有效公式

Firstly, a generalized spectral dyadic Green's function formulation of multidielectric-layer structures is derived with three dimension sources, which is a set of closed form formulas, and is different from available iterative expressions for two dimension source.

论文从理论和实验上系统地研究了多介质层单频和双频微带天线，推导出新的理论计算公式，提出有效的数值计算方法，研制出新型式的双频微带天线，得。。。

The computation results show a good effect and give a reduction of errors.

计算结果表明，计算公式计算效果良好，有效的减少了计算中的误差。

The DFP method is proved a officient one in processing unconstrainted optimization problem, so in this thesis, used the idea of mechanical structural optimization for reference analytically and extended modified formula of DFP—matrix to shape optimiation the DFP—Hamilton function method is put forward.

由于变尺度方法是有效的无约束优化方法，本文在分析的基础上借鉴了机械结构参数优化的思想，并将变尺度矩阵的修正公式扩展至形状优化中去，进而提出了变尺度—H函数极值法，并用其解决了梁、柱和复杂曲面的形状优化设计问题，取得了较好的效果。

A series of theoretical and experimental studies on the microstrip patch antennas with dielectric superstrates is carried out systematically. Firstly, a comprehensive survey of the microstrip antenna technology and its theories are presented. Then, two analysis techniques, named as the spectral domain Green's function method and the spectral domain integral equation method are developed. The SDGF method is a simplified analysis technique, which takes advantage of the spectral domain immittance approach to find the dyadic Green's function for the stratified media, and obtains the complete closed-form formulas for radiation patterns, directivity, efficiency, gain etc. Some interesting calculated results are presented. The SDIE method is capable of determining resonant frequency, radiation characteristics, input impedance etc, for the covered microstrip patch antennas. Comparing with other full-wave analyses it reduced computation and mathematical labour remarkably. The singularities near the pole location of the surface-wave modes and the difficulty of the integral computation over infinite range of oscillating integrands are dealt with actively and documented well. Results predicted by the SDIE method agree extremely well with our experimental results for resonant frequencies of various superstrates. The superstrate effects on impedance and radiation characteristics also have been investigated experimentally so that the gap due to lack of measured data and computed results for multi-layered superstrate has been filled to some degrees and two useful observations have been achieved for weakening the resonant frequency shift and optimizing the microstrip antenna gain. As a meaningful application, the design and analysis of a 4×4 patch array are introduced.

实用微带天线普遍加介质覆盖层来防护热，物理损伤和环境影响，也可能在飞行或严酷气候条件下自然形成覆盖层本论文对带介质覆盖层的微带贴片天线系统地作了一系列理论和实验研究首先，对微带天线技术和理论作了全面的综述然后，发展了两种分析方法，称为谱域格林函数法和谱域积分方程法SDGF法是一种简化的分析技术，它利用谱域导抗法来求得分层媒质的并矢格林函数，并得出方向图、方向性系数、增益等参数的完整的闭式公式，给出了一些令人感兴趣的计算结果SDIE法能确定介质覆盖微带天线的谐振频率、辐射特性和输入阻抗等与其它全波分析方法相比，它明显减小了计算量和数学工作量已有效地处理了表面波模极点附近的奇异性和对振荡的被积函数的无限区间积分计算的困难对于不同覆盖层情况下的谐振频率，由SDIE法所预示的结果与我们的实验结果吻合得很好对于覆盖层对阻抗和辐射特性的影响也已作了实验研究这在某种程度上填补了缺少实验数据和计算结果之间的间隙，并得出了缓解谐振频率偏移和优化天线增益的两点有用的结论作为有意义的应用，介绍了一个4×4元矩形贴片天线阵的设计和分析。

According to our teaching practice,effective applications of some relative calculus background knowledge in teaching are given,such as introduction of real number ,Newton-Leibniz s formula,principle of integrability,meaning of infinite series.

结合教学实践，讨论了实数的引入，Newton-Leibniz公式，无穷级数，函数的可积性准则这几个相关的微积分背景知识在教学中的有效运用。

In this thesis, the results of extremal work path theory are adopted, and the FEM based on deformation theory is formulated. The Inverse Finite Element Approach in sheet metal forming is studied in detail, and an Object-Oriented Finite Element Analysis program is developed, which provides rapid and effective means for stamping process planning and die design.

本文运用极值路径理论推导出基于形变理论的有限元公式，研究了钣料成形有限元逆算法，开发了面向对象的有限元分析程序，为冲压工艺和模具设计提供了快速有效的分析手段。

Based on conducting P/S wave joint inversion formula and ascertaining the inversion process, we make the P/S wave inversion of some seismic line of Sulige gas field, obtain the P wave impedance, S wave impedance and the V/V and limit distribution range of low speed mudstone, tight sandstone and effective sandstone respectively.

据此，在推导纵横波联合反演公式和确定反演过程的基础上，对苏里格气田某测线进行纵横波联合反演，得到纵波阻抗、横波阻抗和纵横波速度比，从而确定了低速泥岩、致密砂岩与有效砂岩的分布范围。

Algorithm for determining the lower limit of the iterated times in IFSP;2. Stratigraphical division and lower limit of the Quaternary in Hunan;3. At present, the approximate solution of Voigt and Reuss's upper limit or lower limit and the calculating formula of Hashin and Shtrikman's upper limit or lower limit are accurate.

计算复合材料有效弹性模量上、下限的方法中，Voigt和Reuss的上、下限近似解及Hashin和Shtrikman的上、下限计算公式较为精确，但Voigt-Reuss近似解通常忽略了各向异性非均匀体的研究，是一个不全面的结果。

The technique gives analytical formulae for the noise performance of inductively degenerated CMOS low noise amplifier circuits with an ideal gate inductor for a fixed bias voltage and nonideal gate inductor for a fixed power dissipation, respectively, by mathematical analysis and reasonable approximation methods.

针对定偏置电压下理想栅电感和定功耗下的非理想栅电感两种情形，利用数学分析和合理的近似方法分别进行了详细的讨论，给出了简洁而有效的分析设计公式。

Such as Markowitz"s modern assets portfolio theory, Sharp, Minter and Mossin"s Capital Assets Price Model; Ross"s Arbitrage Pricing Theory; Black-Scholes"s the option of fixes the price classical capital market theories. They are all based on EMH.

例如马克维兹现代资产组合理论，Sharp、Minter、Mossin的资本资产定价模型，罗斯的套利定价理论，Black-Scholes的期权定价公式等经典资本市场理论，都是以有效市场假设为前提的或者与之有密切的联系。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了