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The Farming-pastoral Zone in North China was separated into 8 Eco-regions according to the known Eco-region. The dissertation analyzed the regional differences of land use changes from three aspects on dynamic degree , land use degree and the change direction (1)On land use dynamic degree, the dynamic degree of the cropland was the highest in North warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest and the lowest in temperate forest steppe; forest land's was the highest in alpine meadow and the lowest in warm temperate forest steppe; grassland's was the highest in temperate forest steppe-bunchgrass steppe and the lowest in alpine meadow; other land's was the highest in North warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest－the Huang-Huai-hai plain and the lowest in warm temperate bunchgrass steppe.

结合已有的自然生态区的划分，将我国北方农牧交错带划分为8 个自然生态区，选取土地利用动态度、土地利用程度以及土地利用变化方向等3 个方面的指标对研究区进行了区域分异规律的研究，结果如下：（1）耕地动态度北暖温带落叶阔叶林生态区——北部山地丘陵区最大，温带森林草原生态区最小；林地的动态度高寒草甸生态区最大，暖温带森林草原丛生禾草草原生态区——东南森林草原区最小；草地动态度温带森林草原——丛生禾草草原生态区最大，高寒草甸生态区最小；其他用地的动态度北暖温带落叶阔叶林生态区——黄淮海平原区最大，暖温带森林草原丛生禾草草原生态区—西北丛生禾草草原区最小。

The single source and single sink network and the multiple sources and multiple sinks network are considered,respectively.We first construct an auxiliary network and convert the min-cost flow problem in origial network into the min-cost circulation problem in the auxilary network,and then find the optimal solution of min-cost circulation problem in the auxiliary network by using out-of-kiltem algorithm.

分别就单源单汇和多源多汇情况构造不同的辅助网络，将原网络中的最小费用流问题转化为辅助网络中的最小费用循环流问题，然后用瑕疵算法求最小费用循环流问题的最优解，这样在求出原网络中最小费用流的同时，也获得了总流量的最优取值。

We determine the bounds on the upperand lower orientable strong radius and strong diameter of graphs satisfyingthe Ore condition. Let G_1, G_2 be any connected graph, we present the exactvalue of srad(G_1×G_2), consider the relationship between sdiam(G_1×G_2) andr(G_1×G_2), d (G_1×G_2). Moreover, we determine the values of the lower orientablestrong diameters of some special graphs. Furthermore, we give the exact value ofSDIAM, a lower bound for SDIAM, an upper and lowerbound for SRAD and SRAD, respectively.

对满足Ore条件的图，给出了最小强半径、最大强半径的上、下界；对笛卡尔乘积图G_1×G_2，确定了G_1×G_2的最小强半径与G_1×G_2的半径以及G_1和G_2的最小强直径之间的关系，并进而确定了一些特殊笛卡尔乘积图的最小强直径的值，确定了SDIAM的值，SDIAM的下界，SRAD和SRAD相应的上、下界。

Bamboo variation ofmicrodensity of all age-degree and all height bamboo from bamboo green tobamboo yellow as follows:The downtrend ladder of microdensity the firststage from bamboo green to bamboo yellow is relatively large,normally at theplace 0.35 from bamboo hull(the thickness of from bamboo hull to bambooyellow is 1)micro-density downtrend ladder begin to get smaller,variancerange of microdensity is smaller.When reaching near bamboo yellow area,microdensity reaches its minimum value,and when reaching bamboo yellowsection density increase rapidly,the minimum density of bamboo is only 50% orless of maximum density.Bamboo yellow is comprised of stone cells whichhave thick cell wall,so its density is high,normally 50% to 100% more thanminimum density.Bamboo yellow′s lay thickness is thin,normally the samethickness for all age-degree and all height bamboo,about 0.8mm.From 1 age-degree bamboo to 2 age-degree bamboo during growth,the increase of averagedensity is mainly in bamboo pulp section,from 3 age-degree bamboo to 4 age-degree bamboo,the decrease of average density is mainly decrease in the pulpsection.Same age,same height,the less the density ladder of bamboo radialthickness,the higher the mechanical strength.

所有年龄所有高度的竹材微密度从竹青到竹黄对材性变异规律如下：从竹青到竹黄开始下降梯度较大，一般到相对竹皮距离0.35左右处(整个竹壁厚度为1)，竹材微密度下降梯度减小，微密度的变化范围变小，到近竹黄处，微密度达最小值，而后到竹黄部位密度大幅上升，竹材最小密度一般只有最大密度的50％或更低，竹黄由厚壁的石细胞组成，所以密度较大，一般比最小密度增大约50％-100％，厚度较薄，不同年龄不同高度竹材的竹黄厚度相差无几，约在0.8mm左右；竹材从1度竹到2度竹生长过程中，平均密度的增长主要发生在竹肉部分，从3度竹到4度竹生长过程中，平均密度的下降主要发生在竹肉部分，同一年龄同一高度，竹壁厚径向的密度梯度越小，力学强度越高，随着年龄的增大，密度梯度越来越小(1度竹除外)，随着高度增加，密度梯度越来越大。

On the other hand, with the purpose of fuzzy feature extraction and fuzzy classification device design, the undulatory property of maximum and minimum scattering power corresponding respectively to the maximum and minimum eigen-polarization has been investigated in frequency domain. Furthermore, the anisotropy polarization degree of target, which is determined by both maximum and minimum scattering power of target, has been studied; meanwhile, the dynamic changing characteristic of eigen-polarization on Poincare polarization sphere has been investigated by means of the conception of polarization frequency stability, the research result shows that PSD value has a big jump near π, forming a sharp pulse, and different target has their individual distribution property of PSD pulse.

