最小值

In chapter two, concepts of integrity, integral set and integral number are introduced firstly, and then some relationships between the integrity and some other parameters of graphs are given, then the upper and lower bounds of the integrity are investigated on the basis of integral number determined. The final result is the upper and lower bounds of integral number if the integrity is known.

第二部分主要讨论了完整度与图的其它参数之间的关系；给出了完整度给定条件下完整数的最大可能值及完整数给定条件下，完整度的最大最小可能值；给出了图的完整度与此图的删点子图的完整度之间的关系。

By the aid of canonical moments and maximin principle, we derive a criterion-robust discrimination design for the described problem.

进一步利用小中取大原则，我们证明了Φ_β'-最适设计的最小Φ_β-有效性之最大值会发生在β'=β*，此时对应的Φ_β*-最适设计即为具有准则稳健性质的最适设计。

It is difficult to obtain the accurate segmentation threshold of the image. This paper uses the multinomial to approximate the histogram envelope curve by different phase. So the question of how to obtain the accurate segmentation threshold of the image can convert into the solution of the minimum of multinomial, Using this method it can be solved the question how to segment the image more accurately.

对于在图像分割时难于得到图象分割的准确阈值问题，提出利用多项式对直方图包络线进行分段拟合，把图像分割阈值问题转化为求多项式极小值的问题，从而求出用于分割图像不同灰度层次的最优阈值的方法。

Chapter 2 discusses the function of optimum array based on the minimum meansquared error principle in CDMA system, the method of produce the reference signal, and proved whether the reference signal is the correspond PN code sequence or respread signal, the result of the array's weight converge can converge the same optimum weight under the condition that the PN sequence in a bit of data is long enough. In this chapter, we finally get the beam pattern and the correlate bit error rate after converge when several CDMA signal arrives in different direction.

本文的主要贡献及创新之处是：首次从理论上探讨了基于最小均方误差准则的最优天线阵在CDMA系统中的多址干扰抑制性能及其参考信号的产生方法，证明了采用有用信号相应的扩频码作为参考信号与采用将解扩信息与扩频码进行重扩频后的信号作为参考信号来调节自适应天线的权值均可使权值收敛于同一最优解。

Two complemented lattices L_1, L_2 are said to be of the same "type" if they have identical sets of tautologies.

一个具有最小元O及最大元I的格L，如果在其中又定义了一个单值的1元运算&′&能适合O′=I，I′'=O，则称L为一可补格，一个命题演算良构式A(设只含命题连接词A，V，～)，如果命它的变数在L中任意取值且将A，V，～分别解释为L中的运算∩，U，′时，A永远得到值I，则称A为L上的恒I式，当两个可补格L_1，L_2上的恒I式集相同时，称L_1，L_2为同型的，本文就是讨论可补格按同型关系分类的问题，所得结果如下：定理设有限可补格L_2适合条件：，存在一良构式A能使则任一可补格L_1与L_2同型的一个充分必要条件是：(A_1)。

The different adsorbed species such as sulfates sulfites and adsorbed sulfur dioxides under various temperature, pressure and evacuated treatment conditions were characterized by in situ-IR. In the absent of oxygen, two bands were observed at 1050cm〓 and 1330cm〓, the former is the weakly chemisorbed sulfur dioxide species and the latter is the strongly chemisorbed SO〓.

首次利用正电子淹没技术求取了CeO〓在MgAl〓O〓上单层分布的阈值为0.075g／gMgAl〓O〓，此值略小于利用XRD法求取的单层分布阈值0.08g／gMgAl〓O〓，并且发现催化剂的氧化吸硫活性，O-Ps的生成率与CeO〓的负载量之间良好的对应关系，当CeO〓在MgAl〓O〓上形成单层分布时，O-Ps的生成率最小，此时，催化剂的活性最优。

The results indicate that when soil and pile are same, the shear stresses between pile and soil under the ultimate situations of different modes are different; the negative friction on pile induced by surcharge is maximum; and the negative friction of uplift pile is minimum; the friction of pile top induced by pressing pile and bottom-loaded pile is between them.

