最优控制

Aituator load system ; optimal sliding mode variable structure control ; reaching law ; integral action ; feedforward control ; attenuation rate

舵机加载系统；最优滑模变结构控制；趋近律；积分策略；前馈控制；衰减度

In this paper, based on the specific CNG engine parameters and characteristics, the influence of the injection timing, ignition energy and lean combustion for the engine is tested, in order to explore the control rules of fuel injection, ignition energy and lean combustion and then draw the following conclusions: small injection advance angle of electronic controlled injection CNG engine is optimum

文章根据天然气发动机的具体参数和特性，探索电控喷射CNG发动机在燃料喷射、点火能量和稀燃等方面的控制规律，确定最优的控制参数，开展了喷射定时、点火能量及稀薄燃料等参数对发动机性能影响的试验研究工作，并根据试验结果分析，得出了以下结论：电控喷射WT615CNG发动机燃料喷射提前角要小些为宜

It starts from the social cost of inflation and various aspects of it.

本文旨在寻找最优的政策工具来控制通货膨胀，因此首先从通货膨胀的社会福利成本谈起，介绍了菜单成本、靴底成本、税收扭曲成本等概念含义，明确高通货膨胀对社会各个方面的影响，要保持经济的稳定健康发展，就必须控制通货膨胀。

Experimental results show that the optimal set of elementary siphons ensures more permissive behavior with fewer controlling places in the controlled net system when the same deadlock control policy is applied.

实验结果表明采用相同的控制策略，最优基本信标可以使目标网系统在添加尽可能少的控制库所的同时生成尽可能多的许可行为。

The model of programmed crystallization of SPM was proposed based on the moment transformation of the population considering the agglomeration. The optimal temperature-time curves in a batch crystallizer which maximized the terminal mean size and mean weight size can be determined from the application of the Pontryagin Maximum Principle. The calculated crystallization results heating under optimal temperature were compared with ones under linear or natural heating temperature.

根据第四章所得到的螺旋霉素晶体二次成核和晶体生长和布朗扩散引起的聚集动力学，利用第六章所描述的晶体尺寸分布的各阶矩对时间的一阶导数所构成的自封闭的一阶常微分方程组，采用庞得里亚金极大值原理，以温度为控制变量，在满足某些约束条件下，以最大平均尺寸和最大晶体重量平均尺寸为性能指标，计算出了螺旋霉素间歇结晶的最优温度—时间曲线，并同线性加热和自然方式进行了比较。

The experiments show that the PS and PSD of particles produced by SAA process can be controlled by adjusting process parameters, and among them, the pressure of the saturator used has the most effect on the PS and PSD, while the temperature of the saturator has the least effect. When using ethanol as solvent, the optimum operating conditions of using SAA process to produce erythromycin micro-particles from erythromycin-ethanol-CO2 system were found as follows. The pressure and temperature of the saturator are 10.5MPa and 70℃, respectively, the inlet flow rate and the concentration of inlet solution of the precipitator are 9 mLmin^(-1) and 15mgmL^(-1), respectively.

实验结果表明：选用乙醇做溶剂可制备出粒径在1~3μm的红霉素超细微粒，大部分微粒形态呈完整的球形；各影响因素对微粒粒径及粒径分布均有不同程度的影响，其中混合器压力对微粒粒径及粒径分布的影响最明显，混合器温度的影响最小，微粒粒径及粒径分布可通过改变操作参数进行控制；在本研究范围内，最优操作条件为混合器压力10.5MPa，混合器温度70℃，溶液浓度15mgmin^(1)，进液速度9mLmin^(1)。

Based on the theory of associated and decentralized control, this paper introduces the modeling method of AC/DC power system and control law deriving, which can be realized dispersedly and guarantee the stability of the system with optimal performanc

摘要介绍了交直流电力系统关联测量分散励磁控制的建模方法和控制规律的求取，所得控制规律既可以分散实现，又能保证全局稳定且性能最优。

The algorithm for optimizing parameter is applied and effective,and is much better than that of common Genetic Algorithm,and has good perfectible application future.

