旧词新义

He propels multi-syllables in Chinese,spreads the word formation of affixation and adds new meaning to many old Chinese words.

利玛窦对汉语词汇的发展做出了显著的贡献，主要表现在推动汉语复音化进程，促进附加式构词方式的发展，给汉语旧词灌注新义三个方面。

These changes impulse the development of the language at the same time,neology emerge in a large amount, some new words among them produce through giving the old word new meaning .

这些变化同时也推动了语言的发展，新词新语大量涌现，其中有一些新词语是通过赋予旧词以新义而产生的。

Neology is a lexical phenomenon of new meanings adding to old word forms. It follows the manner of new wine in old bottles, that is to say, by the way of extending or changing the old meanings, the new ones attach themselves to the old word while it remains its form unchanged.

旧词新义是一种旧词形增新意义的词汇现象，它遵循旧瓶装新酒的方式，不产生新的形式，而是依附于汉语原有的词语，采用扩大或变化原有词义的办法来实现的。

We collect "old word with new meaning"from"Xinhua New Word Dictionary"and the appendix containing neology and new meaning of the supplement edition in the year of 2002 of "Modern Chinese Dictionary".

本文从《新华新词语词典》和《现代汉语词典》2002年增补本的附录"新词新义"中收集旧词新义。

We find that relations among words, syntactic relations such as predictation, co-ordination, and associative relations such as synonymy, homonymy, antonymy, and relations among objects reflected by words play a very important role in the semantic shift.

&冠&，由帽子的意思引申出首位、第一的意思；&履&，由践踏的意思引申出唯的意思；等等。在新词、新义产生的同时，也有部分旧词、旧义渐趋消亡，如：成、唯、弑、缢、屦等。

At the phonological level, foregrounding is fulfilled through the reoccurrence of the identical sound. Nonce-formations, abbreviations, blends and sense-shift attain lexical foregrounding, and the frequent use of the shorts words and numbers also functions. At the syntactic level, foregrounded features are embodied in the frequent use of active voice and quotations, and also the peculiar use of the tenses. Foregrounding at the semantic level principally turns up in the news headlines. It is the use of metaphor, synecdoche, metonymy and pun that helps to bring the potential of the linguistic elements into full play.

从语相层来看，体育新闻报道通过对标点符号的特殊使用、拼写的变异以及排版方式来实现前景化；从音位层来看，前景化靠对同一音素的复现来实现；从词汇层来看，新词的创造、词汇的缩略、混成及旧词新义等实现了对常规语言的偏离，此外，频繁使用短小词和数字也将报道推向前景；句法层上，体育新闻报道则通过对主动语态、引语等的频繁使用和时态的特殊用法来实现前景化；语义层的前景化主要集中在新闻标题中暗喻、提喻、转喻及双关等的使用。

New words coined for new concepts are neologisms,new sememes made from old words are also neologisms.

为新概念造词是新词，旧词产生新义位也是新词。

The new ones are born.(2) Some meaning point which belongs to old meaning field of word can be looked at by new eyes as speakers gradually notices the particular side of context meaning, or it can be affected by context factors and changes take place quietly. Both result in the independence of the meaning points.(3) New sememes are influenced by grammatical factors.

2旧词原有义域中的某个义点，由于语言使用者逐渐注意到了语境意义特殊性的一面，该义点可能令人&刮目相看&，或者受到语境因素的影响，悄然发生位移，这两种情形都可以使义点独立成为新的义位。

In what condition do old words gain new sememes? According to the result of our research, there are 4:(1) New meaning points come into being resulting from the innovative usage, since they can not be included in the old sememes.

1由于人们的创新使用旧词获得新义点，新义点不能被概括到原来的义位当中，这时会设立一个新义位。

Firstly, old words change their old meanings. Secondly, new meanings are added to old words. The first condition involves the changes of a certain sememe of old word in different period of time.

旧词产生新义包括了旧词改变原义和旧词增添新义两种类型，前者涉及到的是旧词原来某个义位在不同时期的变化，后者论述的是旧词在保持原有义位不变的同时又增加了一个新义位。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。