晶体

On the basis of experiments, the mechanism of phosphorus gettering for crystalline silicon were suggested.

本文在对常规磷吸杂的基础上，研究了晶体硅材料的变温磷吸杂和快速磷吸杂，并在实验的基础上对晶体硅材料磷吸杂机理做了深入的研究，得到了如下主要结果：对晶体硅材料来说，恒温磷吸杂有一个最佳的吸杂温度范围，高于或低于该温度吸杂效果都不理想。

The two kinds of PhC TWTs are the interdigital slow-wave structure and metal grating slow-wave strucutre with two-dimensional dielectric PhC, and the meander line slow-wave structure with PhC and cutoff-waveguide structures.

第四章讨论了利用缺陷模式工作的二维光子晶体栅慢波电路和光子晶体对插销带状束行波放大器，和光子晶体-截止波导曲折线慢波电路行波放大器的设计方法。

It was found that the inorphology ofsulfates is related to the orientation of tetrahedral [SO4]2- in the crystal, i.e., the faces, the edges and faees of the tetrahedra normal to, are expected to grow slowly and observed in final form; in contrast, the faces, the vextices of the tetrahedra pointing to, usually grow fast, and will disappear.

晶体的结晶形貌与[SO4]2-四面体在晶体中的结晶方位密切相关，四面体的面和棱的法线（ L 2）所对向的晶面，生长速率慢，顽强显露，均属晶体的板面；四面体的顶角所指向的晶面，生长速率快，显露面积小，经常消失。

The rate dependent crystallographic finite element program was implemented in ABAQUS as a UMAT for the analysis of the stress distributions near grain boundary in anisotropic bicrystal s and tricrystals, talcing the different crystallographic orientations into consideration.

采用率相关晶体滑移有限元程序对不同取向晶粒构成的双晶体和三晶体在晶界和三晶交点附近的应力集中特性进行了计算分析。

It is expected that this new method can eliminate the growth striations introduced by the fluctuation in pulling rate during crystal growth, and will be a powerful tool for studying the mechanism of crystal growth.

可以预见这种新型提拉方法既可以消除晶体提拉过程中由于拉速的不平滑而引进的晶体生长条纹，同时也可以作为研究晶体生长机理的有力工具。

The nucleation and growth of thermodynamically unstable calcium oxalate trihydrate crystals were faster than those of thermodynamically stable calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals when the crystallization was in higher concentrations of calcium and oxalate (in the form of potassium oxalate). however, only com crystals formed when the concentrations of calcium and oxalate declined to 0.60 mmol/l.

结果 ca2+和c2o42-浓度较高时，热力学不稳定的三水草酸钙晶体成核及生长的速度比一水草酸钙晶体快，而随着ca2+和c2o42-浓度的降低，com晶体的成核和生长占优势，当浓度降低到0.6 mmol/l时，只出现com这一种晶型。

From these simulation results, we analyze and discuss the influence of cavity boundary on Q factors of WG modes. Since there is scale size limitation due to diffraction limitation in microdisk, we also propose a novel design of photonic crystal circular-shaped (CD2) microcavity with well-sustained WG mode. We will apply the same optimization method on this microcavity named photonic crystal microflower CD2 (MFCD2) microcavity. And then this design is realized by a series fabrication processes and the measurement results will be analyzed and discussed.

由於微碟型共振腔在优化会有体积上的限制，故我们在这部分也提出一具有耳语廊模态之光子晶体修正共振腔，我们以相同的讨论结果作基础，将Q值最佳化的对象换成在小体积时也能有良好Q值表现的光子晶体，成为花型拓朴光子晶体共振腔(Photonic Crystal Micro-Flower CD2 Microcavity， PC MFCD2)，接著藉由制程方法实现该设计，并讨论其量测结果。

The clearance after crystal is muddy: The clearance after crystal is the cavity of one layer optics after crystal center is straight, the forehead that funnel state vitreous body is in charge of is in the center of, namely the forehead of primitive vitreous body.

晶体后间隙混浊：晶体后间隙为晶体中心直后的一薄层光学空腔，中央为漏斗状玻璃体管的前部，即原始玻璃体的前部。

The EIM was introduced at first. By solving the scalar wave equation within cladding of TIR-PCF, the fundamental space-filling mode and the effective index of the cladding were calculated. The logical effective radius was selected, and the propagation properties of TIR-PCF were discussed with the classical theory of step-index fiber.

深入研究了有效折射率模型的构造，通过求解标量波动方程得到了光子晶体光纤包层基空间填充模，得出光子晶体光纤的包层有效折射率；选择了较合理的有效半径，利用经典的阶跃光纤理论来研究光子晶体光纤的传输特性。

Using this method, the effect of the PM-PCF structure on the optical characteristic parameters, including modal field diameters,effective refractive index of space-filling mode, normalized frequency, mode field and single-polarization single-mode region etc., are studied systemly.

在第三章，通过全矢量有限元分析方法详细地分析了保偏光子晶体光纤结构参数对光子晶体光纤的光学特性影响，包括对单偏振单模光子晶体光纤的模场直径、基空间填充模的有效折射率、归一化频率、模场分布、单偏振单模区域等一系列光学特性参数进行了分析。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。