另外，围绕目标模糊特征提取及模糊分类器的设计，研究了目标最大、最小本征极化所对应的目标最大、最小散射能量随观测频率的起伏特性，考察了由目标最大、最小散射能量共同决定的目标的各向异性极化程度；同时，采用极化频率稳定度的概念，研究了本征极化在Poincare极化球面上的动态变化特性，在最大、最小散射能量相等的频率点上，PSD曲线呈现为幅度接近π值的尖锐脉冲，反映了目标极化散射结构对这一频率跳变极为敏感，但不同目标的这种PSD曲线特征又有很大的不同。

Finally, the condition examining and schema decomposition algorithm are given.Fourthly, The definitions of elementary merge dependency set and minimum elementary merge dependency set are put forward. The weak leftside conflict and weak rightside conflict in the minimum elementary merge dependency set are defined. The conclusion that when the minimum elementary merge dependency set has weak left side conflicts or weak right side conflict is reached, The decomposition meeting PEK isα-cyclic is given. The algorithms of calculating the minimum elementary merge dependency set and examining the conflicts are given.

给出了条件的判定算法和数据库模式的分解算法。4、提出初等归并依赖集和初等最小归并依赖集的概念，定义初等最小规并依赖集的弱左部冲突和弱右部冲突，讨论了初等最小归并依赖集下的冲突问题，给出了在FD集F其初等最小归并依赖集D中存在弱左，右部冲突时模式分解为满足PEK为有α环的结论，并给出了初等最小归并依赖集的求解方法，冲突的判定算法。

The average biomass was 45.261. The maximum biomass of 113.138 occurred in Zhainan lake region and the minimum biomass of 0.862 in the Zaozhadian lake region. The average chlorophyll content was 7.573 3. The maximum chlorophyll content of 17.690 4 occurred in Nanliuzhuang lake region and the minimum chlorophyll content of 0.245 7 in the Zaozhadian lake region. The avera...

各淀区浮游植物生物量平均为45.261，以寨南最大（113.138），藻淀最小（0.862）；叶绿素含量平均为7.573 3，其中南刘庄最大（17.690 4），藻淀最小（0.245 7）；最高生产层以碳计的日产量（g／（m3 ·d））平均为0.285，其中南刘庄最大（1.055），藻淀最小（0.015），水柱日产量（g／（m2 ·d））平均为0.431，其中寨南最大（1.001），藻淀最小（0.013）。

In the last of this dissertation, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of and the expressions of perpositive semidefinite solutions and bipositive semidefinite solutions to some systems of quaternion matrix equations.

给出了某些四元数矩阵方程组有广亚半正定解，双半正定解的充要条件及其表达公式；研究了矩阵方程组的最小二乘解，极小范数的最小二乘解，在某些约束条件下的最小二乘解和极小范数的最小二乘解，给出了其有这些解的充要条件及其表达公式。

Study of the mesh selectivity of diamond and square mesh codend of two-stick swingnet;2. In order to assess the size selectivity for fishes of beam trawl fishing in offshore of the East China Sea,experiments of codends with different mesh configuration,including diamond mesh, square mesh and turned through 90° diamond mesh(T90) in 4 sea trials have been carried out and catch data were collected by comparative fishing method.

选择性分析结果显示，对于短吻舌鳎，横向使用的菱形网目网囊L50(50%选择体长)最大，而SR最小，菱形网目网囊L50最小，而SR最大；对于棘头梅童鱼和小黄鱼，菱形网目网囊的L50最小，SR最大，横向使用的菱形网目网囊L50最大，而方形网目网囊SR最小；除不同结构的网目扩张程度不同以外，鱼体体型结构的特殊性以及网囊结构也可能是导致选择性差异的主要原因。

Years ago, Aunt Nel was still slim and fashionable,with her hair highly buned up and a cigarette in mouth, she look elegant and high fashion;uncle Piet was also thinner and more handsome, always sitting straight and smiling in a reserved way, you can feel the stern air of a military officer.20 years ago, Dad kept a small moustache on his mouth popular of that time and always wore a coffee-colored glass, whistling happy melodies every day; Mum was favoring colorful dresses with a thick pad on the shouder typical of the day and a big white-framed glass,covering half of her gentle face. 20 years ago, Aunt Marja and Uncle John were just married, and their wedding ceremony was romantic and beautiful;there was no Rick yet, and Ruud, Tom and Freddy,dressed up in neat suite and shiny shoes, wearing red or black ties and coloful 'corsage' on the chest, became the most handsome and eye-cathing little stars of the wedding...

20年前，大姨Aunt Nel还很苗条很时尚，头发高高盘起，口中经常优雅地叼着一根细长的烟，一副上流社会贵妇人的风范；姨夫Uncle Piet很消瘦很精神，总是西装笔挺，坐姿端正，一副正规军队高级官员的风骨。20年前，R爸爸留的是当时最流行的小胡子，架着一副茶色玻璃眼镜，口中经常吹着欢快的曲调；R妈妈穿的是当时最时髦的垫着厚厚衬肩的红色大花套裙，架的是一副白色边框的超大眼镜，面对镜头，总有点略带羞涩。20年前，最小的阿姨Aunt Marja和Uncle John才刚结婚，两家人齐聚一堂，举行了一场浪漫温馨的婚礼；那时的大家庭里还没有现在的表弟Rick，身着笔挺小西装、脚踏噌亮小皮鞋，系着红黑色小领结、戴着鲜艳小礼花的Ruud、Tom和Freddy三个，成了整个婚礼上最闪亮耀眼的小明星。。。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。