昆虫的

During 1994～1996,we found that Scarabaeidae,Carabidae and Elateridae are the dominant groups of soil Coleopteran.They showed the obviously seasonal dynamic in density ,vertical distribution and diversity that have different responses to the changes of season. According to their roles in grassland ecosystem, their main functions in the system can be performed by their larvae, and the most powerful influence in the system should be in spring and autumn.

大针茅草原中土壤鞘翅目昆虫的组成以金龟总科、步甲科为主。2）土壤鞘翅目昆虫密度具有明显的季节动态，即春季和秋季密度较高，夏季密度较低。3）土壤鞘翅目昆虫中不同类群对季节的变化有明显不同的响应。4）随季节变化土壤鞘翅目昆虫在土壤中的垂直分布及水平分布有显著变化。

In order to provide an scientific basis and technology support to local agricultural by–products export quarantine, an investigation was carried out on the species of stored insects of export agricultural by–products from 2003 to 2005 in the region. The quarantine significance of different stored insects and the insect community structure characteristics of five stored export products were analyzed, besides, a study was conducted on the ecology of Dermestes maculatus Degeer in the laboratory. The main results were as follows. 1. The ordinary and systematic measures were used to investigate stored insect species on export products, such as Willow, Brush, Feather, Leather, Woodwork, grain, coconut funicle, lotus leaf etc., in the finished product, transferring, material reserve and processing storages of the export industries.

为了给该地区农副产品的出口检疫提供科学依据和技术支持，笔者于2003-2005年对江苏沿江地区各类出口农副产品检疫场所的仓储昆虫种类进行了调查，分析了各种仓储昆虫的检疫重要性以及5类出口农副产品仓储昆虫的群落特征，并对重要仓储害虫白腹皮蠹的生态学特性进行了研究，现将结果总结如下： 1、2003-2005年通过对江苏沿江地区的草柳藤制品、笔刷制品、羽绒制品、皮革制品、木制品、粮饲库存点、椰壳纤维、荷叶加工厂等出口企业的成品储藏库、中转库、原料储备库、加工车间等检疫场所的昆虫种类进行了普查和系统调查，共采集标本1800余件，从中鉴定出130种仓储动物，隶属2纲、9目、51科，其中害虫6目、40科、105种，益虫5目、10科、25种；此外，还发现2中国新记录种，即阔鼻谷象Caulophilus oryzae和黑斑豆象Bruchus dentipes。

Of or belonging to the insect order Hemiptera, which includes the true bugs of the suborder Heteroptera and their allies of the suborder Homoptera, characterized by piercing or sucking mouthparts and two pairs of wings.

半翅目的半翅目昆虫的，这类昆虫包括异翅亚目昆虫及同翅亚目昆虫，其特征是具有锐利或吮吸的口器，有两对翅膀

Videlicet, this sequence represents the accountability of the 11 features in distinguishing insects on the level of species. According to the above results, some features varies not remarkably on all levels, such as Lobation, Shape-Parameter etc. This shows that such kind of features are nearly same in all species of insects, and can represent the feature suitable to distinguish all insects from other classes of animals. On the other hand, they are not suitable as distinguishable features of levels which lower than insect Class.

从结果可以看出，有些特征在各个分类阶元上差异均不是很显著，如叶状性、形状参数，说明此类特征在昆虫中具有较强的共性，可以代表整体昆虫的特征，而不适合于作昆虫纲下阶元的分类特征；有些特征在各分类阶元下的差异始终比较显著，如周长、面积等，说明这些特征适合在各分类阶元上作为昆虫的分类特征。

This paper extracted and analysed 11Math-Mophological Features such as Area, Perimeter, X-Length, Y-Length, Shape-Parameter, Lobation, Sphericity, Circularity, Roundness, Eccentricity and HoleNumber. Based on 40 species of insects which belonging to 8 Orders, 25 Families. And then ranks the accountability of 11 features each in insect identification while assessing their implication to insect taxonomy on levels of Order, Superfamily, Family and Species. More than those, also describes the kinship among the insects of various categories within the same level from the perspective of mathematical morphology through cluster analyses.

