时基

Correctional checking formula of melt flow ratio in injection molding was obtained by introducing a correction coefficient β which reflected the complexity degree of mold cavity. The results show that, the maximum flow ratio of 486 can be obtained when injection pressure ranges from 150 MPa to 160 MPa in Archimedes spiral mold for PP, while maximum flow ratio of 419 can be obtained when injection pressure ranges from 160 MPa to 170 MPa for PE. There is a local fluctuation phenomenon for flow ratio and corresponding injection rate in square spiral mold when injection pressure of 100, 120 and 150 MPa for PP and 130, 140 MPa for PE are reached respectively,and this phenomenon is more serious for good fluidity of melt. The average flow ratio in Archimedes spiral mold is 6% larger than that in square spiral mold for PP, and 4% for PE, the average flow ratio of PP is 19% bigger than PE in Archimedes spiral mold, and 15% in square spiral mold. The influence of the cavity profiles on the melt flow ratio is more significant for good fluidity of melt.

研究结果表明：在阿基米德螺旋线模具中，PP在注射压力为150~160 MPa时取得最大流动比485，PE在注射压力为160~170 MPa时取得最大流动比419；在方形螺旋线模具中，PP在注射压力为100，120和150 MPa，PE在注射压力为130和140 MPa时流动比及所对应的注射速率出现波动，且流动性好的熔体波动更为严重；PP在阿基米德螺旋线模具中的流动比均值较其在方形螺旋线模具中大6%，而PE大4%；在阿基米德螺旋线模具中流动比均值PP比PE的流动比均值大19%，而在方形螺旋线模具中PP的流动比均值比PE的大15%；流动性好的熔体受模具型腔轮廓特征影响大。

When the sodium lauryl sulfate and p-octyl polyethylene glycol phenyl ether is used and its level in 3% and 6: 4 ratio, the polymerization process has the lowest coagulum and the highest monomer conversion. Higher reaction temperature and more level hydroxyl value lead to more coagulum, the latter also lead to larger particle size. The acid value has larger influence on viscosity and coagulum, there exist a best range. The emulsion particle size is larger for its hydrophilicity, most of its particles are connected together.

在含较高亲水单体的乳液聚合体系中，难以制得稳定的预乳化液，不能采用工业生产中常用的预乳化工艺，而只能采用混合单体直接滴加的方法；由于单体混合物的亲水亲油值较高，用阴离子型乳化剂十二烷基硫酸钠和非离子型乳化剂聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚混合，用量为单体总量的3％，且比例在6：4时，乳液聚合时具有最低的凝聚物含量和最高的单体转化率；乳液聚合反应温度升高，可以提高单体转化率，增加反应速度，但凝聚率相应提高；随着羟基单体含量的增加，聚合过程中凝聚率增加，聚合物乳胶粒平均直径增加；羧基单体有一个最佳的用量（2.6％），过高或过低凝聚率均提高；羧基含量对乳液的粘度有较大的影响，当羧基含量较低时，羧基含量增加，乳液粘度增加明显；含羟基乳液粒子由于含亲水基团较多，使得乳胶粒径增大，乳胶粒子大多数互相凝聚在一起，处于凝聚态。

1H NMR spectroscopic analysis of aromatic protons combined with theoretical analysis of molecular structures proved the existence of two rotational isomers at 300 K, as well as a rapid interconversion equilibrium at 330 K for both compounds Ⅰ and Ⅱ. However, only one conformer exists for compound Ⅲ and puerarin containing 7-phenolic hydroxyl instead of propyl in A-ring as the case of compounds Ⅰ and Ⅱ. Based on UV-Visible absorption data of neutral and basic solutions, and on the density function calculations, the 7-phenolic hydroxyl group in A-ring was found to be more acidic than the 4'-phenolic hydroxyl group in B-ring. The mechanism of derivation reaction and the structure-reactivity relationship of puerarin as an antioxidant were further discussed.

