晶粒

To the materials , there are rare dislocations in their crystal grains; to the unstrengthened samples, there are many dislocations which well-distributed in their grains; and to the strengthened samples, there are a large amount of dislocations scattered along their grain-boundaries, that is, the dislocations form a dislocation wall which is of great dislocation density.

又经透射电子显微镜对各种样品微观组织结构进行分析，发现其位错组态明显不同：①原材料样品中的晶粒内仅存在有非常稀疏的位错线；②未经过强化的样品中可观察到大量均匀分布的位错，分布密度相对较高；③在经过低载锻炼强化的样品中，可观察到大量的晶粒内在晶界附近聚集着一道密度很高的位错墙。

The presence of isopropanol in the crystallization process is beneficial for the formation of small Silicalite-1 nanocrystals. The rearrangement reaction results on the different Silicalite-1 indicate that the rearrangement reaction takes place at the external surface of the crystallites as well as in the mouths of zeolitic pores, but not inside the zeolitic pores.

制备条件对Silicalite-1的催化行为影响较大，在由硅酸乙酯水解老化后的溶胶中添加异丙醇可以促进小晶粒Silicalite-1的生成，改变模板剂的用量、晶化温度和时间等可以合成不同晶粒尺寸和形貌的Silicalite-1纳米晶。

These alloys will maintain an extremely fine grain size at temperatures well beyond their recrystallization temperature, up to the temperature where the second phase finally dissolves or coarsens, which allows grain growth to proceed.

这些合金将维护极端微粒的大小在温度充分超过他们的再结晶温度，由温度决定，第二个阶段最后溶化或变粗，允许晶粒生长进行通常，二种锻炼的脾气是可利用的：光锻炼，轻微地执行在温度在再结晶温度之上和软绵绵地锻炼，执行几百程度更高，在温度在迅速晶粒生长开始的点之下。

Based on analysis of solidified structure of aluminium strip in different laboratorial conditions, the effect of commutating period on grain refinement.

通过对不同试验条件下铝带坯宏观组织的分析，探讨了换相周期对铸轧带坯晶粒细化的影响，试验结果表明：换相周期在电磁快速铸轧工艺中是一个重要的电磁参数，当换相周期数为1，电磁场频率为13Hz时，晶粒细化效果最好。

Acicular ferrite microstructure in micro-alloyed steels, which nucleates around non-metallic inclusions, especially oxide inclusions, has high strength and good toughness and possesses strong grain-refining ability by itself. The ultra-fine grained steel with excellent weldability is likely to be produced by forming in materials a great number of fine and dispersive micro-inclusions which is helpful to induce AF to nucleate around them through oxide metallurgy technology.

微合金钢针状铁素体组织强度高、韧性好，在奥氏体晶内非金属夹杂物上诱导形核，具有很强的自身细化晶粒的能力，通过氧化物冶金技术控制钢铁材料形成大量细小、弥散，具有诱导AF形核能力的有益微夹杂物，有望获得焊接性能优良的超细晶粒钢。

The results show that it is possible to improve the properties of low carbonsteel against straining and aging by controlling the hot working conditions andthat the grain size and microstructure of killed steel may vary within fairly widelimits and yet its impact values after strain-aging may still remain within the re-quired standard; whereas strict control of the grain size and microstructure is ne-cessary in order to produce rimming steel of required impact value after strain-aging.

结果示：控制热轧条件可以改进&钢三&的显微结构，从而改善了&钢三&机械时效处理后的变脆倾向，其中镇静钢的显微结构和晶粒度可以在较大的范围内改变而成品均可以达到标准的要求，但沸腾钢则要严格地控制其显微结构和晶粒度才能合格。

Something that resembles a seed, as a tiny bubble in a piece of glass or a small crystal added to a solution to start crystallization.

晶粒，小泡：象种子的东西，例如玻璃里的小泡或加在溶液中使开始结晶的小晶粒

In the formation of columnar structure,∑5 and ∑11 grain boundaries decrease and finally disappear.

柱状晶组织形成过程中伴随着∑5和∑11晶界的减少和最终消失，这种低∑重位晶界的移动主要是由于(100)取向晶粒与基体晶粒之间存在沿〈100〉或〈110〉转动36.9°或50.5°的取向关系。

For thin polycrystalline films, especially those with columnar structure, once the diameter of grains on the film surface is larger than the film thickness, the total area of above and under basal planes (film-substrate interface) will be larger than that of side plane. And if the film precipitates on the substrate with thermal expansion coefficient different from that of the film, great thermal stress will be introduced during annealing.

对于薄膜特别是柱状晶薄膜，当晶粒在膜平面内的尺寸大于膜厚时，柱状晶粒的上底面和下底面的面积将大于侧面的面积，如果薄膜还附着在与其热胀系数不同的基体上并在不同于沉积温度的条件下退火时，膜中将存在较大的热应力。

Microstructure observation shows that crystals of copper and steel are in contact directly and the interface is rugged in micro-area at the interface as well, which contributes to good bonding between copper layer and steel core wire.

经金相组织观察，铜、钢晶粒在界面处直接接触，界面呈极细微的凹凸不平的状态，经冷轧后，铜、钢晶粒在界面处互相咬合，且铜与钢的变形随着变形量的增大而趋于均匀。

Fancy gold-plated dangling earrings with facetted White Opal crystals.

花式镀金悬垂耳环与facetted白欧泊水晶。

This essay chooses the study aim from biology teachers in middle school in Shi Jiazhuang which tells us that most of the middle school biology teachers in Shi Jiazhuang have the"burnout", lower successfulness, individualize.

本文选取石家庄市初中生物教师作为研究对象，运用问卷调查的方法对石家庄市初中生物教师职业倦怠的现状进行调查，调查结果发现，石家庄市初中生物教师这一群体普遍存在职业倦怠，情感枯竭程度偏高，成就感偏低，去个性化程度最为严重。