星形细胞

The GFAP is a specific marker of astrocyte, its expression is more higher in the activity astrocyte, and finally the GFAP become the main composition of scar formations. The S -100 is a kind of acidity, dissolubilites, low molecular quantity and calcium hydronium conjugated protein, and it is mainly existed in neuroglial cell and schwann cell. It can promote the growth of axon, glial hyper-plasia and nerve divide and calcium's stability inside of cell, thus regulatin g the shape and metabolism of astrocyte . The quantity of S -100 protein and the degree of ischemia have direct proportion .

胶质纤维酸性蛋白是星形胶质细胞的特异性标记物，在活性星形胶质细胞中GFAP的表达相对更高，且最后GFAP成为胶质疤痕的主要成份。S-100蛋白是一种酸性、可溶性、低分子量的钙离子结合蛋白，主要存在于胶质细胞和雪旺细胞中，它可促进轴突生长、胶质增生、神经分化和细胞内钙的稳定，从而调节星形胶质细胞的形态和代谢。S-100蛋白与缺血的程度是成正比的。

Kangdai Ⅰ has protective function to the damaged neurons and astrocytes: Main results:(1) It has direct protective function to the damaged neurons. It can increase the activity and survival rate, decrease the mortality and the transudation rate of LDH in cultured medium and the strong positive cell count of NOS expression of injured neurons.(2) It has also directly protective function to the damaged astrocytes. It can increase the activity and survival rate and protein content in conditioned medium.(3) It can strengthen the ability of BDNF, GDNF, bFGF, HSP and IL-6expression in damaged astrocytes.(4) It can also strengthen obviously the expressions of NSE, bFGF-receptor and bc1-2, lower the expression of bax and caspase-3.(5) It can indirectly protect and restore the damaged neurons by astrocytes. Because the effect of ACMK (ACM interfered by Kangdai Ⅰ) is stronger than ACM+K (ACM associated with Kangdai Ⅰ).

抗呆Ⅰ号对受损的神经元和星形胶质细胞均具有保护作用：主要表现为：(1)对受损神经元具有直接的保护作用，可提高受损神经元的活性和存活率，降低细胞培养液LDH的漏出率、细胞死亡率和NOS染色强阳性细胞的表达量；(2)对受损的星形胶质细胞也有直接的保护作用，可提高其活性、存活率以及培养液蛋白质的含量；(3)能增强受损星形胶质细胞分泌BDNF、GDNF、bFGF、HSP和IL-6的能力；(4)可明显增强受损神经元对NSE、bFGF的受体和bc1-2的表达，降低受损神经元对bax和caspase-3的表达；(5)抗呆Ⅰ号可通过星形胶质细胞间接地保护和修复受损的神经元，因为在多数实验组中经抗呆Ⅰ号作用的ACM的作用远大于ACM与抗呆Ⅰ号联合应用的作用，统计学上具有显著性差异。

Subependymal hamartomas are also typical, and those in the foramina of Monro tend to become giant cell astrocyotmas.

室管膜下错构瘤同时也是典型的表现，位于孟氏孔的病变可能会室管膜下巨细胞型星形细胞瘤。

METHODS: After Feulgen staining, 40 paraffin samples of astrocytic tumors were observed about DI and 5cER by image analysis, MRI appearances were reviewed, including edema around tumor, clearity of boundary, equality of MRI singal, enhancement of tumor, shift of medline, necroses and cyst, then compared them with pathological grade and survival rate.

40例星形细胞肿瘤石蜡标本经Feulgen染色后，用图像分析仪检测其DNA指数及超5倍体率(5cER)；复习患者MRI表现，包括：瘤周水肿程度、边界是否清楚、信号是否均匀、病灶是否明显强化、病灶是否过中线、有无囊变坏死6项指标，与肿瘤病理分级诊断及生存率相比较。

Objective: To investigate the clinical usefulness of DTI multiple parameter and diffusion tenser tracting in astrocytomas.

目的：探讨DTI多参数综合分析及DTT技术在星形细胞瘤分级、术前计划制定、术后疗效评价中的应用价值。

Objective To investigate the clinical usefulness of DTI multiple parameter and diffusion tenser tracting in astrocytomas.

目的 探讨磁共振扩散张量成像多参数综合分析及扩散张量纤维束成像在星形细胞瘤临床分级中的应用价值。

the result suggested that the age pathology grade and histologyical types were all involved in the astrocytoma progression.

星形细胞瘤恶性进展与年龄、肿瘤的病理分级和组织类型有关。

For the islet destruction by fibrosis the pancreatic stellate cells might play quite an important role and the mechaism is quite clear. However, in humans we are not quite sure.

纤维化引起胰岛破坏过程中，胰腺星形细胞可能起相当重要的作用，具体方式在人体仍不清楚。

Objective To explore the value of diffusion weighted imaging in the differential diagnosis between viral encephalitis, cerebral infarctions and low grade astrocytomas.

目的探讨扩散加权成像对病毒性脑炎、脑梗死和脑低级星形细胞瘤的鉴别诊断价值。

Methods Immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expression of VEGF-B, VEGF-C and MVD in 73 cases with astrocytoma.

方法应用免疫组化法检测73例不同级别人脑星形细胞瘤中VEGF-B、VEGF-C的表达水平和MVD。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。