晶内的

By employing such a method, 5 series of elastomers, including natural rubbers, elastomeric polyester fibers and ethylene-octene, ethylene-methyl acrylate as well as SIS triblock copolymers, were investigated with the purpose of studying elongation induced phase structure and mobility changes of the samples. For NR samples, it was demonstrated that there exists a small amount of crystals at RT even for unelongated samples. For both NR and the soft segment of PEE, with the increase of elongation ratio, the elongation-induced crystallinity increases almost linearly in a certain region of R, in accord with the increase of the lamellar thickness of the crystals; The behavior of ethylene copolymers, in terms of elongation induced morphorpholgy changes, are quite different from NR and PEE. The crystals are found to be gradually destroyed with the increase of R, with accord with the decrease of the lamellar thickness; The motional behavior of the soft segment of SIS, changes from "liquid" to "solid", in terms of 13C NMR spin-lattice relaxation.For many of the aformented samples, the dependence of 13C spin-lattice relaxtion time T1 on R are different for different groups, indicating that the changes of mobility at MHz frequency region with elongation are different for different groups.

通过对天然橡胶、聚醚酯嵌段共聚物、乙烯-辛烯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、SIS等高分子弹性体样品聚集态结构和分子运动的研究，获得了一些新的实验结果，如：给出了确切的实验证据，证明了室温下未拉伸的天然橡胶样品中存在着微量的结晶；发现随着拉伸比增加，天然橡胶及聚醚酯样品的软段部分会出现拉伸诱导的结晶，且结晶度在一定范围内呈现近似线性的增加，所形成晶片的厚度也随之逐渐增加；而乙烯共聚物随着拉伸比的增加，原有的结晶会被逐渐破坏，晶片厚度逐渐变薄，结晶中的缺陷逐渐增加；随着拉伸比的增加，SIS中PI软段部分的核磁共振弛豫行为会出现从液态到固态的转变等；在对上述多个体系的研究中，还发现不同基团的自旋-晶格弛豫时间随着拉伸比呈现不同的变化趋势，表明不同基团的高频运动随拉伸比增加有不同的变化规律。

Accelerated cooling (60℃/s) to 400℃ refines the allotriomorphic ferrite grain but retards the nucleation of intragranular ferrite with its distribution on prior austenite grain boundary as well as the volume fraction of bainite increased, and the strength increased but the elongation decreased and yield ratio became much higher on the steel.

当冷速增加到60℃/s且卷取温度为400℃左右时，铁素体在晶内形核受到抑制，铁素体沿原奥氏体晶界分布，晶粒得到细化，贝氏体体积分数增加，强度有较大的提高，但延伸率较低，屈强比较高。

The composition of TB6 alloy ingots after heat treatment then water colling and air colling was analyzed. The results show that the segregation in the grain boundary is more serious than the segregation in the grain both in air cooled ingot and quenching ingot, the composition in grain boundary are not uniform; the segregation of Fe is more serious than the segregation of Al and V; the composition in air cooled ingot and quenching ingot are more uniform than the composition in cast; the segregation in quenching ingot is lowest, quenching can reduce the segregation.

中文摘要：对热处理之后进行水冷与空冷的TB6合金铸锭进行了成分分析，对两种热处理所得结果进行分析，发现无论铸态还是空冷与水冷之后的试样，晶界偏析总比晶内严重，而且晶界处的成分分布很不均匀；Fe元素的偏析要比Al元素与V元素的偏析严重；空冷与水冷后的试样，各个元素分布较原始态的更加均匀，各测试点之间的差距减小；水冷之后的试样成分分布更理想，比空冷的效果好，水冷可以显著改善TB6合金铸锭偏析现象。

An EPMA was performed quantitatively on the influence of Ce upon the Mn segregation in cellcrystals, columnar and Equiaxial dendrites of high-Mn steel.

与此同时，用电子探针微区分析考察了Ce对高锰钢中Mn在胞晶、柱状树枝晶及等轴晶内偏析的定量影响。

In the case of granite, observation results indicate that the extending routes of active cracks are mainly intercrystalline, transcrystalline, inter-transcrystalline, and intracrystalline. When the strain rate is low, the long intercrystalline cracks are prevailing, and with increasing of the strain rate, the short transcrystalline and intracrystalline cracks gradually increase. The statistic results show that the active crack density increases with increasing of the strain rate, and the mean length of active cracks diminishes with increasing of the strain rate, that is, the induced damage in comminuted product increases with increasing of the strain rate. For the first time this dissertation integrates macroscopic results of comminution with active crack growth under impact loading. It elucidates why the dynamic comminution strength of mineral beds increases with increasing of the strain rate through the active crack extending, and analyzes the influence of structure and constitution of minerals on their damage under impact stress. It is authenticated that both the size distribution and the damage population of comminuted product can be characterized by the fractal.

