曲线

The eighth chapter begins with discussion and empirical demonstration of Chinese benchmark rate, simulates and regresses the benchmark yield curve of Chinese bond according to the latest data, reviews factors having influence on Chinese benchmark yield curve through principal components analysis, illuminates the inescapability of regulation of Chinese bond yield structure through the comparative study on American bond yield curves with different terms.

第八章开始是对我国的基准利率进行探讨和实证分析，接着根据最新的数据来模拟和回归出我国国债的基准收益曲线，在此基础上运用主成分分析法考察了影响我国基准收益曲线的因素，并通过对美国不同期限国债收益率曲线的比较研究，来说明我国国债收益率结构的调整具有不可避免性。

First introduced highway alignment's definition, the significance, the developing process and the CASIO series calculator in the highway surveying computation application; Using the traverse survey computation's two basic mathematical model (azimuth calculation, coordinate calculation), compile the corresponding procedure to solve echo the wire coordinate computation; With the aid in the mathematical model which three, four and so on leveling's field operations calculate, compiles the corresponding procedure to solve the road elevation survey computation; According to relaxes the circular curve principal point and the detail coordinate computation mathematical model, based on this programs the solution to relax the circular curve coordinate principal point and the detail coordinate computation, then further develops this procedure to use to calculate the circular curve principal point and the detail coordinate computation.

首先介绍了公路线路的定义、意义、发展过程和CASIO 系列计算器在公路测量计算的应用；利用导线测量计算的两种基本数学模型，编写相应的程序以解决附和导线坐标计算；借助于三、四等水准测量的外业计算的数学模型，编写相应的程序以解决公路高程测量的计算；根据缓和圆曲线主点及细部点的坐标计算的数学模型，在此基础上编程解决缓和圆曲线坐标主点及细部点坐标的计算，然后进一步开发此程序用以计算圆曲线主点及细部点的坐标计算。

The computational methods of line element conic curve s tangent point decided by any line on projective plane is presented on the basis of this study.

从实际计算的角度出发，使用N矢量表示视平面上的点和直线，并由线素二次曲线的射影定义推导出线素二次曲线的N矢量方程；在此基础上，给出了射影平面上任意一条直线所确定的线素二次曲线切点的N矢量的计算方法。

In order to realize the transition from quartic Wang-Ball to Said-Ball curve, and the transition from quartic Said-Ball to B6zier curve, two new classes of curves with shape parameters are defined.

为了实现从四次Wang-Ball到Said-Ball曲线的过渡，以及从四次Said-Ball到B6zier曲线的过渡，定义了2种带形状参数的曲线。

To make the quartic Bézier curve have the desired shape, the new method constructs an additional curve to describe the shape of the quartic Bézier curve.

新方法的优点是曲线须满足的连续性方程是严格三对角占优势的、曲线的不连续点在给定的数据点处、曲线是局部可调整的。

On each sub-interval, the quartic Bézier curve segment has one freedom degree that is used to adjust the shape of the segment.

zier曲线的形状。自由度由极小化样条曲线和辅助曲线的一阶导矢差的平方的积分确定。

First, a smooth curve is obtained from the data by curve fitting with the method of non-linear least squares fit. Then the tangent vector and the radius of curvature of each point on the curve can be calculated for the error evaluation. With the fitted curve, the focusing state of the aspheric lens can be obtained by the method of ray tracing.

主要过程为首先采用非线性最小二乘拟合的方法进行曲线拟合，并计算出曲线上各点的切矢量和曲率半径，分析它们的误差，最后对拟合后的曲线用光线追迹的方法得到非球面镜的聚焦情况。

The relationship between the transformation of weights on rational Bézier curve and parameterization of the curve with the shape unchanged is discussed.

研究了在曲线形状保持不变的条件下，有理n次Bézier曲线的权因子改变与曲线参数化的关系。

Further, it is found that the limit curve is a uniform rational cubic B-spline curve or the curve's control polygon when its tension parameters tend to zero or infinity respectively.

Barsky[4 ] 将具有张力参数样条的双曲样条曲线引入CAGD ，称之为张力样条参数曲线，并证明了这种曲线是一类泛函问题的极小解。

So the general way to measure water/oil relative permeability is not suitable for polymer and oil system.

文中提出了一种确定聚合物／油相对渗透率曲线的新方法，该方法首先测定达西粘度与剪切速率关系曲线，进而将两相流动时不同饱和度所对应的聚合物渗流速度转变为剪切速率，根据达西粘度与剪切速率关系曲线查得相应的达西粘度，代入达西方程，即可求得该饱和度下的聚合物有效渗透率。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。