晶

Presents the microstructure evolution in aluminum a nd copper after deformation by cold rolling in the strain range of 10 to 50%red uction using TEM and points out three types of dislocation structures are typica l and two of them are common for both materials and these two common types are f ound in non-cube grains and can be distinguished by crystallographic orientatio n of dislocation boundaries in the grains and the third type of structure is obs erved in cube grains, and concludes that grain orientation is important in deter mining the structure type but some other metallurgical parameters also have a ro le to play.

采用TEM对冷轧多晶铜与多晶铝的形变显微组织演变进行了对比研究。结果发现：多晶铜及多晶铝形变显微组织中均含有三类典型的位错结构类型，其中的两种结构特征在两种材料中是相似的，这两种类型结构存在于非立方取向晶粒，可通过晶粒中位错边界的晶体学取向加以区别，另一类型结构存在于立方取向晶粒；晶粒的晶体学取向决定了其形变显微组织类型，但其它冶金学因素对显微组织也有影响。

Whereas, in the unrecovered sample which was heated by laser for short time, although the＜001＞∥ND subgrains growth could be observed, but the growing preference was not so sharp as that in the recovered case.

通过透射电镜对铜的微观亚结构形貌观察与取向分析表明，在初始晶粒为15μm、经88％冷轧的样品中发现，冷轧基体中存在清晰的亚晶粒间界，并存在＜001＞∥ND取向区域；＜001＞∥ND亚晶周围聚集有＜011＞∥ND、＜112＞∥ND和＜123＞∥ND取向亚晶；＜001＞∥ND亚晶内具有较低的位错密度，而其它取向亚晶位错密度相对较高。

The results indicated it was very effective to increase the content of SiC whisker by ammoniating silicasol to decrease the particle size of raw powder and increase the space for SiC whisker growth, and by controlling the reaction temperature to mate the formation of SiC be compatible with the growth of SiC whisker.

工作中系统地研究了反应物料和合成工艺对SiC晶须产率和微观形貌的影响，发现氨解能促进硅溶胶的凝胶化，并细化反应物料，因而有利于SiC晶须的生成；升温速度的控制可使SiC的生成速率与SiC晶须的生长速率得到很好的适应，此为提高SiC晶须产率的有效途径。

For Southwestern Margin of Aqikekule Lake ophiolite, their field geological, petrological, minerological, petrochemical and geochemical characteristics show that:① it outcropped as tectonic slices along the near west-to-east strike Kunzhong fault and is composed of metamorphic perodotties, cumulates and volcanic rocks, in which, chromites are distributed in the upper part of metamorphic peridotites as pods, or in the lower part of cumulates as near-strata;② metamorphic peridotites include serpentinites, chromite-bearing serpentinites, chlorite-epidote schists and chromitites, of which, chromitites have nodular and orbicular structure, and cumulates include pyroxenits, serpentinites, chromite-bearing serpentinites, chromites and metamorphically mafic rocks and only basalts are seen in volcanic rocks;③ Cr# of chromites suggest that they formed in the SSZ and Al〓O〓 and TiO〓 of metamorphic peridotites also suggest SSZ environment;④ metamorphic peridotites have V type and enriched LREE patterns, cumulates have from strongly depleted LREE, flat REE to enriched LREE patterns with universally striking positive Eu anomalies and basalts show flat REE or slight enriched LREE patterns with no Eu anomalies;⑤ trace element and Sm-Nd isotope characteristics of metamorphic peridotites imply their strikingly heterogeneous mantle character ε〓(t+4.39～+26.20 and later Nb, Ta fertilization;⑥ trace element characteristics of basalts and their tectonic diagrams show they probably formed in the rifted island arc or back-arc basin environment.

对阿其克库勒湖西南缘蛇绿岩，野外地质、岩石学、矿物学、岩石化学以及地球化学等特征表明：①该蛇绿岩以近东西向、沿昆中断裂呈构造岩片出露，由变质橄榄岩、堆晶岩和火山岩三个单元组成，其中见铬铁岩呈豆荚状产于变质橄榄岩的上部，或呈似层状产于堆晶岩的下部；②变质橄榄岩包括蛇纹岩、含铬铁矿蛇纹岩、绿帘绿泥片岩和铬铁岩等类型，其中，豆荚状铬铁矿具有结核状构造和球状构造，堆晶岩包括辉石岩、蛇纹岩、含铬铁矿蛇纹岩、铬铁岩和变质基性岩等类型，火山岩仅见玄武岩；③铬铁矿的Cr#表明其形成在俯冲带，变质橄榄岩的Al〓O〓和TiO〓成分也指示了SSZ环境；④变质橄榄岩的稀土配分型式见V型和LREE富集型两种型式，堆晶岩表现出从LREE强烈亏损、REE平坦分布到LREE富集的配分特征，并且普遍具有醒目的正Eu异常，玄武岩的稀土配分型式表现为平坦型或LREE略富集，无Eu异常；⑤变质橄榄岩的微量元素及Sm-Nd同位素特征指示了其地幔的显著不均一性ε〓(t为+4.39～+26.20以及Nb、Ta在后期的富集；⑥玄武岩的微量元素特征及构造图解表明其可能形成在裂谷岛弧或不成熟的弧后盆地环境。

