有关节的

Results CTVE could clearly demonstrate the shape,size,and relation of the normal auditory ossicular chain.A visualization rate of malleus,incus,and incudomalleal articulation was 100%,and was 32% for the stapedial footplate.However,in only 21% could the anterior and posterior crura of stapes be distinguished.Cholesteatoma was found in 12 cases with chronic otitis media,in which CTVE demonstrated varying degrees of destruction of the auditory ossicle.In 1 case with congenital anomaly,ossicle dysplasia was seen.

结果 CTVE能清楚显示正常听骨链的形态、大小及相互关系，锤骨、砧骨及锤砧关节的显示率为100%(38/38)，镫骨底板的显示率为32%(12/38)，只有21%(8/38)可以分辨镫骨的前、后脚；18例中耳炎患者中12例胆脂瘤形成，CTVE上有不同程度的听小骨破坏。1例中耳畸形显示听骨链发育异常。

However, vascularized bone autograft can't provide suitable donor for big mass bone defect, large segment defect and bone defect with joint because of limitation of quantity, size, shape etc of donor. So, people thinks of vascaularized bone allogeneic transplantation .

不过，因受供体数量、规模、形体等因素的限制，对于大块、大段以及包括关节的骨缺损，带血供之自体骨移植，颇有力不从心之感，而同种异体骨移植的实行，似可提供一种新的、有效的手段。

Under the presupposition of no evident of muscle atrophy through maximal electrical twitch, quantitative electromyographical test of patellar reflex could discover the quadriceps AMI in patients with knee OA,which was known to be the inhibition of anterior horn motoneuron.

小结：在电刺激表明肌萎缩不明显的前提下，定量腱反射的肌电图检查显示膝OA的股四头肌有明显的AMI，此关节源性肌肉抑制为脊髓前角运动神经元的抑制。

However, bridging the gap between evaluation of sacroiliac joint dysfunction and its effective treatment is still ambiguous.

因此对临床物理治疗师或是复健医疗的工作人员而官，进一步了解荐胝关节的解剖学、生物力学以及其相关的功能是有其必要的。

Removal of spinal implants, even in the face of what appears to be a solid fusion at exploration, is sometimes associated with progression of deformity.9 The retention of implants in the setting of a delayed infection is enticing to the deformity surgeon, especially when a pseudarthrosis is present.

即使在探查时发现脊柱已经牢固融合时取出植入的内固定物，有时还会导致脊柱畸形的进行性发展。在迟发性感染的患者身上保留植入物对医生来说是很有诱惑性的，特别是在出现假关节的时候。

During the last few years a large amount of evidence has provided new insights into the biochemistry and molecular biology of cartilage, subchondral bone, and other articular tissues, which suggest distinct etiopathogenetic mechanisms in some forms of primary OA.

过去几年中的大量的证据，让我们在软骨，软骨下骨及其他关节组织的生物化学和分子生物学方面获得了新的认识，提示某些类型的原发性关节炎有不同的发病机制。

The lateral tendinous fascicle formed mainly functional anatomic mechanism of the proxinmal interphalangeal joint was extended, and it had close relation to the lateral fascicle and had a coordinated action with the lateral tendon.The lateral tendinous fascicle had also association with the flexor tendinous sheath, and made the flexor tendinous sheath play a role in balancing muscular strength of flexor and extensor.

外侧腱束主要形成伸近节指间关节的功能解剖机制；其与外侧束形成的密切纤维联系而具有协同外侧腱的功能；该腱束与屈肌腱鞘有联系又使其具有平衡屈肌和伸肌肌力的作用。

But they are not effectie against translatory or rotatory forces, and a high failure rate has followed.12–14 In order to increase the stability, Magerl and Seeman added transarticular C1–C2 screws, which hae mechanical adantage and lead to a higher fusion rate (range,87%–98%).15–19 We found that all the reports in the recent English literature were screws combined with wires or clamps.

这些方法不能提供对抗横移和旋转力两，有报道的较高失败率12-14。为了提高稳定性，Magerl和Seeman在增加了经关节C1-C2螺钉，该螺钉具有力学优势并能提高融合率（范围在87%~97%）。15~19 我们发现进来的英文文献都是使用的线或椎板钳和螺钉结合的技术。

A fibrous mineral variety of serpentine forming part of commercial asbestos.The dried, fibrous part of the loofa fruit, used as a washing sponge or as a filter.

被膜，囊似纤维的，呈膜状或含很多脂肪的套，内包有一个器官或部位，如包裹着肾的囊或包裹着一个关节的纤维状组织

Joints glossy green, margins undulate toward apex, spines gray to reddish brown with darker tips; mature fruit obconic to obovoid.

具关节的有光泽的绿色，边缘波状向先端，刺灰色的到带红色棕色具深色的端部；成熟的果倒圆锥形的到倒卵球形。

The objective is to subjugate and discourage the people, because that allows the elite to continue to rule unopposed.

其目的是压制和打击人民的积极性，因为这可以让实权派继续统治不会沦为反对派。

GOD,this is the second time you vanquished me!

天啊，这是第二次你打败了我！