有变形的

It is shown from this thesis that flow fields on synoptic maps can be decomposed into rotation and deformation fields. Geostrophic non-frictional cyclone and anticyclone vortex patterns are closed circulations around the center point, streamlines of frictional cyclone and anticyclone patterns have spiral forms around the focus point. Saddle fields have four vortex centers (two cyclones and two anticyclones) and a saddle point. Blocking high pressure and cut-off low pressure patterns consist of a vortex center and a saddle point.

本文说明了天气图上的流场可以分解为旋转场和变形场：地转无摩擦的气旋、反气旋的涡旋型式是围绕中心点的闭合环流；考虑摩擦的气旋、反气旋的流型是围绕焦点的螺旋型式；鞍型场有4个涡旋中心点（2个气旋和2个反气旋）与1个鞍点；阻塞高压和切断低压由1个涡旋中心点与1个鞍点组成。

This paper, which focused on the structure optimization theory and method, has finished such studies as follows: The three dimension model has been built, which provide the necessary conditions for the building of the dynamics equivalent model. By the launch dynamics simulation, the loads of the key joints when the rocket is launched has been got, which provide the necessary data for the finite element analysis and the structure optimization. The finite element model of the excess weight parts of the rocket has been built, buy the finite element intension analysis of the model in two conditions, the displacement and the stress of the key points have been got, which make us know the distributing of the stress and the transmogrification of the part. To satisfy the intension and the precision design request and to decrease the weight of the part as many as possible, the part has been topology optimized by the structure optimization theory and method. After that, the new model has been analysis in structure and launch dynamics. The contrast of the character change of the old part and the new part and the influence on the rocket system have been studied.

本文以结构优化理论和方法为核心，主要做了以下工作：建立了某自行火箭炮全炮三维实体模型，为建立该火箭炮系统的动力学等效模型提供了必要条件，进行了发射动力学仿真，得到该火箭炮发射装置各关键连接部位在发射状态下的载荷，为有限元分析和结构优化提供了必需的数据；建立了该火箭炮发射装置超重部分的有限元模型，分两种工况，对模型进行了有限元强度分析，得出了关键部位的位移和应力值，对其的应力和变形分布有了具体的了解；运用结构优化的理论和方法，对该火箭炮发射装置超重部分进行了拓扑优化，使其在满足强度和精度的要求下尽可能多地减轻重量，对优化后得到的模型进行了结构分析和发射动力学分析，对比了该部件优化前后的特性变化以及对火箭炮系统的影响。

The main components of the lathe are the headstock and tailstock at the oppoaite ends of a bed,and a tool-post between them which holds the cutting tool.the tool-post stands on a cross-side which enblesit to move sidewards across the saddle or carriage as well as along it,depending on the kind of job it is doing.the ordinary centre lathe can accommodat only one tool at at time on tool-post,but a turret lathe is capable of holding five or more tools on the revolving tueeet.

刀架位于一个纵面板上，小拖板使刀架能够根据加工操作的不同作纵向移动；同时又随大拖板作横向移动。普通顶尖车床只能在刀架上夹持一件刃具，但六角车床可以在其旋转的六角刀架上夹持五件或更多的刃具。车床的床身必须很牢固结实以避免在受力的时候弯曲和变形。请提问的同学最好参观一下工厂的金属切削/机加工车间。那里有车床，还有其他种类的金属切削机床。

The principle and design of bolting and shotcrete lining is expounded in detail in this article.

本文还详细阐述了喷锚支护的原理和设计原则，分析讨论了采动压力引起巷道变形及破坏的情况，对无支护及有支护情况下的软岩巷道的位移、应力及应变进行了模拟计算，并提出了相应的防治技术措施，这对软岩巷道的设计与施工具有一定的工程实际指导意义。

At the same time, some defects are pointed out: present fabrics are not properly applied, and most of looms can't produce woven perform whose property is similar in different directions. Their shearing strength are lower, utilization of mechanical properties are also smaller;Although three-dimensional braided composites is of excellent integrated structure, normal braided fiber is traveled from internal to external surface, which is passed through braider and becomes three-dimensional structure. If the external surface is cut or rubbed , it's possible for the fiber to break down. In addition , the shape of perform is easily changed after it's finished . To deal with respective shortcomings and highlight their own advantages, we're searching a new weaving method which is the combination between weaving and braiding .