That if the process can produce much liquid phase during the sintering, and which can become into completely-crystal needle-shap or aborization or bar-shap calcium ferrite instead of glass in the cooling process; if the magnetite is interweaved by the caking into the melting corrosion structure, the granular structure or the eutectic structure instead of exiling in the massive isolation; if the mount of the poreis is little, and uniformitly distributing; if the grain is little; if the organizational structure is symmetrical, all of which can improve the quality of the sintering.

另外还归纳出有利于强度提高的工艺参数和操作制度。分析工业试验和水钢现行生产的矿物组成、结构表明，水钢烧结矿以他形晶磁铁矿为主，铁酸钙为主要的粘结相，多形成熔蚀结构、粒状结构和共晶结构，强度较高；而在台车边缘和表层，由于存在较严重边缘效应和点火温度较低，使该区域的烧结矿组织结构疏松，局部呈蜂窝状或薄壁大孔状，铁酸钙较少而硅酸二钙和玻璃质较多，形成骸晶状结构和磁铁矿连晶，强度较低，致使返矿升高。

At 1273K, the density of dislocations were considerably decreased in deformed TiAlMnNb alloy, twinning and 11 superdislocations were hardly observed, but few 1/212 superdislocations and 01 perfect dislocations were found in deformed TiAlMnNb alloy. In high temperature range, brittle-to ductile transition had already occurred in deformed TiAlMnNb alloy, unpinning and climbing were the dominant deformation behavior in TiAlMnNb alloy. In the same way as TiAlMnNb alloy, different distinguishing feature the dislocation configuration at low, intermediate and high temperatures emerged in deformed TiAlMnNbB alloy.

在中温区域，合金中位错组态变化可分为两个小区域，在673K以下，合金的位错组态有孪晶、1/210单位位错和少量的11超点阵位错；这一温度区间内孪晶和位错密度都大大提高，不同系统的孪晶相互交割阻碍了孪生的继续发展，不同方向的位错相互交割阻碍位错进一步滑移，同时孪晶界面也阻碍了位错的运动。

It is shown that the sphere-like body-centered cubic Eu2O3 and monoclinic Sm2O3 nanoparticles obtained with sodium dodecylsulfate as surfactant and the rod-like orthorhombic Eu2O3 and body-centered cubic Sm2O3 nanoparticles fabricated with polyvinylpyrrolidone as surfactant possessed a BET surface area of 44~49 and 34~37m^2/g, respectively.

结果表明，以十二烷基硫酸钠作表面活性剂所得产物为类球状体心立方晶相Eu2O3和单斜晶相Sm2O3纳米粒子，比表面积为44~49 平方公尺/g；而以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮作表面活性剂所得产物则是棒状正交晶相Eu2O3和体心立方晶相Sm2O3纳米粒子，比表面积为3437 平方公尺/g。

The result of SSRT showed that the tensile strength in fusion zone of LBW weldment is higher than base metal, and the IGC in weld decay zone did not crack because of the stretch;IGC in fusion zone of GTAW weldment leads to early fracture, and the IGC in weld decay zone clearly stretched and cause the material to crack. Intergranular stress corrosion cracking in this section is still possible.

慢应变速率拉伸试验结果，LBW焊件之焊道强度高於母材，且於焊接衰化区所造成之沿晶腐蚀并未因拉伸造成开裂；GTAW焊件的焊道沿晶腐蚀导致断裂提早发生，且在焊接衰化区的沿晶腐蚀明显拉伸造成开裂情形，仍有在此区域发生沿晶应力腐蚀破坏的可能。

PLZT bimorph deflexed to the maxima under irradiation when there was no mechanical load, whereas bimorph did not do work; part of the incident energy was wasted, and the other converted into electrical and mechanical energy and stored in the bi- morph driver.

从材料力学角度推导出双晶片执行器在紫外光照射下产生的最大偏移量和最大驱动力，无机械负载时双晶片在光照下产生最大变形，此时双晶片执行器不对外做功，入射光能一部分损失掉，其余转化成电能和机械能，并存储在双晶片执行器中。

The results show that eutectic Al9FeNi phase can be fractured under different deforming conditions, but the primary Al9 FeNi phase is only partly deformed greatly.

结果表明，在不同条件下的高温变形均可使针状共晶l9FeNi相碎化，而对初晶l9FeNi相，只有在较大变形量下才能碎化；在热变形温度为400℃，应变速率为1 s-1，变形量为60％的热模拟实验条件下，不仅共晶l9FeNi相得到明显破碎，而且初晶l9FeNi相也得到一定程度的破碎。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。