替代

As a newtype cleaning agent, 1-bromopropane not only has the same outstanding cleaning effect to CFC-113, but has better cleaning efficiency than it, especially cleaning metal parts. 1-bromopropane has no flash point, it can be repetitive-used, and its craft was complete unification with CFC-113 and TCA. Using 1-bromopropane as a cleaning agent, it is not necessary to replace the cleaning equipment but only adjusting the temperature of distillation and abstersion.

1-溴丙烷(英文名1-bromopropane，简称n-PBr)作为新型的清洗剂，其清洗效果可与CFC-113媲美，且清洗效率比CFC-113高，对于金属零件的清洗能力更强，没有闪点，可以重复回收使用，替代CFC-113和TCA，工艺完全一致，几乎不需要更换设备，只需要调整一下蒸洗温度就可以了，也被称为是"第三世界的替代清洗剂"。

The Department of Rapid Transit Systems of Taipei City Government have researched the strategy for replacement of Halon 1301 from 1992. After comparing many types of halon alternatives, considering meet the criteria of ozone depletion potential, the atmospheric life time, the occupied areas and human safety characteristics, DORTS decided to use HFC-227ea as a fire extinguishing agent to replace halon and applicated it to the fire suppression system on metro stations.

台北捷运局自民国八十一年即持续研析替代策略，对各种低污染海龙替代药剂进行评估比较后，以臭氧层破坏指数、大气存留寿命、占用空间、人员安全性等考量而选定HFC-227ea为海龙替代药剂，使用於捷运车站消防系统之气体自动灭火设备中。

On the ecosystem health, definitions from utilization and ecosystem views are introduced, the contents and difficulties in assessing it are discussed. On the biodiversity enhancement, the relationship between forest structural complexity and forest biodiversity are discussed, the significance of old growth structure are highlighted, and measures of changing forest structure to promote forest biodiversity are put forward. On the landscape planning in forest management, some patterns, theoretical foundations and models are introduced, especially three conceptual models, i.e., key habitat\|corridors model, nature landscape model, and supportive features model. On the alternative silvicultural systems, reasons for developing alternative silvicultural system by mimic of nature disturbance are discussed, and some advanced techniques and their ecological basis are noted. Finally, on the ecosystem service, its contents and importance of assessment are illustrated.

关于森林生态系统健康，讨论了不同角度对生态系统健康的定义和不同层次上的生态系统健康的内容及评价生态系统健康的困难所在；②关于森林生物多样性，探讨了森林结构复杂性与生物多样性的关系，老龄林结构对森林生态系统的意义和作用，以及如何通过经营调整结构促进生物多样性；③关于森林经营的景观规划，描述了进行景观规划的途径、理论和模型，并对三种概念模型进行了介绍；④关于森林经营的替代技术体系，介绍了模拟自然干扰设计替代技术体系的原理，分析了替代经营技术体系产生的原因和有关最新技术研究进展；⑤关于森林生态系统服务，讨论了生态系统服务的基本内容和评价在森林生态系统管理中的重要意义。

Subrogate country system, the preferred method in judicial practices of U.S. nowadays, the theory of produce factors value with whose applicable exception, market-oriented industries test is indicated that it still can't get rid of the old system and it is just the deformation of the subrogate country system.Chapter four.

通过对美国替代国制度相关立法的介绍，指出目前美国在司法实践中的首选方法——生产要素价值法，以及排除该法适用的例外——市场导向产业测试法，仍无法脱离替代国制度的窠臼，只不过是替代国制度的变形。

Subrogate country system, the final chapter presents three legal strategies, which include that first, the enterprises involved in case use existing dispute settlement system to protect their own interests and rights;second, advisement that the subrogate enterprise system displacing the subrogate country system should be founded;third, China should pay attention to our own development and perfection of system about the approaches to anti-dumping.

第五章提出了挑战美国替代国制度的三种法律策略，其中包括：第一，应诉企业运用现有争端解决机制维护自身权益；第二，建议创设&替代企业制度&取代原有的&替代国制度&；第三，我国应注重自身反倾销应诉体系的发展与完善。

The results showed that under the prerequisite of constant color properties of colored products without affecting the properites of the product, nano-BaSO4 could be used as a substitute of partial pigment, and the maximum proportion is up to 30%.

结果表明：在不改变被着色制品色彩性能的前提下，纳米BaSO4可以替代部分颜料，替代最大比例可达到30%。在色母粒浓度为50%时，纳米BaSO4替代颜料的效果最好。

Education will not; the world is full of educated derelicts.

才干也不能替代毅力，无所作为的能人十分普遍；天分不能替代毅力，碌碌无为的天才尽人皆知；教育不能替代毅力，受过良好教育的没落者更是随处可见。

The number of measurers, samples and times of repeating are discussed to settle down a general alternative standard; at the same time, this dissertation offers testing and analyzing influence factors of the measurement system analysis model, using Residual analysis.

按照破坏性测量系统的类型及不同特点综合研究了齐性样本法、替代样本法、非破坏性测量系统替代法、破坏性测量系统替代法以及自相关法等五种方法，为破坏性测量系统分析提供了解决思路及方案。

Now, research replaces the option of index in the various disease appraisement of curative effect to discuss , if with blood plasma 羟 hydrogen can appraise when ketone density is replacing index A flat kind ease pain medicine Kong Shi dose relieve pain effect , is taking ATT( aim at the antibody effect of tetanus toxin) as replacing index to appraise the immunity inhibition researchs of? single clone antibody 5c 8 of the CD 154 in monkey body to get better effect.

目前，已有研究就多种疾病疗效评价中替代指标的选择进行了探讨，如以血浆羟氢可待酮浓度作为替代指标评价阿片类镇痛药控释剂的止痛效果、以 ATT(针对破伤风毒素的抗体效应)作为替代指标评价猴体内 CD154的单克隆抗体5c 8的免疫抑制作用等研究都取得了较好的效果。

As a result, it shows that one/ones is the most frequently used group of substitution proform in English nominal substitution. They can substitute not only the whole noun phrase but also the crucial word in a noun phrase, emphasizing a general reference. Mastering all these usages can help to improve the concise power of expression as well as English comprehension .

重点论述了替代词one/ones的语义特征，对比研究了替代词one和指代词it、以及替代词one/ones与另一组替代词that/those的用法区分，研究表明，one/ones是英语名词性替代中最常见的一组替代词，它们既能替代整个名次词组又能替代名词词组中心词，强调泛指意义，掌握它们的各种用法有利于培养言简意赅的英语表达能力、提高英语阅读理解力。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。