结果表明，同种土体和桩体条件下，各种模式达到极限状态时桩－土间剪切应力不同，堆载作用下负摩擦力值最大，抗拔桩负摩阻力值最小，桩顶受压桩、托桩的摩阻力值介于其间；桩材泊松比在0.15~0.35范围内时，桩侧摩阻力随泊松比的增大而增大。

The measurement results show that the general characteristics of the present crustal stress field of the project area are as follows: the horizontal principal stress is the maximum principal stress, and the preferred orientation of the maximum horizontal principal stress is NW-WNW, the maximum principal stress of surrounding rocks of the plant buildings and high-pressure branch tunnel area is generally 14.5±0.5 MPa and the minimum principal stress is 9±0.5 MPa; the dead oad-bearing capacity of surrounding rocks is 10—14 MPa; and the surrounding rocks are essentially impermeable at high pressures of 8—10 MPa.

测量结果表明，工程区现今地壳应力场的总体特征为：水平主应力为最大主应力，最大水平主应力的优势方向为NW-NWW向；厂房和高压岔管区围岩的最大主应力值一般为14.5±0.5MPa，最小主应力值一般为9±0.5MPa；围岩自身的抗载强度一般为10～14MPa；在8～10MPa高压力作用下围岩基本不透水。

Home position shear tests of slope rock, point loading tests and indoor AMD simulation action tests in XingQiao concave slope had show shearing strength and coherence between body layers of quartz sandstone decrease by 13.2%~21.3% after attacked by AMD, the angle of internal friction between layers is decreased by 5.0%~7.5%, in general, AMD affects the rocks mechanical property at range of 60~100m interior the perpendicular slop. Data analysis shows: 1 The actions to slope are major focused on zone of weakness, shearing strength of slope foot and AMD centre are reduced by 52% and 64.7% separately. 2 The explosion stress wave of long distance field has obviously increasing influence to disturbance amplitude value of slope with increasing of the slope height and distance, the response of the top of slope and fault region are obvious as well as damage effect; the foot of slope is with smallest disturbance amplitude value, the disturbance amplitude value of the step close to free face is obviously bigger than the interior of slope. 3 With the coupling effect of the AMD and explosion loading, the stress distribution inside of slope mainly presents characters of explosion stress field; the area affected by AMD becomes a weak area of shearing stress.

新桥深凹露天矿边坡岩体的原位剪切试验、点载荷试验、室内模拟AMD作用试验表明：AMD蚀化后的石英砂岩，岩体层面间的抗剪强度和粘聚力减小的幅值约为13.2%~21.3%；层面间内摩擦角减小幅值在5.0%~7.5%之间；AMD一般影响垂直边坡体内部在60~100m范围内的岩体力学性质数值分析表明：AMD对边坡体的作用主要集中在弱化区域内，边坡体的底脚和AMD作用中心区域的剪切应力减少了52.0%和64.7%；(2)随着边坡体高度和距离的增加，远场爆炸应力波对边坡扰动幅值的增加趋势明显，边坡顶部和断层部位的响应突出，损伤效应明显；边坡底脚扰动幅值最小，临空面附近台阶的扰动幅值明显大于边坡体内部；(3)AMD与爆破荷载耦合作用后，边坡体内部的应力分布主要呈现出爆炸应力场的特征，AMD影响区域形成了一个剪切应力弱区。

By the modem time series analysis method, based on the ARMA innovation model, under the linear minimum variance optimal information fusion criterion, three distributed fusion steady-state optimal Kalman filters, predictors and smoothers weighted by matrices, scalars, and diagonal matrices are presented for multisensor systems with correlated input and observation noises, and with correlated observation noises. The Lyapunov equations and formulas of computing local filtering, predicting and smoothing error variances and covariances are given, which are applied to compute optimal weights. The corresponding three distributed fusion Wiener state estimators are also presented.

应用现代时间序列分析方法，基于自回归滑动平均新息模型，在线性最小方差最优信息融合准则下，对于带相关输入噪声和观测噪声和带相关的观测噪声的多传感器系统，提出了按矩阵加权、按标量加权和按对角阵加权的三种分布式融合稳态Kalman滤波器、预报器和平滑器，其中提出了局部滤波、预报和平滑估值误差方差阵和协方差阵的Lyapunov方程和计算公式，它们被用于计算最优加权，也提出了相应的三种分布式融合Wiener状念估值器。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。