暗物质

AS The Economist went to press this week, physicists were aflutter about an expected announcement from one of the world's most important experiments searching for dark matter—the as-yet-undetected material that, if models of the universe are correct, is about six times as abundant as the familiar, visible stuff.

本周《经济学人》发刊之际，物理学界正在为一个预期的发布会兴奋雀跃着。届时，将宣布世界上一个最重要的实验的结果：寻找暗物质——一种尚未发现的物质。如果宇宙真如宇宙模型的描述般，宇宙中暗物质的含量将是人们熟悉的可见物质的6倍之多。

At the heart of Abancens' team's detector, which is called a scintillating bolometer and resembles a prop from The Golden Compass, is a crystal so pure it can conduct the energy ostensibly generated when a particle of dark matter strikes the nucleus of one of its atoms.

亚巴塞斯团队开发的暗物质探测器名为"闪烁辐射热测量仪"，外形酷似科幻大片《黄金罗盘》中的道具，核心是一个纯度极高的水晶体，可以传导暗物质粒子撞击其原子核时产生的能量。

The existence of dark matter is inferred from the behavior of faraway galaxies, which move in ways that can only be explained by a gravitational pull caused by more mass than can be seen.

据物理学家介绍，目前他们只能对宇宙中大约5%的暗物质进行探测。物理学家是根据遥远星系的行为探知暗物质存在的。

"It blew us away that it looks like the galaxies are removed from the dark matter core," said study team member Hendrik Hoekstra , also of the University of Victoria. This would be the first time we've seen such a thing and could be a huge test of our knowledge of how dark matter behaves.

" "看来星系跟暗物质核心分离开来，这使我们感到大为困惑，"维多利亚大学的另一位研究小组成员亨德里克·霍克斯特拉表示，"我们第一次观察到这样的情况，这对我们所了解的暗物质特性将是一个极大的考验。

But verification of MOND, like dark matter, has suffered from the fact that it manifests itself only on very large scales, comparable to the size of galaxies, and so is not amenable to local tests.

可是 MOND 同暗物质一样，都受到了实践的限制。它同暗物质一样，要在可以与星系尺度相比拟的、非常巨大的尺度上才能得到证明，也不服从局部的试验。

Using hydrodynamical/N-body simulations and pure dark matter simulations, we found the dark haloes in the first kind of simualtions are more concentrated than in the second kind of simualtions. This result could increase the predicted probability of giant-arcs in gavitational lensing and cancel the great difference between the theoretical and observational results.

用含气体的数值模拟与纯暗物质的数值模拟比较，发现前者暗晕中的暗物质分布比后者中的更加密集，密集参数更大，这可能可以提高理论预言的引力巨弧的概率从而弥补理论与观测结果间的差距。

This deficit indicates that there may be "baryonic" dark matter (although not enough to make the universe recollapse), as well as the more exotic "particle" dark matter.

这缺额显示可能存在&重子&暗物质(虽然不足于使得宇宙重新坍缩)以及更奇异的&粒子&暗物质。

If not, CDMS will at least be able to place the most st ringent constraints to date on theories that attempt to explain dark matter—p roving some of them as baseless as the tales that eager and hopeful physicists tell.

如果传言为传言，低温暗物质搜寻组至少能够为那些迄今为止试图解释暗物质存在的理论带上最厉害的紧箍咒——证明某些理论是站不住脚的，就像某些心急且信心十足的物理学家搭建的空中楼阁一样没有根基。

Only about 5% of our universe is made of normal matter as we know it, consisting of protons and neutrons, or baryons, which along with electrons, form the building blocks of ordinary matter.

我们知道我们的宇宙只有约5%是由质子和中子以及电子这些普通物质构成，剩下的由难以捉摸的暗物质（23%）和暗能量（72%）组成。

While giant stars from the CDM model would be long gone, some of the stellar runts predicted by the warm dark matter model might still be blazing away today and could be detected by future space telescopes.

尽管冷暗物质模拟中呈现出来的大型恒星早已消失，但是温暗物质模拟中预测到的小型恒星可能仍然在照耀着，并且有可能被未来的太空望远镜所发现。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了