有故障

The best of today's switches and relays have low-resistance contacts and other features that enable them to work well with automated supervisory control systems, yet they permit an on-site operator to quickly take over if computers fail, even in brownout conditions.

如今最好的开关和继电器有低接触阻抗和其他特点，使它们能很好的与自动监控系统结合，但如果计算机故障了，甚至在停电情况下，允许现场进行操作来快速切除故障。

So it is of great importance to detect the signal discontinuity.

在故障诊断中，故障通常表现为输出信号发生突变，因而对突变点的检测有非常重要的意义。

Thirdly, it collect the ship mechanical accidents of the main Chinese shipping company ,and then sorts them out as four items: equipmentname, typical trouble, monitoring parameters, consequence; uncovers the internal relation among man,machine,circumstance and management, establishes a relation database between condition monitoring and typical trouble for the engine-room equipments ; refering to the SMSC-2000 marine engine-room simulator in Shanghai Maritime University, it divides the engine-room system into eight subsystems, designs the monitoring interfaces which is marked with the monitoring parameters, detects the running engine-room machine by use of trouble analysis and information syncretizing, and builds up the condition monitoring system of engine-room machines.

其次，对近十几年来的国内主要航运企业中的重大船舶机损事故搜集，按设备名称、典型故障、监测参数和后果进行整理、分析和总结；揭示了船舶机损事故中人、机、环境和管理之间的内在联系：以我院的轮机模拟器SMSC-2000参照，把船舶机舱各设备划分为8大系统，确定了标注有监测参数的各系统简图，并运用信息融合和故障诊断技术对机舱重要设备的运行状态进行监测，建立起机舱设备的运行监测系统。再次，提出了以人、机、环境和管理四大安全要素为评估指标，给出了四者间的权重系数计算方法，提出了线性加权综合模型来最终对机舱设备进行安全评估，得出安全等级，指导船舶管理人员进行管理。

In reality, the machines in the ICU have many fail-safe backup systems so that mechanical failure is rare.

在现实中，ICU机器都有很多故障保险备份系统，因此，出现机械故障的可能性很小。

There are four main topics in this paper:(1) improvement of BP networks algorithm;(2) improvement of BP networks structure, and applying the improved BP networks to the prediction of the time series with certain increasing or decreasing tendency;(3) using the BP networks to diagnose the vibration faults of steam turbines;(4) prediction on the cleanliness rate of steam condenser and the fuzzy diagnosis for condenser based on BP networks.

本文主要研究了四个问题：(1)完善和改进了BP网络的训练算法；(2)BP网络结构的改进研究，并将其应用于汽轮机故障这类有确定性递增趋势的时间序列的预测中；(3)BP网络应用于汽轮机的振动故障诊断研究；(4)基于BP网络的凝汽器清洁率的预测方法及模糊诊断研究。

For the tracking system, the means that can intellectively assist the fault diagnosis and maintenance is significant. Then we can avoid relying heavily on the experiences of the engineers and can reduce the probability of the event that engineers climb up to the antenna with heavy instruments when the faults turn out. For the data channel, to get the high-qualified remote sensing images, we need to get the quantitative data about how the factors influence the BER of Receiver .The data can help the design of receiver and the evaluation of the performance of a receiver. This thesis mainly contains those two parts.

对于跟踪系统，研究一套能辅助系统故障诊断及维护的智能手段是非常有意义的，这样系统维护时可以避免过多依赖技术人员的维护经验，特别是接收天线发生故障时携带仪器攀爬天线的情况；对于数据通道，面对高质量的遥感图像数据要求，我们需要得到影响接收机误码性能的各主要因素对应的量化数据，这些数据对于接收机的设计及性能评估是非常有帮助的。

If global air-failure and valve is kept as FC, steam to reboiler will fail close, reflux will fail open, hence likely that safety valve will not blow.

如果整体气源中断，而阀保持故障关，到再沸器的蒸汽将故障关闭，回流将故障打开，因此有可能安全阀不会打开泄放。

When left when the test-drive after repair in shop main engine is adding this ship to 540r/min, supercharger occurrence asthma brace up phenomenon, rotate speed lifts slightly again, noise shakes very big, smoke evacuation temperature is normal, hair of on the high side of temperature of air inlet duct is very hot, as good as of smoke evacuation smoke constant, supercharger rotor rotate speed and the rotate speed of right leader supercharger that work normally comparative. 2 breakdown analyse this model diesel engine supercharger breathes heavily brace up the reason has the following sides. Bearing of 1 supercharger rotor damages, bring about on the low side of supercharger rotor rotate speed or wave motion, make inadequacy of compressor part air feed and diesel engine and its demand do not match, bring about air current not to stabilize generation to breathe heavily brace up. 2 diesel engine offers oil, match gas to time forbid, match gas, draw well time and disorder, bring about supercharger to breathe heavily brace up. 3 supercharger nozzle jams, cause smoke evacuation not free, circumfluence of exhaust stroke waste gas, enter jackknife of new energy of life with the below one stroke that take energy of life, produce air current to hit generation to breathe heavily brace up. Canal of 4 smoke evacuation jams, smoke evacuation not free, bring about waste gas circumfluence, hit generation of new energy of life to breathe heavily brace up. 5 jams into gas mouth, enter gas inadequacy, generation breathes heavily brace up. 3 trouble removal are based on above analysis, adopt the following measure to remove trouble.

该舰在厂修后试车时左主机在加至540r/min时，增压器出现喘振现象，转速再略升高，声响震动很大，排烟温度正常，进气管温度偏高发烫，排烟烟色无异常，增压器转子转速和正常工作的右主机增压器转速相当。2故障分析该型柴油机增压器喘振的原因有以下几个方面。1增压器转子轴承损坏，导致增压器转子转速偏低或波动，使得压气机部分供气不足和柴油机及其需求不匹配，导致气流不稳定产生喘振。2柴油机供油、配气定时不准，配气、发火定时紊乱，导致增压器喘振。3增压器喷嘴堵塞，导致排烟不畅，排气冲程废气回流，和下一进气冲程进新气重叠，发生气流冲撞产生喘振。4排烟管堵塞，排烟不畅，导致废气回流，冲撞新气产生喘振。5进气口堵塞，进气不足，产生喘振。3故障排除基于以上分析，采取以下办法排除故障。

With the fast development of railway passenger market, the inverter is widely used, but the working circumstances are quite unfavorable for inverters, such as humidity, high temperature, strong mechanical shock, over-voltage and over-current, which result in high failure ratio of inviters.

车载逆变器的工作环境中存在着高湿、高温、强烈震动、过电压过电流冲击等不利因素，从而导致了逆变器具有较高的故障概率，为了提高逆变器故障检修的效率与准确度，研究智能化的逆变器故障自动诊断系统具有十分重要的意义。

Is not properly set the parameters of CMOS settings for the main parameters of the hard disk, floppy drive, memory types, as well as the password, the machine the boot sequence, the virus warning switch and so on.

硬件本身故障硬件出现故障，除与其自身的质量有关外，也可能是因负荷太重或其它原因引起的，如电源的功率不足或CPU超频使用等，均可能引起计算机的故障。

Plunder melds and run with this jewel!

掠夺melds和运行与此宝石！

My dream is to be a crazy growing tree and extend at the edge between the city and the forest.

此刻，也许正是在通往天国的路上，我体验着这白色的晕旋。