无融合生殖

Apomixis provides a unique opportunity to fix and utilize hybrid vigor. A number of research programs around the world have tried to use apomixis as an important plant-breeding tool.

无融合生殖是指不经过雌雄配子融合而产生种子的一种特殊生殖方式，能使基因型的杂合性得以保持，从而可以固定杂种优势，对作物育种具有极其重要的意义。

Apomixis allows the establishment of genetically stable seed propagating clones of crops,which can perpetuate themselves across countless sporophytic generations.

利用植物无融合生殖固定杂种优势，已被认为是一条生产杂交种子的高效途径。近年来，由于RAPD、RFLP和差异显示等技术的应用，已使植物无融合生殖的研究面貌一新。

Only one complete corollinae chromosome was detected in Ml4, and was determined corollinae chromosome 9. We have used in situ hybridization of genomic DNA to discrimination the parental chromosomes in Beta Ml 4, suppression of cross-hybridization by blocking DNA was not necessary indicating that the investigated Beta genome contain sufficient species-species DNA enabling the unequivocal determination of genomic composition of the hybrids.In our study , the results of BAC -FISH combined with the analysis of GISH in Beta M14,indicating that present of the corollinae chromosome 9 alone was sufficient to confer apospory in Beta M14 upon celluar and molecular..

BAC克隆16-M11和26-L15携带M14花期特异表达的基因；在M14甜菜对应的有性栽培甜菜染色体上没有出现信号，呈半合子状态；包含的单或低拷贝DNA序列在野生白花甜菜进化过程是共线的；两个BAC克隆部分同源；位于末端重组抑制区，所有这些不同寻常的特性都暗示着：BAC克隆16-M11和26-L15和无融合生殖特性相关，可作为无融合生殖

Due to the causes such as polyploidy and self-incompatibility, the plants of Paspalum, with the greatest number of apomictic species, show much complex and various reproduction characteristics.

由于多倍体的存在及有性生殖的自交不亲和等原因，雀稗属植物表现出复杂多样的生殖特性，是禾本科中具备无融合生殖特性种类最多的属。

Although high genetic diversity including variation of ploidy level, polyembryony and twin-embryonic phenomenon existed in the genus Coffea, there was less study on how about the apomixes in coffee.

咖啡属植物遗传类型丰富，具有多个倍性水平，偶见种子的多胚豆和双生苗现象，但是对于咖啡属植物中是否存在无融合生殖遗传特性，有关报道甚少，目前尚无无融合生殖材料选育的报道。

Due to the causes such as polyploidy and self-incompatibility,the plants ofPaspalum,with the greatest number of apomictic species,show much complex and various reproduction characteristics.

由于多倍体的存在及有性生殖的自交不亲和等原因，雀稗属植物表现出复杂多样的生殖特性，是禾本科中具备无融合生殖特性种类最多的属。

In view of the four plants have characteristics of autonomous seed set at first female ear of the every plant,short husk,yellow silk,thin cob,purple anther as well as unhealthy to rootage development and so on ,which are different completely from to their parents.

但是长期以来利用近缘野生种向栽培玉米转移无融合生殖特性的研究，仍未能达到预期的目标[4，10]为此，我们于1990～2003年进行了诱导玉米无融合生殖体的研究，并获

New apomictic plants are enumerated. Genetic mechanism is summarized. The problems in this field and development prospects are discussed.

本文对近几年来无融合生殖新种质资源的发现、主要研究方法、遗传机制和相关基因等方面的最新进展作了介绍，并对无融合生殖研究中存在的问题和发展前景作了讨论。

In the present paper,the inheritance,morphological and anatomical char-acters,physiological and biochemical characteristics,the shoot and leaf growinghabit of the curly dwarf mutant "Zha′ai 76"from Malus baecata,and the re-productive charateristic of"Pingyi Tiancha"an apomictic type of Malus hupe-hensis,are systematically studied.

本文对山定子皱叶矮生型突变系&扎矮76&的遗传、形态、解剖、生理生化、枝叶生长等特性和苹果属无融合生殖类型平邑甜茶的生殖特性进行了系统研究，并探索了通过两种资源的杂交选育种子繁殖的苹果矮化砧品种的可能性，获得以下结果

This review is focused on the recent research progresses of related genes in the development of embryo, endosperm, and miosis, and several genes may involved in the regulation of apomitic development.

本文介绍了植物胚发育、胚乳发育、减数分裂等涉及无融合生殖过程的相关基因的研究进展，同时介绍了可能与植物无融合生殖途径调控相关的几个基因片段的研究情况。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失