论文对隶属于8个目25科的40种昆虫利用计算机视觉技术进行了自动鉴别研究，从昆虫图像中提取和分析了这些昆虫的面积、周长、横轴长、纵轴长、形状参数、叶状性、球状性、圆形性、似圆度、偏心率、亮斑数等11项数学形态特征，并分别探讨了在目、总科、科及种分类阶元上这些数学特征在昆虫分类中的应用可能性和可靠性，利用聚类分析从数学形态学角度对所涉及到的同阶元昆虫类群的亲缘关系做了描述。

This work is one of the most important bases of eliminating locusts. Studying the oogenesis of insects has important significance on demonstrating the reproductive mechanism and controlling locusts" fertility. At the same time, it"s an important means of studying the forecast of pests and the law of occurrence. It can reveal the law of ovipositing and explain the physiological basis of pests" occurrence, thus design "biorational insecticide.

研究昆虫的卵子发生对于阐明昆虫的生殖机理和控制繁殖具有重要的实践意义，是研究害虫预测预报和发生规律的一种重要手段，同时可以揭示昆虫大量产卵的规律，阐明害虫大发生的生理基础，从而设计出"生物合理的杀虫剂"，并为促进有益昆虫的大量繁殖提供理论依据。

The paper studies mostly: the community structure of Orthoptera, fauna analysis, species diversity, similarity of insect community in different habitats, the analysis of ecological species group, and the origin and evolution of insect and plant community in Daqinggou Nature Reserve.

主要内容包括：直翅目昆虫群落的结构、区系组成、以及物种多样性，不同生境中昆虫群落的相似性分析，昆虫生态种组的聚类分析，最后讨论了大青沟直翅目昆虫的区系起源演化和大青沟植物群落的起源问题。

Just under this background, studying on the flight mechanism of flapping-wing MAV and sample fabrication from the bionics are conducted in this dissertation. The kinematics equations of insect wings can be acquired by the observation and measurement on the natural insect in researching paper. The geometry model of insect is established by UG technology. The three dimensional grid during the insect moving in the flow field is achieved which adopted grid generation method. The characteristic of lift and drag are attained by simulation the surround flow field during the locomotion of wings, and the flight mechanism of insect is discussed. Based on this study, the physical flapping-wing MAV is fabricated by the acquirable materials and parts of apparatus in existence.

正是在这一背景下，本文从仿生的角度来研究微型飞行器的飞行机理与样机制作；通过查阅文献中对自然界中昆虫翅膀运动的观察与测量，获取了昆虫翅膀的运动方程；采用UG建模技术，建立昆虫的几何模型；采用网格划分方法，获取昆虫在流场运动时的三维网格；运用CFD方法模拟翅膀运动时周围的流场，获取昆虫运动时的升阻力特性，进而来研究昆虫的飞行机理；在此基础上，通过现有可用的材料加工制作仿生微型飞行器。

There were 22 pollinating insect species belonging to 4 orders and 11 families, among which, native bee species Megachile abluta, M. spissula, Xylocopa valga, Andrena parvula and Anthophora melanognatha were the main pollinators. M. abluta, M. spissula and X. valga were of uni-peak type with diurnal foraging activities trom 11:30 to 15:30, while A. parvula and A. melanognatha were of double-peak type with diurnal foraging activities on 9:30-11:30 and 16:30-18:30, indicating a complementary relationship among the pollinators. The main pollinators had significant differences in their tripping frequency and landing time, and their foraging behaviors were correlated with their body sizes.

结果表明：苜蓿访花昆虫共计22种，分别属于4个目，11个科，根据弹花效率初步确定鳞地蜂、黑颚条蜂、净切叶蜂、细切叶蜂和紫木蜂为河西地区主要传粉昆虫；主要传粉昆虫的日活动规律出现单峰型和双峰型2种，净切叶蜂、细切叶蜂和紫木蜂属于前者，只在11：30-15：30出现一个活动高峰，而鳞地蜂与黑颚条蜂则为双峰型，在9：30-11：30和16：30-18：30分别出现访花高峰，不同的传粉昆虫之间存在互补关系；主要传粉昆虫的弹花频率和小花停留时间存在显著差异，且访花行为与野生蜂体型紧密相关。

This work is one of the most important bases of eliminating locusts. Studying the oogenesis of insects has important significance on demonstrating the reproductive mechanism and controlling locusts" fertility. At the same time, it"s an important means of studying the forecast of pests and the law of occurrence. It can reveal the law of ovipositing and explain the physiological basis of pests" occurrence, thus design "biorational insecticide.

研究昆虫的卵子发生对于阐明昆虫的生殖机理和控制繁殖具有重要的实践意义，是研究害虫预测预报和发生规律的一种重要手段，同时可以揭示昆虫大量产卵的规律，阐明害虫大发生的生理基础，从而设计出&生物合理的杀虫剂&，并为促进有益昆虫的大量繁殖提供理论依据。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。