无雌蕊的

Fruit dehiscent siliques, linear, terete or latiseptate; valves with a prominent midvein and often distinct marginal veins, glabrous or glandular, torulose; gynophore obsolete, rarely to 1 mm; replum flattened; septum complete; style obsolete or to 3 mm; stigma capitate, slightly lobed, rarely prominently lobed and subdecurrent.

果开裂长角果，线形，或具宽隔膜；裂爿具一突出中脉和通常离生边缘脉，无毛或具腺，；雌蕊柄淘汰，很少对1毫米；使变平的假隔膜；隔膜完全；花柱废退的或到3毫米；柱头头状，稍浅裂，很少显著浅裂和。

Female flowers solitary or several and male mixed in axillary cluster; pedicels 2-6 cm; calyx yellow-green, 6-lobed; sepals slightly thick, biseriate, outer obovate or subspatulate, ovate-elliptic, 6-7 × 3-4 mm, inner shorter, obovate, ca. 5 mm, with purple stripes; disk absent; pistil depressed globose, ca. 2 × 2.7 mm, 3-locular; styles 3, bifid at apex, arms recurved.

雌花单生或数个雌花和雄花在腋生簇束里混生；花梗2-6厘米；花萼黄绿色，6裂；萼片稍厚， 2列，外部倒卵形或近匙形，卵状椭圆形， 6-7 * 3-4 毫米，内部的短，倒卵形，长约5毫米，有紫色条纹；花盘无；雌蕊扁球形，约2×2.7毫米，3室；花柱3，在先端2裂，裂片下弯。

Stamens inserted at apex of corolla tube; filaments short; anthers sagittate, connivent, adherent to pistil head, spurred at base; disc absent.

雄蕊花冠筒的着生的在先端；花丝短花药箭头形，靠合，对雌蕊头状花序，基部具距附着；花盘无。

Flowers bisexual or bisexual and male; stamens more than 2 × as many as petals; gynoecium 2- to many loculed; ovules 2 to many per locule; fruit with stalked or rarely sessile pulp vesicles; leaves odd-pinnately 3(or 5)-foliolate, digitately 3-foliolate

花两性或两性和男性；雄蕊超过2 *同数花瓣；第2-到多室雌蕊群；胚珠2到多数每室；果具柄或很少无梗果肉囊；具小叶叶奇数羽状复叶的3(或5)，掌状具3小叶， 15

When the bud growed to 0.5centimeter before the the gynandrous primordium was formed, the male were easily induced by GA_3among apomixes species.

GA_3诱导苎麻属全雌性无融合生殖种产生雄花的试验表明，花芽分化至雌蕊原基分化形成之前(花芽长度0.5cm左右)比较容易诱导性转换。

Stamens 5 to very numerous, in 1-3 series, fused with the rudimentary pistil into a gynostemium or in bisexual flowers connate into a cylinder; free filaments absent; anthers 2-loculed, dehiscent longitudinally or by apical pores.

雄蕊5 到多，1-3 列，退化雌蕊愈合成合蕊柱或两性花合生成圆柱体无离生的花丝；花药2室，纵裂或者凭借顶孔开裂。

Male flowers: sepals mostly 5, imbricate to valvate, free; petals 5, smaller or nearly equal to sepals; disk glandular, usually 5, and opposite sepals; stamens 10-20; filaments free, inflexed in bud; anthers muticous; pistillode absent.

雄花： 多数的萼片5，覆瓦状到镊合状，离生；花瓣5，小或近等长于萼片；花盘具腺，通常5，与萼片对生；雄蕊10-20；花丝离生，在芽中内折；花药钝；无退化雌蕊。

Inflorescence spikelike, cylindrical, composed of spiny or bristly deciduous burrs arranged along an angular, often sinuous rachis; burrs sessile or with an obconical basal stipe, each composed of 1 or more sessile spikelets surrounded by an involucre of spines and bristles; bristles flexuous or more often spinous,± flattened, grooved on the outer face, united below, the degree of union varying from a small basal disk to a deep cupule, inner spines or bristles often ciliate around spikelets. Spikelets lanceolate, acute; glumes unequal, shorter than spikelet, lower sometimes suppressed; lower floret membranous, staminate or neuter; upper floret firmer, protogynous.

花序穗状，圆筒状，由落叶的毛刺沿着一具角安排的具刺的或具刚毛，通常波状的轴组成；毛刺无梗或具基部的倒锥状柄，每一个由1无梗或更多组成以总苞的刺和刚毛包围；或更多的刚毛曲折通常spinous，多少扁平，在外面上具凹槽，下面的合生，协会的度从一小的基部的花盘变化到一深的壳斗，小穗披针形，锐尖；不等长的颖片，短于小穗，降低有时压抑；更低的小花膜质，雄蕊花的或中性；坚定的上面小花，雌蕊先熟。

Bisexual flowers: stamens 1 or 3, inserted on 1 side of ovary; filaments inconspicuous; connectives conspicuous, if stamens 3, connectives connate at base or free; anthers 1- or 2-loculed, longitudinally dehiscent; pistil 1, 1-carpelled; ovary inferior, 1-loculed; ovule 1, pendulous, orthotropous; style short or absent.

两性花：雄蕊1或者3，在子房的1侧着生；花丝不显著；药隔显著，如果雄蕊3，药隔在基部合生或离生；室花药1或2，纵向开裂；雌蕊1，1心皮；子房下位，1室；胚珠1，下垂，；花柱短或无。

Male flowers: pedicel articulated at base; sepals 5, free, valvate, initially curved around stamens, later reflexed; petals and disk absent; stamens 5, free, inserted at bases of sepals; filaments short; anthers larger, thecae 2, parallel, introrse, dehiscence longitudinal; pistillode short and broad, peltate.

雄花 花梗有节在基部；萼片5，离生，镊合状，最初在雄蕊周围弯曲，后反折；花瓣和花盘无；雄蕊5，离生，着生在萼片的基部；花丝短；花药大，囊2，平行，内向，纵裂；退化雌蕊短和宽，盾形。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。