为分析料层颗粒在冲击下的细观损伤效果，采用德国生产的ASM68K半自动图象分析仪对粉碎生成物中的损伤情形进行了观测，以花岗岩为例，观测结果表明花岗岩颗粒在冲击应力下的活化裂纹扩展路径主要表现为沿晶、穿晶、沿穿晶和晶内等形式，在低应变速率下，活化裂纹以沿晶裂纹较多，随着应变速率的提高，其它裂纹形式大量繁衍，统计结果表明活化裂纹密度随着应变速率的增大而增大，活化裂纹的平均长度随着应变速率的增大而减小，综合表现为颗粒的细观损伤程度随着应变速率的增大而增大；首次将应力作用下的活化裂纹演化特征与粉碎的宏观效果相联系，并就料层动态粉碎强度随应变速率增大而提高的现象从裂纹演化特征的角度进行了解释；分析了矿岩构造结构特性对损伤产生和分布的影响。

Whereas, in the unrecovered sample which was heated by laser for short time, although the＜001＞∥ND subgrains growth could be observed, but the growing preference was not so sharp as that in the recovered case.

通过透射电镜对铜的微观亚结构形貌观察与取向分析表明，在初始晶粒为15μm、经88％冷轧的样品中发现，冷轧基体中存在清晰的亚晶粒间界，并存在＜001＞∥ND取向区域；＜001＞∥ND亚晶周围聚集有＜011＞∥ND、＜112＞∥ND和＜123＞∥ND取向亚晶；＜001＞∥ND亚晶内具有较低的位错密度，而其它取向亚晶位错密度相对较高。

The isothermal kinetics of nanogram obtained by MA has been studied in section three. The grain growth of α solid solution of Fe〓CuNb〓Si〓B〓 powders is controlled by a single kinetics within the experimental temperature range, the activation energy for grain growth is 80.3kJ/mol, magnetic properties of powders at different annealing and milling conditions are measured, a preliminary effort has been given to the consolidation of Fe〓CuNb〓Si〓B〓 powders.

第三部分研究了机械纳米晶化粉末的等温晶粒长大动力学，在实验研究的温度范围内，Fe〓CuNb〓Si〓B〓纳米晶α固溶体的晶粒长大由单一的动力学过程所控制，其晶粒长大激活能为80.3kJ/mol，研究了不同球磨条件及热处理条件下纳米晶粉末的磁性，对纳米晶粉末的成型进行了初步的尝试。

In the framework of effective field theory, we have calculated the relation of Curie temperature and crystal field and discussed system's critical and related magnetic properties in the system of three-dimensional cubic lattice in the presence of bond dilution and random crystal field.

系统的居里温度随着晶场的增加而单调递减并且在相图中出现了三临界点，而键稀疏对三临界点有着明显的抑制作用，当键稀疏浓度降低到阈值pc 的时候系统将出现诱导磁有序，此时晶场浓度无论如何取值，该系统在一定的晶场范围内 0 ≤？

It is clarified for the first time that the thermal fatigue failure of solder joint is actually a creep strain low cycle fatigue failure, and a physical model for creep fatigue crack propagation has been proposed. It was pointed out that creep strain increases in the high stress area ahead of the tip of thermal fatigue crack, results on one hand that the slide of crack tip increase, inactivation more serious and crack close length increases, the other hand, that intergranular crack exists, whose direction will affect the fatigue crack propagating.

本文首次阐明了焊点的热循环失效本质上是以焊点内循环蠕变为主要应变的低周疲劳失效，并在此基础上提出了蠕变疲劳裂纹扩展的物理模型，指出热循环裂纹前端的高应力区内，蠕变加剧，使裂纹前端滑移增加，裂纹钝化加剧，导致随后的裂纹闭合扩展长度增加；同时蠕变也使裂纹前端的高应力区出现晶间裂纹，蠕变沿晶裂纹对主裂纹扩展的影响取决于沿晶裂纹的连接方向。

Refining grain behavior of the heat affected zone of E36 high strength low alloy steel was studied, when E36 steel was welded by three wires submerged arc welding with 110 kJ/cm large heat input.

研究了焊接热输入为110kJ/cm三丝埋弧自动焊E36高强度低合金钢热影响区的晶粒细化行为；用自动图像分析仪测量了焊接热影响区诱导晶内铁素体形核夹杂物的大小、分布；用透射电镜观察了具有自细化行为晶内铁素体的形貌。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了