晶体学

In addition to the reason of crystallography, it is primarily attributed to the effect of the interfaces in the PST crystal on deformation.

这种各向异性的产生有晶体学取向的原因，但最主要的是由于PST晶体中片层界面对变形的影响。

The synchrotron radiation light source with its unique advantages is widely used in macromolecular crystallography.

X射线晶体学是解决蛋白质三维结构的重要方法，同步辐射光源因其独特的优点广泛应用于蛋白质晶体学中。

We found that during the growth process the double steps first grow separately and the connected by short bridge before tangential growth. After eighth or ninth layer the spiral steps would merge into intact elliptic layers. At the merging point right-handed spiral sources might appear but the left ones always overgrow it which made the whole growth topography looked like left-handed apparently. It indicated that the EAFP molecules has strong ability to adjust itself to adapt the environment. 5. Through various analysis of interactions in the EAFP crystals it indicated that there were 218 residue interactions between 12 symmetry-related EAFP molecules around one EAFP molecule, 18 strong ones and 72 weak ones .

EAFP在低过饱和度下的螺旋生长过程中会出现台阶的合并，从而表现出单-双的螺旋台阶，在小范围扫描中捕获到了这种现象，使得对螺旋生长台阶的合并过程有了更加深入的认识；并且台阶的生长受到沿晶体学b轴方向上的21螺旋对称的控制；当台阶生长至第八到第九层时，螺旋台阶会自动地形成完整的生长层，这充分说明了EAFP分子或分子簇具有良好的自身调节能力，这样在晶体生长过程中，晶体的缺陷减少，晶体质量提高，这也可说明EAFP晶体的x射线衍射能力很强的原因。

The lecture contains 12 chapters for 2 semesters and includes information of materials basic features and properties such as Crystallography, Motion state of electrons in solids, Crystal structure, Semi-crystals and non-crystals, Phase diagram, Point defects and line defects, Plane defects and volume defects, Diffusion, as well as the basic principles of materials processing such as Solidification, Deformation and recrystallization, Solid transformation.

授课内容分十二章；涉及材料最基本的性质和特征（晶体学基础，固体材料中电子运动状态，晶体结构，非晶态与半晶态，相图、晶体中的点缺陷与线缺陷、面缺陷与体缺陷、扩散）以及材料成形过程涉及的基本原理（凝固、形变与再结晶、固态相变等）。

It was quantitatively argued that the difference in the congruent melt compositions experimentally observed for the growth of compositionally homogeneous [00.1] and [10.0] -oriented LiNbO〓 single crystals could be a result from anisotropies in the surface free energy contributed to the total free energy of a crystal nucleus.

从热力学上定量阐明了沿不同晶体学方向生长LiNbO〓单晶时同成分熔化点成分之差别可能是由不同的晶体学固液界面能所致。研究结果表明双亚点阵离子溶液模型和化合物能量模型是处理硼酸盐溶体相和氧化物离子固溶体相的有效的热力学模型。

The inperfect crystal structure and its analysis for materials, is an elective course for the master graduate student, which include the crystallology principle, development of crystal diffraction, crystal determination and computer simulation of new phase, analysis of solid solution and superstructure, correction of crystal structure and bondvalent theory, analysis of inperfect crystal structure, analysis of amorphous structure and so on.

材料不完整晶体结构及其分析方法，为材料科学及工程等专业硕士研究生的选修课，内容包括晶体学基础、晶体衍射技术最新进展、新相晶体结构测定与数值模拟、固溶体与超结构分析、晶体结构修正与价键理论、不完整晶体结构分析、非晶结构分析等。

The phasing problem of ACF-1 was solved by the molecular replacement program AMoRe using the crystal structure of habu Ⅸ/Ⅹ-bp as a initial model.

用habu Ⅸ/Ⅹ-bp的晶体结构作为初始模型，运用分子置换法程序AMoRe获得了ACF-1初始相位，使用Ⅹ-PLOR软件包对ACF-1的晶体结构进行修正，最终晶体学R因子利自由R因子分别为0.199和0.266。

Further X-ray structure analysis at low resolution using molecular replacement technique with the Homarus Americanus lobster GAPDH structure as model structure shows that the subunit arragement within molecule is 222 symmentry, the molecular Q axis is parallel to crystallographic 2-fold axis b and molecular P and R axes are parallel to crystallographic a and c axes respe-ctively.

以Homarus Amercanus龙虾GAPDH结构为模型结构，应用分子置换技术进行了低分辨率Χ射线结构分析，结果表明：分子内亚基排列具有222对称性，分子Q轴平行于晶体学二重轴b，分子P和R轴分别平行于晶体学a和c轴。

Presents the microstructure evolution in aluminum a nd copper after deformation by cold rolling in the strain range of 10 to 50%red uction using TEM and points out three types of dislocation structures are typica l and two of them are common for both materials and these two common types are f ound in non-cube grains and can be distinguished by crystallographic orientatio n of dislocation boundaries in the grains and the third type of structure is obs erved in cube grains, and concludes that grain orientation is important in deter mining the structure type but some other metallurgical parameters also have a ro le to play.

采用TEM对冷轧多晶铜与多晶铝的形变显微组织演变进行了对比研究。结果发现：多晶铜及多晶铝形变显微组织中均含有三类典型的位错结构类型，其中的两种结构特征在两种材料中是相似的，这两种类型结构存在于非立方取向晶粒，可通过晶粒中位错边界的晶体学取向加以区别，另一类型结构存在于立方取向晶粒；晶粒的晶体学取向决定了其形变显微组织类型，但其它冶金学因素对显微组织也有影响。

These problems were first discovered by Ton Spek during testing of the checking programs for the journal. Testing is routinely carried out using cifs and structure-factor files from back issues of Acta Crystallographica Sections E or C.

很遗憾，这篇社论是为了向《晶体学学报》杂志E卷的所有读者和作者以及广大的科学组织就一个事实发出警示，我们最近发现《晶体学学报》杂志E卷所刊出的论文中存在系列科学造假现象，这些论文主要发表于2007年。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。