时间生物学

Fields covered include: logic of provability, applications of computability theory to biology, psychology, physics, chemistry, economics, and other basic sciences; computability theory and computable models; logic and space-time geometry; hybrid systems; logic and region-based theory of space.

包括的领域包括： provability的逻辑，对生物学，心理学，物理学，化学，经济学和其他基础科学的computability 理论的应用； computability 理论和可计算的模型；逻辑学和空间时间几何学；混合法；逻辑和基于地区的空间的理论。

I see three possibilities: it's something about the biological aging of the brain, it's a consequence of the amount of information in the brain, or it's an artefact of social pressures (older people have less time to do the rumination and daydreaming that are so intrinsic to creativity).

我看出三种可能性：它是脑的某种生物学的老化，它是由于脑中有大量信息，或它是一种社会压力的赝品（较老的人有较少的时间去反思和幻想，而这是创造力所必有的）。

Results:(1)NSCs form typical neurospheres under adequate concentration in vitro, which are immunoreactive to Vimentin. Typically and terminally differentiated mature neural cells could not be found without the stimulus of mitogen or only under NSCs self-regulation and self-induction;(2)NSCs derived from hippocampus maintain the character of stem cells much longer with better biological behavior; NSCs passed to the 2-3 passage are the best to graft since they have not differentiated;(3)NSCs cultured in vitro could self-regulate and differentiate into neurospheres and progenitors positively immunoreactive to specific antibodies representing neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells;(4)There are widespread synaptic contacts between various kinds of descendent clones and cells;(5)Neurospheres could be formed without the stimulus of mitogen when NSCs and OECs are cocultured. Many neurospheres and cells immunoreactive to Vimentin, GFAP, MAP2, 02, p75NGFR, GFAP, S-100, Synaptosis, Vimentin, Tau (Tau is only positive in cocultureof HNSCs+HOECs) could be found;(6)The supernatant fluid triturated from adult rat spinal cord stimulates NSCs to differentiate into neurons, but do not terminally differentiate;(7)Fibroblasts and O4 oligodendrocytes are not supported to grow under this culture medium.Part II: Isolation, culture and identification of rat and human olfactory ensheathing cellsOlfactory ensheathing cells/glials are the most powerful cells to enable the regeneration of axons in the central nervous system.

结果表明：①在适宜的浓度体外培养条件下，NSCs能形成典型的神经干细胞克隆球，Vimentin免疫荧光染色阳性，单靠丝裂原刺激或NSCs自我调节和分化诱导，不会产生典型的终末分化的成熟神经细胞；②海马源性的NSCs维持干细胞特性的时间更长，生物学特性更优；③传至第2～3代的NSCs尚未分化时移植最佳；④体外培养的NSCs能自我调控分化为神经元、星形胶质细胞、O2少突胶质细胞、雪旺氏细胞染色阳性克隆球和前体细胞；⑤各种子代克隆球和细胞存在广泛的突触联系；⑥NSCs与OECs联合培养时，不需丝裂原刺激即能形成克隆球，获得大量Vimentin、GFAP、MAP2、O2、p75NGFR、GFAP、S-100、Synaptosis、Vimentin、Tau(Tau只有人HNSCs+HOECs联合培养时出现阳染)染色阳性的克隆球和细胞；⑦脊髓研磨后的上清液刺激神经干细胞向神经元方向分化，但并不出现终末分化；⑧本研究培养条件不利于成纤维细胞、O4生长。

There are two closely connected aspects to biological sequences: their relative position in the space of all other sequences, and their movement through this sequence space in evolutionary time.

有两紧密把方面和生物学的顺序连结起来︰在进化的时间的透过这顺序空间的在全部其他顺序的空间内的他们的有关的位置和他们的运动。

Chain? Should we biologically alter workers to fit the job requirement , for example , creating pilots with faster reaction times or assembly — line workers designed to do our monotonous work for us? Should we attempt to eliminate " inferior people " and breed a " superrace "?

如果我们生物学上改变工人来适合该工作要求，例如：创建飞行员用加快反应时间或者集会行工人故意的来确实我们的单调的为我们工作应该我们消除的企图："次等的人"和养育一种" s 超级种族"？

First, there are certain human universals and environmental overlaps across biology, culture, space, and time that can account for certain "universalistic" features of mathematics.

首先，存在确定的人类世界与环境的交叉重迭，这种重迭跨越于生物学、文化、空间和时间，这可以说明数学的确定的'普遍性'特征。

The biological characteristics and parameters for different geographic populations of Anastatus japonicus Ashmead in the eggs of Antherea pernyi were compared with the method of life table. The results show that the fecundity properties parameters of Vietnamese population including the net reproduction rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase, doubling time, number of eggs laid per female, preoviposition period and oviposition period are superior to Guangxi, Guangdong and Hainan population.

应用生命表技术对荔蝽平腹小蜂Anastatus japonicus Ashmead不同地理种群以柞蚕卵为繁殖寄主的条件下的重要生物学指标和参数进行测定和比较，结果表明，越南种群的主要生殖力指标，包括净生殖力（R0）、内禀增长率、周限增长率、种群倍增时间、单雌产卵量、产卵前期和产卵历期均比广西、广东和海南种群的理想；4种群的雌蜂寿命、羽化率和雌性比率则没有显著差异。

Objective\ Investigation of the biomechanical properties of chondrocytes in vitro cultured in different time.

目的 探讨软骨细胞在体外不同培养时间的生物学特性。

objective study on the nature of medicine and biology of medpor plasty plate,and its clinical results and pinna support in reconsurction of auricleⅰstage.methods 25cases with congenital absense of auricle were operated useing medpor plasty pinna support.results twelve five cases were successfcelly.the pinna support were easy to process,not easy to be out of shape,no toxin,and its histocomitibility was good.conclusion it is sugˉgested that using medpor plasty to be pinna support iyas good for reconstruction of auricle.

目的 探讨使用一种新材料medpor支架医学生物学性能及其在耳廓再造术中的临床应用效果。方法 25例先天性小耳廓畸形采用medpor为支架行ⅰ期耳廓再造术。结果25例耳廓再造皆成功，耳廓支架易加工，不易变形，无毒，与组织相容性良好。结论采用medpor材料作为耳廓再造的支架是可行的新材料。它无须切取自体肋软骨之苦，既能缩短手术时间，立体感又强，微细结构清晰。

The results showed that different time,temperature,pH and light irradiation had an obvious effect on spore germination and mycelial growth.

对其生物学特性研究的结果表明，不同的时间、温度、pH值、光照等条件对该菌的分生孢子萌发、菌丝生长和产孢有显著的影响。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。