无结构

Half penalty method and optimism design of ten connecting bar mechanism of plunger slide in double action drawing press;2. The essential boundary condition is imposed by employing a penalty method .

将选择施加在"虚结构"控制点上的虚载荷作为形状优化的设计变量，并将它与无网格Galerkin法相结合来开展结构形状优化研究，采用罚函数法来施加边界条件，通过直接微分法建立了结构形状优化的离散型灵敏度分析算法，利用无网格法研究了节点坐标关于设计变量导数的计算。

The monosaccharides in LBP-4 identified by GC were xylose , galactose , mannose , Rhamnose , glucose and arabinose with the molar ratio of 4. 45: 1. 20: 1. 0: 0.98: 0.90: 0.85. The content of calcium, magnesium, zinc and iron in LBP-4a were 127. 9070mg·g〓, 32. 3953mg·g〓, 0.3845mg·g〓 and 0.2930mg·g〓, respectively. The content of galacturnic acid in LBP-4a was 55. 45% while the content of protein is 3. 80%. According to IR spectra, it contains -COOH group,-NH- roup,-OH group,-NH〓 group and β-D-glucose. The backbone of sugar residues chain in LBP-4a were contained 1→6 indican bond according to periodate oxidation and the results of β-elimination reaction indicated that the chain of polysaccharides and protein were connected by O-linked chemical bond. The photograph of LBP-4a got by laser scanning confocal microscope and scanning electron microscope showed that the LBP-4a combined both with each other and with itself in its crystalloid. The crystalloid was flake and anisotropic.

由LBP-4a的红外光谱图知：LBP-4a中含有-COOH、-OH和-NH〓或-NH-基团，糖链中含有β-D-吡喃葡萄糖；高碘酸氧化实验知LBP-4a糖链中不具有连二羟基和连三羟基结构的单糖残基：具有连二羟基结构的单糖残基：具有连三羟基结构的单糖残基=57.0：16.2：1，六碳糖残基的连接中含有1→6连接的糖苷键；通过β消去反应证明LBP-4a中多糖链和氨基酸间为-O-型连接；由激光扫描共聚焦显微镜和扫描电镜对LBP-4a结晶观察结果推测：LBP-4a结晶中同时存在分子间和分子内结合的现象，LBP-4a分子相互结合时，并不是无规则的相互缠绕形成无规线团结构，而是形成片层结构，并且LBP-4a结晶可能具有各向异性的性质。

Using the Mindlin theory, the four-node finite element shell modal of healthy and damaged structure is formed; Using Green Function theory, the fluid around the structure is considered to be inviscid, irrotational and incompressible, and then the effect of fluid to structure is translated to the added mass matrix compared with global mass matrix using BEM.

基于Mindlin理论，本文建立了描述健康和损伤的四结点有限元板壳单元模型；基于Green函数理论，将结构所处的流体环境考虑为无粘、无旋、不可压缩的理想流体，推导了三维问题拉普拉斯方程的基本解，并利用边界元方法将流体对结构的影响归结为对结构整体质量矩阵的影响；针对各向同性损伤单元，采取刚度各向整体弱化的方法分析；对于各向异性损伤单元，采用Kachanov理论，引入了x和y两个方向的弹性损伤折减系数。

The results are as follows:(1) The morphological investigation indicated that the nectaries werelacked on the main nervation, calyx and bract of cotton line 97014 comparedwith TM-1. Alveolate hollow was absent at main nervation of the mature leaf.Results of cytological analysis showed that 97014 lacked nectariferous structure.Where nectary inserted were parenchyma cells, cupped structure and brownnectariferous substance on the lower epidermis were not found.

主要研究结果如下：(1)以棉花无蜜腺品种97014与有蜜腺棉花遗传标准系TM-1为材料，进行形态学比较研究，结果表明棉花无蜜腺品种97014叶片中脉、花萼和苞叶上都缺少蜜腺，成熟叶片叶脉、花萼和苞叶上均无蜂窝状凹陷；组织与细胞切片观察发现，97014缺少蜜腺组织结构，在蜜腺着生处为排列整齐的薄壁细胞，且在下表皮看不到凹陷的组织结构和褐色的蜜腺分泌物。

By using the above conclusions the nondegeneracy condition of systems without steady errors is analyzed successfully.

利用上面的结果，成功地分析了结构无静差问题的非蜕化条件；证明了非蜕化条件不但是实现结构无静差的充分条件之一，而且还是实现结构无静差的必要条件。

The difference between codon choice randomization in the region of protein regular secondary structure and that in coil region is investigated in detail. We find that the folding free energy of mRNA segments in different protein secondary structures is significantly different. The average Z score is -1. 38 and -1. 71 for regular secondary structure, but -0.93 and -1. 03 for coil.