其中7-丙基葛根素Ⅱ属于新型取代衍生物；变温1H NMR和理论计算结果表明，在300 K时，葛根素和4'-丙基葛根素以单一构型存在；而7，4'-二丙基葛根素和7-丙基葛根素则存在两种核磁可分辨的旋转异构体，当温度升至330 K时，两种异构体可以相互转化；通过对比分析葛根素及其衍生物脱质子产物的紫外可见吸收光谱并结合理论计算，确定了A环上7位酚羟基比B环上4'位酚羟基先脱去质子，并由此进一步阐明了葛根素衍生化反应机理以及在抗氧化作用中可能的活性位点和结构活性关系。

Therefore the dispersion curves obtained in the field are primarily consisted of the first mode. For a heterogeneous elastic solid consisting of three homogeneous layers whose interlayer has low velocity, the phase velocity V〓 of the first mode will also close up to the Rayleigh wave velocity of the bottom layer when frequency f→OHz, but V〓 of the first mode will close up to the shear wave velocity of the interlayer when f→∞, and there is a cut-off frequency at high frequency region for the first mode and V〓 close up to the compressional velocity of interlayer when interlayer is liquid.

当三层固体介质中存在软夹层时，若f→OHz，则其基阶模式的相速度V〓→V〓（V〓为最底层介质的瑞利波速度）；若f→∞，其基阶模式V〓→V〓（V〓为中间层介质的横波速度）；若三层介质中存在液体夹层，当f→OHz时，基阶模式V〓→V〓，而基阶模式在高频段存在一个截止频率，截止频率处的瑞利波速度V〓→V〓；由此可判定，野外实测的相速度频散曲线不仅有基阶导波模式，同时还应有高阶导波模式波的存在，接收信号中存在模式间的跳跃，因此频散曲线会产生"之"字形现象。

On the other hand, when the radical center is located at the 2-position of bicyclic cyclobutylcarbinyl radicals, ring opening pathway is favored unless a radical-stabilizing substituent is placed in the cyclobutyl ring at the bridge position.

另一方面，当自由基中心位于双环环丁基甲基自由基的2-位时，开环过程占主导地位，但是在双环的桥位上存在能够稳定自由基的取代基时，重排主要进行扩环反应。

The bay area has no substituent and has electron-withdrawing groups,such as bromine atom,cyano-group and 4-formyl phenoxy group compounds have strong absorption in 525 nm,when excitated them,they have strong yellow and salmon pink luminescence bettwen 538 and 566 nm.When introduce electron-donating substituents,such as phenoxy group,morpholinyl,piperidinyl and n-butylamino group,the absorption bathochromic shift while the electron-donating ability is improved,bettwen 536 and 692 nm have strong absorption,reach to the near-infrared region. When excitated them,only the phenoxy group compound has strong salmon pink luminescence in 572 nm,the others have no fluorescence.

其中，港湾位无取代的以及含吸电基团(—Br、—CN、对甲酰基苯氧基)化合物在525 nm左右处均有很强的吸收ε＞10~4M~(-1cm~(-1)，当光激发时，港湾位无取代、溴代和氰基取代物发出538～547 nm的强烈黄色荧光，对甲酰基苯氧基取代物则发出566 nm的强烈橙红色荧光；含供电基团(苯氧基、吗啉基、哌啶基、正丁氨基)化合物随着供电子能力的增强，吸收发生红移，在536～692 nm处均有很强的吸收ε＞10~4M~(-1cm~(-1)，达到了近红外区，当光激发时，只有苯氧基取代物发出572 nm的强烈橙红色荧光，而含氮供电基取代物均发生了荧光淬灭。

In the normal uterus, Cytokeratins immunolabelling were detected in glandular cell, luminal epithelial cell, Vimentin immunolabelling were detected in stromal cell and endoblastic cell; CK7 immunolabelling were not detected in any tissue of the yak utenus.

研究结果显示：未妊娠时，泛角蛋白在子宫内膜腺上皮细胞、腔上皮细胞内表达，波形蛋白在子宫内膜基质细胞内表达，平滑肌肌动蛋白在子宫平滑肌和血管平滑肌内表达，牦牛子宫任何部位均不表达角蛋白7；妊娠30天左右时，泛角蛋白在子宫内膜腺上皮细胞、子宫内膜腔上皮细胞、滋养层细胞、内胚层细胞和尿囊细胞内表达，波形蛋白在子宫内膜基质细胞和内胚层细胞内表达，平滑肌肌动蛋白在子宫平滑肌和血管平滑肌内表达，角蛋白7在尿囊细胞内表达，偶尔在腔上皮细胞的细胞核边缘表达；消化法进行原代培养时，组织经胶原酶消化并通过100目和400目筛网组合可以有效地分离原代子宫内膜基质细胞和子宫内膜腺上皮细胞；分离得到的子宫内膜基质细胞活率达90%以上，并可在体外传代7次以上；分离得到的子宫内膜腺上皮细胞活率可达85%以上，并可在体外传代5次以上；RPMI1640培养基最适合子宫内膜基质细胞和子宫内膜腺上皮细胞的生长，维持子宫内膜基质细胞正常生长的FBS添加量为20%，维持子宫内膜腺上皮细胞正常生长的胎牛血清添加量为30%。