但它们各自也具有许多缺点：目前机织物适应性不够，大多数织机还不能加工三维各向同性的机制预型件，材料剪切性能较低，力学性能利用率低；三维编织复合材料虽然具有良好的结构整体性，但常用的编织都是纤维从内表面穿到外表面，即穿过编织件的断面成三维结构，用这种方法制成的结构，如果外表面受到摩擦或切割损伤，就有可能导致结构的解体，此外编织结构的织物易变形，所以我们需要考虑一种新的结构，能同时发挥各自优势，又能同时克服二者缺点，这就是机织与编织结构相结合的方法。

The main tectonic features of the four stages mentioned above can be summarized as follows, gneissic basement and greenstone belt in the Archean, formation and rifting of ancient continental crust in the Transition, creation and disposal of the first supercontinent Columbia in the Paleoproterozoic-Mesoproterozoic, and the assembly and disassembly of the supercontinent Rodinea under plate tectonic framework in Neoproterozoic.

这四大阶段的主要构造面貌分别是：片麻岩基底和绿岩带盆地，古陆壳的形成与裂解，第一个超级大陆即哥伦比亚超大陆的形成与离散，板块构造体制下罗迪尼亚超大陆的汇聚与离散，反映了大陆岩石圈的形成和由低级向高级的演化，因而每一阶段都有不同于前一阶段的沉积建造、火成岩类型及组合、变质作用、构造样式、构造线方向、变形方式和成矿作用。

In order to provide an overall understanding on the basic theory and previous researches of wood chemical rheology, the author discusses some respects on the basis of the common knowledge of deformation and flow, which served as the foundation of wood chemical rheology. These respects include the results by Stein and Tobolsky, such as the correlation between the change of polymolecular structure and stress relaxation, the classification of physical rheology and chemical rheology, the difference between the research on wood chemical rheology and other methods, as well as a kind of non\|continuous method to measure stress relaxation proposed by Tobolsky \%et al.

为了使国内木材科学界对木材的化学流变学的基础理论及其研究概况有一个比较全面的了解，作者在归纳了作为建立木材的化学流变学基础的、关于变形和流动一般理论的基础上，就Stein 和Tobolsky基于高分子构造变化与应力松弛之间的对应关系，关于物理流变学和化学流变学的分类，化学流变学研究与其他方法的不同之处，Tobolsky等关于不连续应力松弛测定方法等内容做了比较详细系统的介绍。

His body is misshaped badly, throat reaching navel, shoulders over head, neck exposing askew to sky, buttock level with rib, guts upside down.

有一位姓疏的驼背，他整个身体都扭曲变形不成样子，他的咽喉抵到他的肚脐，他的肩比他的头高，他的脖子歪插出去朝向天际，他的屁股与其肋骨同高，连他的内脏都是倒置的，你看这还像人吗？

Shu is a humpback. His body is misshaped badly, throat reaching navel, shoulders over head, neck exposing askew to sky, buttock level with rib, guts upside down. Does he look like a human?

有一位姓疏的驼背，他整个身体都扭曲、变形得不成样子，他的咽喉抵到他的肚脐，他的肩膀比他的头还要高，他的脖子斜插出去朝向天际，他的屁股与其肋骨同高，就连他的内脏都是倒置著的，你说这样的人，他还算是人吗？

The Human World (5)人间世 1 Shu is a humpback. His body is misshaped badly, throat reaching navel, shoulders over head, neck exposing askew to sky, buttock level with rib, guts upside down.

有一位姓疏的驼背，他整个身体都扭曲变形不成样子，他的咽喉抵到他的肚脐，他的肩比他的头高，他的脖子歪插出去朝向天际，他的屁股与其肋骨同高，连他的内脏都是倒置的，你看这还像人吗？

I can still vividly recall the impressive scenes you gave. You were among my friends and relatives who accompanied me from my house to the seaport and when the porters were slow to show up, you obligingly carried my suitcase for me.

你对我的种种感人情意，使我记忆犹新，那天你随着我的亲友从家里送我上轮船，搬运工迟迟不来，你毅然替我提着皮箱上船。

St. Nicholas became the patron saint of Russia, where he was famous for his red cape, flowing white beard, and bishop's mitre.

圣尼古拉成了俄罗斯人的守护神，在那里，他以身披红斗篷，留着飘逸的白胡须，戴着主教法冠而闻名。