最优化问题

Chavent's research for matching the history of production in a field by use of optimal control theory and through the research for the space of the adjoint function, we have extended the theory of adjustment for the ease of a single-phase system to a double-phase one.

Chavent利用最优化理论研究油气藏生产动态拟合的基础上，通过对伴随函数空间的研究，将辨识理论由单重介质系统扩展至双重介质系统，并针对原方法多解，迭代中易发生逸出、振荡、仅收敛于局部极小等困难，重点研究和探讨了改善问题的适定性和加速算法的收敛性问题。

Firstly establishing mechanical model of casing structure , and then processing casing forces analysis using space finite-element method and superposition method(put structure stress and outer force stress together), it computes the stress of casing in three dimensions, and gets the internal force and transmutation. The structure of casing-coadjutor is computed overlaply and the question of contact is solved. In the aspect of design, it provides the mixed integer-discrete variable optimization method of casing cross section size and coadjutor layout.

本文就上述两个问题的最优化设计展开研究，首先建立了套管结构的力学模型，进行套管的受力分析，用了空间有限元法和叠加法(结构应力和外载应力相叠加)，对套管进行三维计算，确定结构的内力和变形，对套管—扶正器结构进行整体的叠代计算，解决接触问题；在设计方面，提出了解决套管截面尺寸参数和扶正器布局的混合整数—离散变量优化方法。

The user's utility is a function of his data throughput, thus the bandwidth resource utilization problem is modeled as a utility based constrained maximization problem, called a system problem.

通过设置站点吞吐量的对数效用函数，将带宽资源的有效利用问题建模为系统效用最大化问题；应用最优化理论将此系统问题等效为可分布式求解的用户问题，即各站点只须独立选择最大化其净效用的竞争参数，则系统整体效用也获得最大化。

For function optimize, according to the character of objective function definition, can dispart as scatter function optimization and sequence function optimization.

对于函数优化这个问题，根据目标函数定义域的性质，可以分为离散函数最优化和连续函数最优化。

Based on modern optimization theory and optimal control theory, this dissertation studies some questions as follows:1. The optimization model of parameter identification of three-dimensional geologic history numerical simulation, algorithm and its applicationGeologic history numerical simulation is a basic content of basin numerical simulation, and the porosity is the major parameter in the evolution and development process of oil-bearing basin. According to the sedimentation and burial mechanism, the physical and chemical principles of oil geology, the mudstone porositys non-linear parabolic partial differential equation has been established.

本文应用现代最优化及最优控制理论，对如下一些问题进行了研究： 1、三维地史数值模拟的参数辨识优化模型、算法及应用地史模拟是盆地数值模拟的一个基础性的研究内容，地层孔隙度是含油气盆地地史演化发育过程中的重要参数，根据地层沉积埋藏机理和石油地质的物理化学原理，通过引入数学物理方程概念，建立了泥岩三维孔隙度场方程，根据问题的特点，给出了方程的定解条件，对方程的动边界也给出了处理方法，并且证明了解的存在性与惟一性，在此基础上建立了以当今实测数据为拟合准则的三维地史数值模拟的参数辨识优化模型，这是一个含有二阶偏微分方程约束的泛函极值问题。

After that, based on the CVaR optimization model with transaction costs, we simulate smoothly the piecewise linear function in objective function separately, and obtain the continuous smooth CVaR optimization model. As an application, we explain via an example when the smooth simulation model is applied in the big scale investment portfolio choice problems, its convergence and stability has the enhancement comparing with the above linear model.

其次，在带交易费用的CVaR最优化模型的基础上，将模型目标函数进行了平滑模拟，得到连续平滑的CVaR最优化模型，并经过实例说明，对于较大规模投资组合选择问题，经过平滑模拟后的模型其解的收敛性和稳定性较之原模型的解都得到了提高。

After analyzing the cause of uncertainty in the process of oil-field development,the uncertainty problems in reservoir description,residual oil distribution,oil production prediction and plan of oil increscent measurement were taken as examples to show that uncertainty method is the key to solve those problems.Many uncertainty methods such as random modeling,fuzzy mathematics,mathematical statistics and opt...

在分析油田开发不确定性问题来源的基础上，以油田开发过程中的油藏描述、剩余油分布、油田产量预测和增产措施宏观规划等典型不确定性问题为例，说明了解决这类问题的有效手段为采用不确定性方法，包括随机建模技术、模糊数学、数理统计和最优化等方法；并逐一介绍了这些方法在解决油田开发不确定性问题中的应用。

After analyzing the cause of uncertainty in the process of oil-field development, the uncertainty problems in reservoir description, residual oil distribution, oil production prediction and plan of oil increscent measurement were taken as examples to show that uncertainty method is the key to solve those problems. Many uncertainty methods such as random modeling, fuzzy mathematics, mathematical statistics and optimization were introduced in the application of solving uncertainty problems in the oil-field development.

在分析油田开发不确定性问题来源的基础上，以油田开发过程中的油藏描述、剩余油分布、油田产量预测和增产措施宏观规划等典型不确定性问题为例，说明了解决这类问题的有效手段为采用不确定性方法，包括随机建模技术、模糊数学、数理统计和最优化等方法；并逐～介绍了这些方法在解决油田开发不确定性问题中的应用。

The multi-stage Tabu Search fits for the situation where the problem has middle size, the quality of solution is important, and the speed is not restricted too much.(4) The combined algorithm which shares the advantages of HR and TS—high speed and high quality—is the most practicable one for middle-scale problems.

通过仿真实验对分枝定界算法、基于运行的启发式算法、多阶段禁忌搜索算法和组合算法进行一系列的对比研究，得出以下几点结论：(1)分枝定界算法只适用于问题规模小且对计算时间要求不高的场合，它是一种最优化算法；(2)启发式算法适合于求解大规模问题，尤其是实际应用中遇到的大型问题，对计算时间要求较高而对解的质量只要满意即可。

Secondly,we study how to use implementable trust region method to solve the com-posite nonsmooth optimization problems.

我们所作的另一方面工作是研究了如何应用可实现的信赖域方法去解复合非光滑最优化问题。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。