At the depigmentation assay, DH and EH show dose-dependently inhibitory activities against mushroom tyrosinase, and the IC50 is 5.697 and 5.256 mM, respectively, and show noncompetitively inhibitory modes in the present of tyrosine, but not DOPA. The control synthetic products, D and E, have no inhibitory effects on tyrosinase. Using tyrosinase activity staining in PAGE gels, both DH and EH show dose-dependently inhibitory pattern in the presence of tyrosine, while, EH also could suppress tyrosinase activity in the presence of DOPA.

而美白活性方面，以商品酪胺酸以商品酪胺酸酵素进行实验，当基质为酪胺酸时，发现DH与EH具浓度相关抑制效果，IC50分别为5.697与5.256 mM，且其相对於基质酪胺酸之抑制型态皆为非竞争型抑制，而其结构类似物之对照化合物D与E则不具此活性；但当基质为多巴时则皆不具此活性；利用原态PAGE电泳活性染色亦发现抑制酪胺酸酵素结果，但EH在基质为多巴时也能下降酪胺酸酵素活性。

And the ability of antioxidant of polyhydroxy benzamides don't have too many differences with Trolox (IC50 =13.90 μg/ml), the substition of hydroxy group at amino benzene ring doesn't affect the whole ability of antioxidant apparently, but while the single hydroxy group at carboxylic acid benzene ring, they are apparently decrease to scavenge the ability of free radical, as a result, the hydroxy at amino benzene ring substitutes its function, without the hydroxy group, the ability of antioxidant is worst, but it upgrades its function while the hydroxy and amino are in the ortho-position or para-position.

而当多酚醯胺化合物其抗氧化能力与Trolox差不多时(IC50 =13.90 μg/ml)，胺基苯环上之羟基取代对整体抗氧化能力影响不明显，但在羧酸苯环上具单羟基时，其清除自由基能力明显下降，使得胺基苯环上羟基取代发挥了影响力，无羟基取代时，抗氧化能力最差，而羟基与胺基互为邻位或是对位时较间位有提升效果。

Most conventional methods for the extraction of substrate network were based on the use of frequency behavior of Y22 + Y21. However, we found that the feedback signal through the internal circuit elements makes the conductance of the substrate network underestimated while makes the susceptance of the substrate network overestimated. If conventional methods are directly performed on large area SiGe HBTs, a negative effective substrate resistance will be extracted. In the first part of the thesis, a new extraction method for the substrate network parameters of SiGe HBTs is proposed. When extracting the substrate network parameters, the feedback signal through internal circuit elements is considered. All the circuit elements of substrate network are extracted from Ysub instead of Y22 + Y21. The extracted substrate network parameters show a different bias dependence as compared to the conventional methods. By using a simple n+-p junction, we successfully explained the extracted bias dependent substrate network parameters. We developed a series linear regression equation to extracted the intrinsic circuit elements from the ABCD parameters. Compared with the conventional methods which extracted the circuit elements from Y-parameters or Z-parameters, the proposed method is much simple and easy to implement in the computer programs.

传统方法在萃取基板网路参数时，常常由所量得的Y22 + Y21来著手，但我们的研究发现，利用Y22 + Y21的频率关系来萃取基板参数时，基板网路的电导会被低估而基板网路的电纳则会被高估，另外传统基板网路参数萃取方法在萃取大尺寸元件基板网路参数时会得到负值基板等效电阻，以上的非理想效应皆因忽略部份信号会经由本质参数对基板网路做回授的影响，因此本论文中提出一个新的基板网路参数萃取方法，在萃取基板网路参数时考虑了由本质参数所回授的信号，并且由Ysub而非Y22 + Y21萃取基板等效电阻、基板等效电容及基板与集极空乏电容，成功的解决上述的一些非理想效应，所得到的基板网路参数与集极偏压的关系与传统方法所得的趋势相异，经由一个简单的模型成功的解释了所萃取得到的基板网路参数与偏压的关系，在萃取本质参数时，我们舍弃传统萃取方法中常用的Y参数或Z参数萃取方程式，而改用ABCD参数，并提出一系列的线性回归方程式，萃取所有的本质参数，与传统方法比较起来，比较简单而且容易建立在使用者的参数萃取软体中。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。