using imported pulp Senate carbon fiber, rigid speaker cone greatly strengthened, the effective bandwidth within a more flat frequency response and bass modules using aluminum frame and aluminum wire voice coil. Shaker skeleton of the United States military material, light weight, high efficiency, so that the audio sound pressure increased significantly. more males, bass magnetic circuit using high efficiency of the cooling system to ensure that the speakers have very good heat dissipation, reduce distortion, effectively reduce the power to the compression.

跟进口喇叭单元的结合：采用钛膜高音，配以玻璃钢号角，使高频得到更好的延伸，空间感更强；低音单元采用进口纸浆参碳纤维，纸盆刚性大大加强，在有效的频宽内有更平坦的频率回应，低音单元采用铝盆架和铝扁线音圈，音圈骨架为美国军事物料制造，品质轻，效率高，使音频的声压大幅度提高，更具爆发力，低音磁路采用高效率的冷却系统，保证了扬声器有很好的散热，减少失真，有效降低功率的压缩给。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。