有托叶的

Leaves whorled, exstipulate, united at base; petiole cuneate, with 4-8 laciniate bristles; leaf blade articulated at base into 2 segments forming a trap for small, aquatic animals.

叶卷成，无托叶，基部合生；叶柄楔形，具条裂刚毛；成为2裂片的叶片基部有节为小，水生的动物形成一个陷阱。

Stipules small, intrapetiolarly united, deciduous; leaf blade simple, margin generally serrate, rarely entire; secondary veins curved upward, especially near margin, not joining in a submarginal vein.

小的托叶，叶柄内结合，脱落；单叶，一般的边缘有锯齿，很少全缘；次脉弄弯向上，特别是接近边缘的，不与近缘脉接合。

Leaves simple, stipulate, venation craspedodromous, margin serrate and lobed or partite, rarely entire.

单叶，具托叶，脉序craspedodromous，分裂的边缘有锯齿和浅裂的或，很少全缘。

Leaves apparently alternate, distichous; nanophylls present or absent, opposite to normal leaves; stipules 2; leaf blade 3-veined, one major lateral vein sometimes inserted above the base, or pinnately veined, base asymmetric, margin entire or serrate; cystoliths mostly present, linear or fusiform.

叶表面上互生，2列；微形叶宿存或无，对生于正常的叶；托叶2；叶片3脉，主要的一侧脉高于那些基部，或成羽状脉，基部不对称，边缘全缘或有锯齿；乳状体多数宿存，线或者纺锤形。

Leaves alternate, petiolate; stipules deciduous, intrapetiolar, incompletely connate, apex 2-cleft; leaf blade papery, pinnately veined or 3-veined, margin often coarsely dentate or serrate, rarely entire; cystoliths punctiform or botuliform.

叶互生，具叶柄；托叶脱落，叶柄内，不完全合生，顶2半裂；纸质的叶片，成羽状脉或3脉的，边缘通常粗牙齿或有锯齿，很少全缘；钟乳体点状或者香肠状。

Stigma ovoid-capitate, on short style; stipules persistent, reflexed at flowering; slender stoloniferous herb.

柱头卵球形头状，在短花柱上；托叶宿存，在花期反折；纤细的有匍匐茎的草本。

Shrubs, usually aerial hemiparasites on other seed plants, often spreading along host by runners, more rarely terrestrial root-parasitic shrubs or trees, nodes not articulated, glabrous or hairy, hairs often stellate or verticillate. Leaves opposite or alternate, stipules absent; petiole often indistinct; leaf blade simple, usually pinnately veined, margin entire.

灌木，通常半寄生在其它种子植物的树上，通过匍匐茎在寄主身上延伸，很少为根寄生的地生灌木或乔木，节没有关节，无毛或有毛，通常为星状毛或具毛轮，对生叶或交替，托叶无；叶柄不明显；单叶，通常羽状脉，边缘全缘。

Leaves opposite or whorled, serrate; stipules tiny; petioles connected by a transverse ridge on stem.

叶对生或轮生，有锯齿；托叶极小；在词干上一座横裂的脊连结的叶柄。

Leaves often on upper stems or branches, glabrous; stipules deciduous, ovate, very small; petiole 1.5-12 mm; leaf blade narrowly oblong, elliptic, or oblanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 8-20 × 2.2-4.5 cm, membranous or herbaceous, lateral veins 5-8 pairs, base attenuate or narrowly cuneate, margin crenate-serrate or undulate distally, apex acuminate; cystoliths slightly conspicuous or inconspicuous.

叶通常在上面茎或分枝上，无毛；托叶脱落，卵形，很小；叶柄1.5-12毫米；叶片狭长圆形，椭圆形，或倒披针形到长圆状披针形， 8-20 * 2.2-4.5 上部的厘米，膜质或草质，侧脉5-8 对，基部渐狭或狭楔形，边缘具圆齿有锯齿或波状，先端渐尖；钟乳体稍明显或不明显。

Mm, glabrous or adaxially sparsely setose, apically shortly acuminate, margin serrate; bases of petiole and petiolules without stipulelike appendages or with only hairlike appendages; pedicels rough; rootstock usually 1- or 2-fascicled

小叶约1毫米，无毛或稀疏刚毛，顶部短渐尖，边缘有锯齿；叶柄基部和小叶柄没有托叶状附属物或具毛状附属物的只；花梗粗糙；根茎通常1或2簇生 6

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。