文献[2]提出用模糊控制算法整定PID参数，文献[3]将Bang-Bang控制与神经网络自适应控制相结合，利用神经元的学习功能构成了一种自适应PID控制器，文献[4]以蚁群系统和蚁群算法为基础，提出了一种新的具有不完全微分的最优PID控制器的设计方法，文献[5]提出一种利用改进微粒群算法优化PID参数的方法。

The parameters of FLC have great effect on the performance of the controller. In general, they are determined by lots of trial on site, which wastes time and is difficult to obtain optimal parameters. In this paper, genetic algorithn is used in the determination of the parameters of FLC.

而模糊控制的三个因子对控制器的性能有很大的影响，常规的模糊控制都是采用人工的多次现场调试来确定，不仅费时，而且也不能得到最优的控制性能。

Reefs, reef-mounds and lime mud mounds are all carbonate buildups, and the reefs and banks are important targets for petroleum exploration The reefs, banks and mounds should be divided from each other not only in theory, but also in exploration practice, because of so many differences in sedimentary compositions, fabrics, environments, distribution in time and space, and the characteristics of petroleum geology If the original reef or bank itself was fine reservoir rocks, then it would become a better reservoir after the reservoirconstructive diagenesis The formation of a high quality carbonate reservoir is controlled by two factors: the sedimentary microfacies and the reservoirconstructive diagenesis The first is the basis for the formation of a high quality reservoir, and with the high energy reefbank facies as the best; the latter includes the cataclasis, the dolomitization and the karstification The dolomitization and karstification are the best for the formation of a high quality reservoir The karstification has the widest distribution, profoundest effect, and plays a vital role in the high quality reservoir forming The karst types are quite rich in the limestone reef or bank reservoir, including synsedimentary karst, penesedimentary karst, supergene karst and hydrothermal karst, and so does the dolomitization reef or bank reservoir The formation mechanism of synsedimentary karst and penesedimentary karst is related to the short time exposing and leaching of the cyclical highfrequency shallowupward sequence when the reefs or banks are forming The supergene karst is controlled by the exposing and leaching of tertiary cyclic sequence type I interface after the reefs or banks forming Thus, there developed a great deal of secondary corrosion pores, corrosion fractures and huge caves besides some original pores remained in the reef and bank reservoir Scarcely there are any original effective pores in reefmounds and lime mud mounds, especially in senkes among mounds, but secondary pores could be formed by karstification, and there would likely develop source rocks with high organic abundance

礁、礁丘、丘同属碳酸盐建隆，礁、滩是重要勘探目的层。但各自在沉积组分、组构、环境和时空分布，以及油气地质条件上迥然不同，因而无论从理论还是勘探实践上，都有必要将其各成体系划分开来。礁滩自身为好储集岩，当建设性成岩作用叠加后可形成好的储层。碳酸盐岩优质储层形成，主要受沉积微相与建设性成岩作用两大因素控制。前者是基础，并以高能的礁滩相带为最好；后者主要包括破裂、白云石化和溶蚀三大类，并以白云石化或溶蚀为最优，其中的溶蚀分布最广泛、影响最深刻而对优质储层形成起决定性作用。礁滩储层中的古岩溶类型最为丰富多彩，包括同生期、准同生期、表生期和埋藏期热流体岩溶的所有类型，白云岩化礁滩体也不例外。其中，同生准同生期岩溶的形成机制与礁滩沉积时高频层序旋回向上变浅序列的短暂暴露淋溶有关，表生期岩溶则受控于礁滩沉积后三级层序旋回Ⅰ型界面的暴露淋溶。由此，导致礁滩储层中除了可以也是唯一保存原生孔隙外，还发育了次生溶蚀孔洞缝和大型溶洞。礁丘、灰泥丘尤其是丘间洼地中发育高有机质丰度烃源岩；它们自身没有有效的原生孔隙，但岩溶作用可以形成次生孔隙。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。