我们仔细分析了在蛋白质规则结构区域（alpha螺旋和beta折叠）和无规则结构区域密码子随机选择的差异，发现处于不同蛋白质二级结构的mRNA片段的折叠自由能有显著的不同，对于规则结构，Human和E.coli的平均Z-score值分别为-1.71和-1.38，但是无规则结构的Z-score值分别为-1.03和-0.93。

The differentiation states of costae indicates the ways they absorb and transport water, and their ability adapting to the dry conditions, which was elucidated by the following examples: Brachythecium plumosum, because of its thin cell-walls in the costae and the absence of hydrome, assistant and steroid cells, can absorb water and nutrition under shady and moist conditions; Plagiomnium rostratum, though often grows in shady and wet condition, has hydrome and steroid cells, a feature similar to those of xeric mosses, which endows it to grow in the conditions with periodical drought stress during its life cycle; Hygrohypnum luridum is characterized by its slender leaves with only one layer of cells, the thin cell-walls, the absence of filaments on the leaf surface, and the fewer layer cells in the costae, the absence of hydrome and steroid cells. These features make it adaptable to aquatic environments. For Pogonatum inflexum and Atrichum undulatum, their ventral surfaces covered with lamella, while for Racomitrium japonicum, Thuidium cymbifolium, Macromitrium ferriei, Diphyscium fulvifolium, Barbula unguiculata and Ceratodon purpureus, their leaves are strongly mammillose or papillos. Such appendiculate structures made them adaptable to thy conditions.

例如，荫湿生环境下的羽枝青藓Brachythecium plumosum，其中肋细胞胞壁较薄，无导水主细胞和副细胞的分化，也没有厚壁细胞分化，能够在阴湿环境下吸收水分和养分；钝叶匍灯藓Plagiomnium rostratum具有与旱生藓类植物相似的中肋结构，叶片较厚，中肋具导水主细胞，中肋背面具厚壁细胞，这些特点使该种藓类植物能够分布于间隙性干旱胁迫的环境中；水灰藓Hygrohypnum luridum叶片纤细柔弱，仅1层细胞，细胞胞壁薄，叶表无附属结构，中肋细胞层数少，无导水主细胞分化，也没有厚壁细胞，这些特点使得水灰藓'能够生长在水生环境中；东亚小金发藓Pogonatum inflerum和波叶仙鹤藓Atrichum undulatum的叶腹面覆盖着栉片，东亚砂藓Racomitrium japonicum、大羽藓Thuidium cymbifolium、福氏蓑藓Macromitrium ferriei、东亚短颈藓Diphyscium fuhifolium、扭口藓Barbula unguiculata和角齿藓Ceratodon purpureus的叶片表面有乳头状突起或疣状物，这些附属结构使它们能够适应于旱生的环境中。

Circular dichroism spectroscopy measurements also reveal that the ordered structure content of α-helical and β-structure of ovalbumin decrease, and the unfolded random structure is enhanced with increasing pressure; While the existence of dextran sulphate to the native ovalbumin, there are no apparent change on the secondary structure of ovalbumin; It seems same to glycinin.

圆二色性光谱分析表明，经超高压处理后，鸡蛋清蛋白分子中规则的二级结构减少，而部分规则的二级结构和无规卷曲含量增加。加入硫酸右旋糖苷的鸡蛋清蛋白溶液经超高压处理后其二级结构中各部分的含量变化不大：对于大豆豆球蛋白，加入硫酸右旋糖苷后，大豆豆球蛋白分子经超高压处理后其有序结构的减少及无规卷曲的增加都相对减缓。

Test results are as follows: Ballastless track structures can effectively improve the dynamic action of train loads on subgrade beds, the measured stresses and acceleration rates are far smaller than those measured with ballasted track structures; axle loads have remarkable influence on dynamic stresses of ballastless track subgrades and have some influence on acceleration responses; speeds of either motor car units or freight trains all have limited effect on dynamic embankment responses; after attenuating over 3 meters high embankment, neither dynamic stresses nor acceleration rates are influential to net cushions at the bottom of column-net structure subgrades

结果表明：采用无砟轨道结构可以有效改善列车荷载对路基基床的动力作用，测得的动应力与加速度值均远小于有砟轨道结构测得的值；列车轴重对无砟轨道路基的动应力影响明显，对加速度响应也有一定影响；无论是动车组还是货物列车，其运行速度对路堤部分的动响应影响均有限；动应力与加速度经3 m 高的路堤后衰减，对桩网结构路基下部的网垫层已基本无影响。

Mm×400mm fiber reinforced composite material armor panel behind the ship's C type steel panel was used to simulate warsh ip's light composite armor, and the ballistic velocity penetration experiments for the different FRC armor panel and the different structural status, such as space certain clearance or no between the two parts, have been done.

采用纤维增强复合材料板前置船体结构钢板模拟舰用轻型复合装甲结构，对有间隙和无间隙复合装甲结构以及不同纤维增强复合材料防弹板进行了打靶实验研究，实验测试了不同纤维增强复合材料防弹板以及有间隙和无间隙复合装甲结构抗弹丸穿甲的吸能量。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。