晶粒内的

The validity of the model was verified by the shrinking of the circle grain embedded concentricity in a square.

并利用正方形区域内圆形晶粒的收缩过程对模型的正确性进行验证。

Under the high frequency vibrating action, the crystal grain formed on the surface of the crystal nucleus eradiation equipment would be broken and peeled off, thereby ejected to zinc molten pool continuously and served as crystal nucleus source of equiaxed grain during solidification.

结果表明，当一种带有冷却结构且进行高频振动的晶核发射器插入锌液内时，锌液在晶核发射器表面迅速形核且长大，在高频振动作用下表面形成的晶粒将被折断剥离，从而连续不断地弹射到锌液中，成为凝固过程中形成大量等轴晶的晶核来源；采用带有水冷和气冷结构的晶核发射器对锌液进行振动激发形核处理后，锌凝固组织中的等轴晶率可分别提高到65%和80%。

The experiment study about the subcritical normalizing holding temperature effects the macrostructure and hardness of the 40SiMnCrNiMoA steel shows: When subcritical normalizing holding temperature is 760℃, the ferrite in the mixture phase structure is lumpish, the hardness of the steel is low (about HRC32), and when the holding temperature is over 800℃, the hardness of the steel is about HRC49, the ferrite in the mixture phase structure is in old critical range austenite grain boundaries, it is disadvantage for the steel strengthening. When the holding temperature is 780℃, the mixture phase structure is mixture phase structure including the strip ferrite、martensite and bainite, the ferrite is less than 20%wt, its grains are fine and even, the hardness of the steel is about HRC38, it is in the range of HRC35-40 which is the long-life drill rod needed.

亚温正火温度对40SiMnCrNiMoA的组织和硬度等性能的影响的实验研究表明，当亚温正火保温温度为760℃时，复合组织中的铁素体形态是块状，处理后的材料硬度相对较低（HRC32左右）；而当采用大于800℃温度亚温正火处理，材料硬度为HRC49左右，组织中铁素体大部分较连续地存在于原奥氏体的晶界，对材料强化不利；当40SiMnCrNiMoA钢780℃亚温正火后，硬度为HRC38左右，在以往小钎杆较长寿命所需硬度范围HRC35-40内，而组织为细条状铁素体+以板条马氏体和条状无碳贝氏体为主的复合组织，晶粒细小均匀，铁素体体积含量少于20％。

The ferrite grain size of samples influenced the strength and elongation of dual-phase steels with different martensite contents.

试样的铁素体晶粒大小在不同的马氏体范围内对强度和延伸率有不同的影响。

Such an observation can be best explained if Re and 187Os are internally decoupled within molybdenite grains.

这是因为Re和187Os在辉钼矿亚晶粒范围内出现了失耦现象，也就是由于放射性成因187Os的迁移使Re和187Os在空间上不再保持连接。

The prepared powders were characterized by XRD, UV-Vis, FTIR, N_2 adsorption, Fluorescence spectroscopy, etc. N-doped TiO_2 evidently shows its absorbance shoulder shift into visible light region. Moreover, N-doping retards the transition of TiO_2 from anatase to rutile type as well as restrains the growth of the crystal size which leads to less decrease of surface area. These characteristics are considered to benefit the photoactivity of TiO_2; When all the samples were applied to the photodecomposition of Methylene Blue under visible light(λ＞400 nm), the N-doped TiO_2 show an obvious superiority when compared to the undoped TiO_2, the active hydroxyl groups are found to play a important role in this high photoactivity; When the same experiment was performed under UV light, all the samples show the consistent sequence of photoactivity as in the visible light.

通过UV-Vis、XRD、BET、IR、FL等表征手段测试表明：掺氮不仅使TiO_2的光吸收区域拓展到可见光区，而且有利于延缓TiO_2晶相的转换，从而抑止了高温煅烧下所引起的晶粒增大以及比表面积的降低，且氮源浓度越高，此现象越明显，这些特征都有利于催化剂光催化活性的提高；在主波长大于400nm的可见光催化亚甲基蓝实验当中，掺氮TiO_2的光催化活性明显优越于未掺氮样品，亚甲基蓝在90min内达到88％的脱色率。

The results show that the microstructures of these three kinds of coating are different from those of the matrix (20 steel). The wear resistance of the flame spray coating is 4. 9 times that of the matrix. This is caused by the existance of hard noncrystal microparticals. The wear resistance of the coating by flame spray welding is 6. 3 times that of the matrix. The reason is that the fine crystal grains can be formed and the solution strengthening, dispersion hardening can be induced by these alloy elements. The resistance of the laser remelt coating is 8. 8 times that of the matrix. This is due to the solution strengthening, dispersion hardening and the existence of very hard dendritic crystal, eutectic and martensite in the microstructure.

作者指出，喷涂层由于层内有一定数量高硬度的合金非晶质点存在，其耐磨性是钢基体的4.9倍；喷熔层内合金晶化产生的晶粒细小，合金元素能起固溶强化作用，也能生成化合物产生弥散硬化作用，故此耐磨性是钢基体的6.3倍；激光涂敷层除所含合金元素产生的固溶强化和弥散硬化作用外，表层组织为高硬度的枝晶+共晶和马氏体，故其耐磨性是钢基体的8.8倍。

Accelerated cooling (60℃/s) to 400℃ refines the allotriomorphic ferrite grain but retards the nucleation of intragranular ferrite with its distribution on prior austenite grain boundary as well as the volume fraction of bainite increased, and the strength increased but the elongation decreased and yield ratio became much higher on the steel.

当冷速增加到60℃/s且卷取温度为400℃左右时，铁素体在晶内形核受到抑制，铁素体沿原奥氏体晶界分布，晶粒得到细化，贝氏体体积分数增加，强度有较大的提高，但延伸率较低，屈强比较高。

The misorientation environment for different oriented grains of primary texture in the decarburized specimen was calculated based on the misorientation principles.

根据取向差原理计算了脱碳样品主要织构组分内各取向晶粒的取向差环境。

Nanostructured ZnO films with grain size of 28～35 nm have been prepared on quartz glass substrates by pulse laser ablation of Zn target in oxygen atmosphere. The structural and optical properties of the films were studied. ZnO thin films with typical c-axis (002) orientation were successfully deposited at a range of 100～250 ℃. The results obtained by X-ray diffraction and photoluminescence measurements show that the strong UV emission centering is about 378～385 nm and deep-level emission centering about 518～558 nm in the room temperature PL spectra of the ZnO films.

利用脉冲激光沉积法在氧气氛中烧蚀锌靶制备了纳米晶氧化锌薄膜，衬底为石英玻璃，晶粒尺寸约为28～35 nm.X射线衍射结果和光致发光光谱的测量表明，当衬底温度在100～250 ℃范围内时，所获得的ZnO薄膜具有c轴的择优取向，所有样品的强紫外发射中心均在378～385 nm范围内，深能级发射中心约518～558 nm，衬底温度为200 ℃时，得到了单一的紫外光发射。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。