有效

The projection gradient method will be a possible way to solve the problem that we just get. It has been shown that the projections of the every directions, of which is the boundary point in linear restraint problems, are the possible decent directions, and the projection of negative grads direction is a decent direction. In 1960, Rosen proposed the basic idea of projection gradient methods, and then lots of researchers have been tried to find the convergence of this method. But most of them get the convergence with the condition to amend the convergence itself.

在约束最优化问题的算法中怎样寻找有效的下降方向是构造算法的重要内容，在寻找下降方向方面可行方向法中的投影梯度法有效的解决了下降方向的寻找问题，利用线性约束问题边界点的任意方向在边界上的投影都是可行方向，而负梯度方向的投影就是一个下降方向。60年代初Rosen提出投影梯度法的基本思想，自从Rosen提出该方法以后，对它的收敛性问题不少人进行了研究，但一般都是对算法作出某些修正后才能证明其收敛的，直到最近对Rosen算法本身的收敛性的证明才予以解决。

On the assumption that a triplet of points is matched to another one as a whole beforehand, we give an effective algorithm based on P〓-invariants. On the assumption that there exists an arbitrary closed curve in the scene plane, using a technique named projectively invariant decomposition of planar shapes, we realize another efficient algorithm.

在假设已知一对三点组整体对应的前提下，基于对排序和投影同时保持不变的P〓-不变量，给出了一种有效算法；在假设场景点集所在平面内存在一条封闭曲线的前提下，利用平面形状射影不变分解技术，提出了另一种有效算法。

In the framework of separable locally convex metric spaces, we give scalarization theorems on Benson proper efficiency and study Benson proper efficient solutions of vector optimization problems involving nearly subconvexlike set-valued maps.

中文摘要：本文在可分局部凸距离空间的框架下，给出了Benson真有效点的标量化定理，并研究了几乎次类凸集值映射向量优化问题的Benson真有效解。

Methods: The study population was physicians of accredited regional general hospitals in central Taiwan. The amount of samples for all levels hospitals depended on proportional sampling. Totally, 920 copies of questionnaires were issued. Among them, the valid questionnaires were 506 copies and valid response rate was 55%. Data collection was by means of structured questionnaires.

研究对象为中部地区医院评鉴等级为地区级以上综合医院之医师，依比率抽样方式决定各层级医院之样本数，共发出920份问卷，有效问卷共计 506份，有效问卷回收率为 55%，藉由结构式问卷收集资料。

It would certainly not be proper for the court to pronounce against part of a will as a means of expressing its disapproval of the propounder.

5.8 本身是御用大律师的暂委法官 Jules Sher 只向被告人 Geoffrey 宣布该遗嘱部份有效，但是没有宣布上述这部份有效，这是因为一个名为"正义的交易"的"法则"。

The objective of the research was to explore the effective method of extracting ursolic acid from Prunella vulgaris L.

探索从夏枯草中有效提取熊果酸的有效方法。

Rna - Rns, see "Partitioning of net radiation", for multiple plants the fraction of radiation to each plant is calculated in the radiation section, see "Partitioning of radiation between plants", es is the vapour pressure at saturation, ea is the actual vapour pressure,ρa is air density, cp is the specific heat of air at constant pressure, Lν is the latent heat of vaporisation,Δ is the slope of saturated vapour pressure versus temperature curve,γ is the psychrometer "constant", rs is an "effective" surface resistance and ra is the aerodynamic resistance.

潜在蒸腾量 Etp 根据Monteith(1965)给出的彭曼联合方程形式计算：式中： Rn 为对于蒸腾的有效净辐射量(也就是 Rna - Rns ，见"净辐射划分"-Partitioning of net radiation，对于多重植被，每一株植物的辐射比率的计算见辐射一节的"植物间的辐射划分"Partitioning of radiation between plants)； es 为饱和水气压；ea 为实际水气压；ρa 为空气密度； cp 为常压下的空气比热；Lν为汽化潜热；Δ为与温度曲线饱和水气压关系曲线斜率；γ为干湿球湿度计"常数"；rs 为"有效"表面阻力；ra 为气动阻力。

Discuss the theory of quantification, analyze the method that how to get the effective bits.

重点讨论了数据采集的量化理论，分析了如何有效地得到采集系统有效位数的原理和方法。

A questionnaire survey was carried on among the Hangzhou private vehicle owners by quota sampling, in addition to individual interviews.

在两个月时间内共发放问卷700份，其中有效回收问卷为296份，有效回收率为42.3％。

Based on the mutual fund market share of companies in the investment trust industry, quota sampling method was adopted to determine the sample size. The questionnaire survey was conducted with the convenience sampling method, using electronic questionnaires to collect primary data. A total of 423 questionnaires were distributed and 400 effective questionnaires were collected, comprising the effective return rate of 94.56%.

根据投信公司的基金规模市场占有率，采用配额抽样法分配抽样之样本数，每一投信公司依分配之样本数以便利抽样法选取受访者，以电子问卷作为搜集初级资料的工具，共计发出问卷423份，回收有效问卷400份，有效回收率为94.56%。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。